Based on the very successful German edition and a seminar held by the German Engineers` Association (VDI) on a regular basis for years now, this English edition has been thoroughly updated and revised to reflect the latest developments. It supplies in particular the special aspects of vacuum technology, applied vacuum pump types and vacuum engineering in the chemical, pharmaceutical and process industry application-segments. The text includes chapters dedicated to latest European regulations for operating in hazardous zones with vacuum systems, methods for process pressure control and regulation and leak detection.
All of the authors work or did work at a selection of the most important German companies involved in vacuum technology, and their expertise is disseminated here for engineers working in vacuum technology, chemical process design, plant operation, and mechanical engineering.
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Vacuum Technology in the Chemical Industry
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1
Fundamentals of Vacuum Technology
Wolfgang Jorisch
1.1 Introduction
Vacuum technology is being used widely in many chemistry applications. Here it is not used in the same way as in physics applications. In physics applications, it is the objective to perform experiments in volumes (vacuum chambers) which are as pure as possible, that is, which contain as few particles as possible as these particles generally impair the physical process.
Vacuum technology is used in the area of chemistry applications for the purpose of performing basic thermal and mechanical operations to reprocess reaction products under conditions which preserve the product. Typical applications for thermal separating processes in a vacuum are distillation, drying or sublimation at reduced pressures as well as applications which accelerate the reaction itself when reaction products from the reaction mixture need to be removed for the purpose of shifting the equilibrium in the desired direction, for example. An example of this is the process of esterification.
A mechanical process performed in a vacuum is that of vacuum filtration where the pressure difference created between vacuum and atmospheric pressure is utilised as the driving force for the filtration process.
The planning process engineer or the consulting engineer of a chemical plant not only faces questions how to properly dimension a vacuum system so as to comply with the demanded process specifications, but he needs to solve in a satisfactory way, problems relating to operating costs which shall be as low as possible and questions as to the minimisation of emissions in the discharged air and waste water. The wide variety of vacuum pumps used in the area of chemistry technology reflects this. The responsible planning engineer or plant chemist will have to select, in consideration of the process engineering questions which differ from process to ...
Table of contents
- Cover
- Related Titles
- Title Page
- Copyright
- List of Contributors
- Chapter 1: Fundamentals of Vacuum Technology
- Chapter 2: Condensation under Vacuum
- Chapter 3: Liquid Ring Vacuum Pumps in Industrial Process Applications
- Chapter 4: Steam Jet Vacuum Pumps
- Chapter 5: Mechanical Vacuum Pumps
- Chapter 6: Basics of the Explosion Protection and Safety-Technical Requirements on Vacuum Pumps for Manufacturers and Operating Companies
- Chapter 7: Measurement Methods for Gross and Fine Vacuum
- Chapter 8: Leak Detection Methods
- Chapter 9: Vacuum Crystallisation
- Chapter 10: Why Evaporation under Vacuum?
- Chapter 11: Evaporators for Coarse Vacuum
- Chapter 12: Basics of Drying Technology
- Chapter 13: Vacuum Technology Bed
- Chapter 14: Pharmaceutical Freeze-Drying Systems
- Chapter 15: Short Path and Molecular Distillation
- Chapter 16: Rectification Under Vacuum
- Chapter 17: Vacuum Conveying of Powders and Bulk Materials
- Chapter 18: Vacuum Filtration – System and Equipment Technology, Range and Examples of Applications, Designs
- Index
- EULA
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Yes, you can access Vacuum Technology in the Chemical Industry by Wolfgang Jorisch in PDF and/or ePUB format, as well as other popular books in Technology & Engineering & Chemical & Biochemical Engineering. We have over 1.5 million books available in our catalogue for you to explore.