A Passage to India
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A Passage to India

E.M. Forster

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eBook - ePub

A Passage to India

E.M. Forster

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Inspired by the big-game hunting safaris that were quite popular among the wealthy class during the 1920s, "The Most Dangerous Game" combines a dangerous plight and a battle of wills between two very experienced hunters with two very different motivations.

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Year
2020
ISBN
9781690594680
PART I: MOSQUE
CHAPTER I
Except for the Marabar Cavesā€”and they are twenty miles offā€”the city of Chandrapore presents nothing extraordinary. Edged rather than washed by the river Ganges, it trails for a couple of miles along the bank, scarcely distinguishable from the rubbish it deposits so freely. There are no bathing-steps on the river front, as the Ganges happens not to be holy here; indeed there is no river front, and bazaars shut out the wide and shifting panorama of the stream. The streets are mean, the temples ineffective, and though a few fine houses exist they are hidden away in gardens or down alleys whose filth deters all but the invited guest. Chandrapore was never large or beautiful, but two hundred years ago it lay on the road between Upper India, then imperial, and the sea, and the fine houses date from that period. The zest for decoration stopped in the eighteenth century, nor was it ever democratic. There is no painting and scarcely any carving in the bazaars. The very wood seems made of mud, the inhabitants of mud moving. So abased, so monotonous is everything that meets the eye, that when the Ganges comes down it might be expected to wash the excrescence back into the soil. Houses do fall, people are drowned and left rotting, but the general outline of the town persists, swelling here, shrinking there, like some low but indestructible form of life.
Inland, the prospect alters. There is an oval Maidan, and a long sallow hospital. Houses belonging to Eurasians stand on the high ground by the railway station. Beyond the railwayā€”which runs parallel to the riverā€”the land sinks, then rises again rather steeply. On the second rise is laid out the little civil station, and viewed hence Chandrapore appears to be a totally different place. It is a city of gardens. It is no city, but a forest sparsely scattered with huts. It is a tropical pleasaunce washed by a noble river. The toddy palms and neem trees and mangoes and pepul that were hidden behind the bazaars now become visible and in their turn hide the bazaars. They rise from the gardens where ancient tanks nourish them, they burst out of stifling purlieus and unconsidered temples. Seeking, light and air, and endowed with more strength than man or his works, they soar above the lower deposit to greet one another with branches and beckoning leaves, and to build a city for the birds. Especially after the rains do they screen what passes below, but at all times, even when scorched or leafless, they glorify the city to the English people who inhabit the rise, so that new-comers cannot believe it to be as meagre as it is described, and have to be driven down to acquire disillusionment. As for the civil station itself, it provokes no emotion. It charms not, neither does it repel. It is sensibly planned, with a red-brick club on its brow, and farther back a grocerā€™s and a cemetery, and the bungalows are disposed along roads that intersect at right angles. It has nothing hideous in it, and only the view is beautiful; it shares nothing with the city except the overarching sky.
The sky too has its changes, but they are less marked than those of the vegetation and the river. Clouds map it up at times, but it is normally a dome of blending tints, and the main tint blue. By day the blue will pale down into white where it touches the white of the land, after sunset it has a new circumferenceā€”orange, melting upwards into tenderest purple. But the core of blue persists, and so it is by night. Then the stars hang like lamps from the immense vault. The distance between the vault and them is as nothing to the distance behind them, and that farther distance, though beyond colour, last freed itself from blue.
The sky settles everythingā€”not only climates and seasons but when the earth shall be beautiful. By herself she can do littleā€”only feeble outbursts of flowers. But when the sky chooses, glory can rain into the Chandrapore bazaars or a benediction pass from horizon to horizon. The sky can do this because it is so strong and so enormous. Strength comes from the sun, infused in it daily, size from the prostrate earth. No mountains infringe on the curve. League after league the earth lies flat, heaves a little, is flat again. Only in the south, where a group of fists and fingers are thrust up through the soil, is the endless expanse interrupted. These fists and fingers are the Marabar Hills, containing the extraordinary caves.
CHAPTER II
Abandoning his bicycle, which fell before a servant could catch it, the young man sprang up on to the verandah. He was all animation. ā€œHamidullah, Hamidullah! am I late?ā€ he cried.
ā€œDo not apologize,ā€ said his host. ā€œYou are always late.ā€
ā€œKindly answer my question. Am I late? Has Mahmoud Ali eaten all the food? If so I go elsewhere. Mr. Mahmoud Ali, how are you?ā€
ā€œThank you, Dr. Aziz, I am dying.ā€
ā€œDying before your dinner? Oh, poor Mahmoud Ali!ā€
ā€œHamidullah here is actually dead. He passed away just as you rode up on your bike.ā€
ā€œYes, that is so,ā€ said the other. ā€œImagine us both as addressing you from another and a happier world.ā€
ā€œDoes there happen to be such a thing as a hookah in that happier world of yours?ā€
ā€œAziz, donā€™t chatter. We are having a very sad talk.ā€
The hookah had been packed too tight, as was usual in his friendā€™s house, and bubbled sulkily. He coaxed it. Yielding at last, the tobacco jetted up into his lungs and nostrils, driving out the smoke of burning cow dung that had filled them as he rode through the bazaar. It was delicious. He lay in a trance, sensuous but healthy, through which the talk of the two others did not seem particularly sadā€”they were discussing as to whether or no it is possible to be friends with an Englishman. Mahmoud Ali argued that it was not, Hamidullah disagreed, but with so many reservations that there was no friction between them. Delicious indeed to lie on the broad verandah with the moon rising in front and the servants preparing dinner behind, and no trouble happening.
ā€œWell, look at my own experience this morning.ā€
ā€œI only contend that it is possible in England,ā€ replied Hamidullah, who had been to that country long ago, before the big rush, and had received a cordial welcome at Cambridge.
ā€œIt is impossible here. Aziz! The red-nosed boy has again insulted me in Court. I do not blame him. He was told that he ought to insult me. Until lately he was quite a nice boy, but the others have got hold of him.ā€
ā€œYes, they have no chance here, that is my point. They come out intending to be gentlemen, and are told it will not do. Look at Lesley, look at Blakiston, now it is your red-nosed boy, and Fielding will go next. Why, I remember when Turton came out first. It was in another part of the Province. You fellows will not believe me, but I have driven with Turton in his carriageā€”Turton! Oh yes, we were once quite intimate. He has shown me his stamp collection.ā€
ā€œHe would expect you to steal it now. Turton! But red-nosed boy will be far worse than Turton!ā€
ā€œI do not think so. They all become exactly the same, not worse, not better. I give any Englishman two years, be he Turton or Burton. It is only the difference of a letter. And I give any Englishwoman six months. All are exactly alike. Do you not agree with me?ā€
ā€œI do not,ā€ replied Mahmoud Ali, entering into the bitter fun, and feeling both pain and amusement at each word that was uttered. ā€œFor my own part I find such profound differences among our rulers. Red-nose mumbles, Turton talks distinctly, Mrs. Turton takes bribes, Mrs. Red-nose does not and cannot, because so far there is no Mrs. Red-nose.ā€
ā€œBribes?ā€
ā€œDid you not know that when they were lent to Central India over a Canal Scheme, some Rajah or other gave her a sewing machine in solid gold so that the water should run through his state.ā€
ā€œAnd does it?ā€
ā€œNo, that is where Mrs. Turton is so skilful. When we poor blacks take bribes, we perform what we are bribed to perform, and the law discovers us in consequence. The English take and do nothing. I admire them.ā€
ā€œWe all admire them. Aziz, please pass me the hookah.ā€
ā€œOh, not yetā€”hookah is so jolly now.ā€
ā€œYou are a very selfish boy.ā€ He raised his voice suddenly, and shouted for dinner. Servants shouted back that it was ready. They meant that they wished it was ready, and were so understood, for nobody moved. Then Hamidullah continued, but with changed manner and evident emotion.
ā€œBut take my caseā€”the case of young Hugh Bannister. Here is the son of my dear, my dead friends, the Reverend and Mrs. Bannister, whose goodness to me in England I shall never forget or describe. They were father and mother to me, I talked to them as I do now. In the vacations their Rectory became my home. They entrusted all their children to meā€”I often carried little Hugh aboutā€”I took him up to the Funeral of Queen Victoria, and held him in my arms above the crowd.ā€
ā€œQueen Victoria was different,ā€ murmured Mahmoud Ali.
ā€œI learn now that this boy is in business as a leather merchant at Cawnpore. Imagine how I long to see him and to pay his fare that this house may be his home. But it is useless. The other Anglo-Indians will have got hold of him long ago. He will probably think that I want something, and I cannot face that from the son of my old friends. Oh, what in this country has gone wrong with everything, Vakil Sahib? I ask you.ā€
Aziz joined in. ā€œWhy talk about the English? Brrrr . . . ! Why be either friends with the fellows or not friends? Let us shut them out and be jolly. Queen Victoria and Mrs. Bannister were the only exceptions, and theyā€™re dead.ā€
ā€œNo, no, I do not admit that, I have met others.ā€
ā€œSo have I,ā€ said Mahmoud Ali, unexpectedly veering. ā€œAll ladies are far from alike.ā€ Their mood was changed, and they recalled little kindnesses and courtesies. ā€œShe said ā€˜Thank you so muchā€™ in the most natural way.ā€ ā€œShe offered me a lozenge when the dust irritated my throat.ā€ Hamidullah could remember more important examples of angelic ministration, but the other, who only knew Anglo-India, had to ransack his memory for scraps, and it was not surprising that he should return to ā€œBut of course all this is exceptional. The exception does not prove the rule. The average woman is like Mrs. Turton, and, Aziz, you know what she is.ā€ Aziz did not know, but said he did. He too generalized from his disappointmentsā€”it is difficult for members of a subject race to do otherwise. Granted the exceptions, he agreed that all Englishwomen are haughty and venal. The gleam passed from the conversation, whose wintry surface unrolled and expanded interminably.
A servant announced dinner. They ignored him. The elder men had reached their eternal politics, Aziz drifted into the garden. The trees smelt sweetā€”green-blossomed champakā€”and scraps of Persian poetry came into his head. Dinner, dinner, dinner . . . but when he returned to the house for it, Mahmoud Ali had drifted away in his turn, to speak to his sais. ā€œCome and see my wife a little then,ā€ said Hamidullah, and they spent twenty minutes behind the purdah. Hamidullah Begum was a distant aunt of Aziz, and the only female relative he had in Chandrapore, and she had much to say to him on this occasion about a family circumcision that had been celebrated with imperfect pomp. It was difficult to get away, because until they had had their dinner she would not begin hers, and consequently prolonged her remarks in case they should suppose she was impatient. Having censured the circumcision, she bethought her of kindred topics, and asked Aziz when he was going to be married.
Respectful but irritated, he answered, ā€œOnce is enough.ā€
ā€œYes, he has done his duty,ā€ said Hamidullah. ā€œDo not tease him so. He carries on his family, two boys and their sister.ā€
ā€œAunt, they live most comfortably with my wifeā€™s mother, where she was living when she died. I can see them whenever I like. They are such very, very small children.ā€
ā€œAnd he sends them the whole of his salary and lives like a low-grade clerk, and tells no one the reason. What more do you require him to do?ā€
But this was not Hamidullah Begumā€™s point, and having courteously changed the conversation for a few moments she returned and made it. She said, ā€œWhat is to become of all our daughters if men refuse to marry? They will marry beneath them, orā€”ā€”ā€ And she began the oft-told tale of a lady of Imperial descent who could find no husband in the narrow circle where her pride permitted her to mate, and had lived on unwed, her age now thirty, and would die unwed, for no one would have her now. While the tale was in progress, it convinced the two men, the tragedy seemed a slur on the whole community; better polygamy almost, than that a woman should die without the joys God has intended her to receive. Wedlock, motherhood, power in the houseā€”for what else is she born, and how can the man who has denied them to her stand up to face her creator and his own at the last day? Aziz took his leave saying ā€œPerhaps . . . but later . . .ā€ ā€”his invariable reply to such an appeal.
ā€œYou mustnā€™t put off what you think right,ā€ said Hamidullah. ā€œThat is why India is in such a plight, because we put off things.ā€ But seeing that his young relative looked worried, he added a few soothing words, and thus wiped out any impression that his wife might have made.
During their absence, Mahmoud Ali had gone off in his carriage leaving a message that he should be back in five minutes, but they were on no account to wait. They sat down to meat with a distant cousin of the house, Mohammed Latif, who lived on Hamidullahā€™s bounty and who occupied the position neither of a servant nor of an equal. He did not speak unless spoken to, and since no one spoke kept unoffended silence. Now and then he belched, in compliment to the richness of the food. A gentle, happy and dishonest old man; all his life he had never done a stroke of work. So long as some one of his relatives had a house he was sure of a home, and it was unlikely that so large a family would all go bankrupt. His wife led a similar existence some hundreds of miles awayā€”he did not visit her, owing to the expense of the railway ticket. Presently Aziz chaffed him, also the servants, and then began quoting poetry, Persian, Urdu, a little Arabic. His memory was good, and for so young a man he had read largely; the themes he preferred were the decay of Islam and the brevity of love. They listened delighted, for they took the public view of poetry, not the private which obtains in England. It never bored them to hear words, words; they breathed them with the cool night air, never stopping to analyse; the name of the poet, Hafiz, Hali, Iqbal, was sufficient guarantee. Indiaā€”a hundred Indiasā€”whispered outside beneath the indifferent moon, but for the time India seemed one and their own, and they regained their departed greatness by hearing its departure lamented, they felt young again because...

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