Control in Bioprocessing

Modeling, Estimation and the Use of Soft Sensors

Pablo A. López Pérez, Ricardo Aguilar López, Ricardo Femat

• Publisher: Wiley
• Year: 2020
• Print ISBN: 9781119295990
• eBook ISBN: 9781119296324
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• Subtopic: Chemical & Biochemical Engineering
• Index: Technology & Engineering

Closes the gap between bioscience and mathematics-based process engineering

This book presents the most commonly employed approaches in the control of bioprocesses. It discusses the role that control theory plays in understanding the mechanisms of cellular and metabolic processes, and presents key results in various fields such as dynamic modeling, dynamic properties of bioprocess models, software sensors designed for the online estimation of parameters and state variables, and control and supervision of bioprocesses

Control in Bioengineering and Bioprocessing: Modeling, Estimation and the Use of Sensors is divided into three sections. Part I, Mathematical preliminaries and overview of the control and monitoring of bioprocess, provides a general overview of the control and monitoring of bioprocesses, and introduces the mathematical framework necessary for the analysis and characterization of bioprocess dynamics. Part II, Observability and control concepts, presents the observability concepts which form the basis of design online estimation algorithms (software sensor) for bioprocesses, and reviews controllability of these concepts, including automatic feedback control systems. Part III, Software sensors and observer-based control schemes for bioprocesses, features six application cases including dynamic behavior of 3-dimensional continuous bioreactors; observability analysis applied to 2D and 3D bioreactors with inhibitory and non-inhibitory models; and regulation of a continuously stirred bioreactor via modeling error compensation.

• Applicable across all areas of bioprocess engineering, including food and beverages, biofuels and renewable energy, pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals, fermentation systems, product separation technologies, wastewater and solid-waste treatment technology, and bioremediation
• Provides a clear explanation of the mass-balance–based mathematical modelling of bioprocesses and the main tools for its dynamic analysis
• Offers industry-based applications on: myco-diesel for implementing "quality" of observability; developing a virtual sensor based on the Just-In-Time Model to monitor biological control systems; and virtual sensor design for state estimation in a photocatalytic bioreactor for hydrogen production

Control in Bioengineering and Bioprocessing is intended as a foundational text for graduate level students in bioengineering, as well as a reference text for researchers, engineers, and other practitioners interested in the field of estimation and control of bioprocesses.

Part I
Overview of the Control and Monitoring of Bioprocesses and Mathematical Preliminaries

1
Introduction

This chapter aims to develop in some detail the basis and concepts of the bioprocesses related to the control theory introduced in the basic principles of mathematical modeling in bioprocesses. From this viewpoint, the systems approach bioengineering and bioprocessing, with a current focus on the development of mathematical models and their analysis, which logically results in the control theory playing a relevant role in the understanding of the mechanisms of cellular and metabolic processes. It concerns specifically applications in modeling, estimation, and control of bioprocesses. Consequently, there are many exciting opportunities for control experts who want to shift their interest to bioprocesses.

1.1 Overview of the Control and Monitoring of Bioprocesses

1.1.1 Why Nonlinear Control in Bioprocesses?

Nowadays, many proteins and metabolites are produced by genetically modified microorganisms applied to bioprocesses. Since the physical, biochemical, and genetic properties of the bacterium Escherichia coli are the best known, it is the most generic host microorganism used for the production of bio-products.

The success of this process is ensured by appropriate control of the feeding rate. In other words, under-feeding causes productivity loss and starvation whereas over-feeding leads to carbon nutrient accumulation or by-product formation, such as acetate [1, 2].

Current bioprocess control technology and opportunities include biotherapeutics, specialty chemicals, and reagents such as diagnostics, biochemicals for research, and enzymes for the food and consumer markets.

Products and services that depend on bioprocessing can be grouped broadly into antibiotics, therapeutic proteins, polysaccharides, vaccines and diagnostics, value-added food, and agricultural products, as well as fuels, specialty products and industrial chemicals, and fibers from renewable resources (see Figure 1.1) [13].

Of course, any bioprocess may be considered as a system, being built up of large numbers of individual organisms or cells, each of which may show a far simpler b...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• Part I: Overview of the Control and Monitoring of Bioprocesses and Mathematical Preliminaries
• Part II: Observability and Control Concepts
• Part III: Software Sensors and Observer-Based Control Schemes for Bioprocess
• Index
• End User License Agreement