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Industrial Biography, Iron Workers and Tool Makers
Samuel Smiles
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Industrial Biography, Iron Workers and Tool Makers
Samuel Smiles
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About This Book
pubOne.info thank you for your continued support and wish to present you this new edition. The Author offers the following book as a continuation, in a more generally accessible form, of the Series of Memoirs of Industrial Men introduced in his Lives of the Engineers. While preparing that work he frequently came across the tracks of celebrated inventors, mechanics, and iron-workers- the founders, in a great measure, of the modern industry of Britain- whose labours seemed to him well worthy of being traced out and placed on record, and the more so as their lives presented many points of curious and original interest. Having been encouraged to prosecute the subject by offers of assistance from some of the most eminent living mechanical engineers, he is now enabled to present the following further series of memoirs to the public.
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Information
Topic
LetteraturaSubtopic
ClassiciCHAPTER I.
IRON AND CIVILIZATION.
Ā Ā The South Sea Islanders and iron
Ā Ā Uses of iron for tools
Ā Ā The Stone, Bronze, and Iron ages
Ā Ā Recent discoveries in the beds of the Swiss
lakes
Ā Ā Iron the last metal to come into general use, and
why
Ā Ā The first iron smelters
Ā Ā Early history of iron in Britain
Ā Ā The Romans
Ā Ā Social importance of the Smith in early times
Ā Ā Enchanted swords
Ā Ā Early scarcity of iron in Scotland
Ā Ā Andrea de Ferrara
Ā Ā Scarcity of iron in England at the time of the
Armada
Ā Ā Importance of iron for national defence
CHAPTER II.
BEGINNINGS OF THE IRON-MANUFACTURER IN
BRITAIN.
Ā Ā Iron made in the Forest of Dean in Anglo-Saxon
times
Ā Ā Monkish iron-workers
Ā Ā Early iron-smelting in Yorkshire
Ā Ā Much iron imported from abroad
Ā Ā Iron manufactures of Sussex
Ā Ā Manufacture of cannon
Ā Ā Wealthy ironmasters of Sussex
Ā Ā Founder of the Gale family
Ā Ā Extensive exports of English ordnance
Ā Ā Destruction of timber in iron-smelting
Ā Ā The manufacture placed under restrictions
Ā Ā The Sussex furnaces blown out
CHAPTER III.
IRON SMELTING BY PIT-COALāDUD DUDLEY.
Ā Ā Greatly reduced production of English iron
Ā Ā Proposal to use pit-coal instead of charcoal of
wood in smelting
Ā Ā Sturtevant's patent
Ā Ā Rovenson's
Ā Ā Dud Dudley; his family his history
Ā Ā Uses pit-coal to smelt iron with success
Ā Ā Takes out his patent
Ā Ā The quality of the iron proved by tests
Ā Ā Dudley's works swept away by a flood
Ā Ā Rebuilds his works, and they are destroyed by a
mob
Ā Ā Renewal of his patent
Ā Ā Outbreak of the Civil War
Ā Ā Dudley joins the Royalists, and rises to be General
of artillery
Ā Ā His perilous adventures and hair-breadth
escapes
Ā Ā His estate confiscated
Ā Ā Recommences iron-smelting
Ā Ā Various attempts to smelt with pit-coal
Ā Ā Dudley's petitions to the King
Ā Ā His death
CHAPTER IV.
ANDREW YARRANTON.
Ā Ā A forgotten patriot
Ā Ā The Yarranton family
Ā Ā Andrew Yarranton's early life
Ā Ā A soldier under the Parliament
Ā Ā Begins iron works
Ā Ā Is seized and imprisoned
Ā Ā His plans for improving internal navigation
Ā Ā Improvements in agriculture
Ā Ā Manufacture of tin plate
Ā Ā His journey into Saxony to learn it
Ā Ā Travels in Holland
Ā Ā His views of trade and industry
Ā Ā His various projects
Ā Ā His 'England's Improvement by Sea and Land'
Ā Ā His proposed Land Bank
Ā Ā His proposed Registry of Real Estate
Ā Ā His controversies
Ā Ā His iron-mining
Ā Ā Value of his labours
CHAPTER V.
COALBROOKDALE IRON WORKSāTHE DARBYS AND
REYNOLDSES.
Ā Ā Failure in the attempts to smelt iron with
pit-coal
Ā Ā Dr. Blewstone's experiment
Ā Ā Decay of the iron manufacture
Ā Ā Abraham Darby
Ā Ā His manufacture of cast-iron pots at Bristol
Ā Ā Removes to Coalbrookdale
Ā Ā His method of smelting iron
Ā Ā Increased use of coke
Ā Ā Use of pit-coal by Richard Ford
Ā Ā Richard Reynolds joins the Coalbrookdale firm
Ā Ā Invention of the Craneges in iron-refining
Ā Ā Letter of Richard Reynolds on the subject
Ā Ā Invention of cast-iron rails by Reynolds
Ā Ā Abraham Darby the Second constructs the first iron
bridge
Ā Ā Extension of the Coalbrookdale Works
Ā Ā William Reynolds: his invention of inclined planes
for working canals
Ā Ā Retirement of Richard Reynolds from the firm
Ā Ā His later years, character, and death
CHAPTER VI.
INVENTION OF CAST STEELāBENJAMIN HUNTSMAN.
Ā Ā Conversion of iron into steel
Ā Ā Early Sheffield manufactures
Ā Ā Invention of blistered steel
Ā Ā Important uses of cast-steel
Ā Ā Le Play's writings on the subject
Ā Ā Early career of Benjamin Huntsman at Doncaster
Ā Ā His experiments in steel-making
Ā Ā Removes to the neighbourhood of Sheffield
Ā Ā His laborious investigations, failures, and
eventual success
Ā Ā Process of making cast-steel
Ā Ā The Sheffield manufacturers refuse to use it
Ā Ā Their opposition foiled
Ā Ā How they wrested Huntsman's secret from him
Ā Ā Important results of the invention to the industry
of Sheffield
Ā Ā Henry Bessemer and his process
Ā Ā Heath's invention
Ā Ā Practical skill of the Sheffield artisans
CHAPTER VII.
THE INVENTIONS OF HENRY CORT.
Parentage of Henry Cort
Becomes a navy agent
State of the iron trade
Cort's experiments in iron-making
Takes a foundry at Fo...