Germany and Europe

Political Tendencies From Frederick the Great to Hitler

F. Darmstaedter

• Publisher: Routledge
• Year: 2019
• Print ISBN:
  9780367230555
• eBook ISBN:
  9781000008425
• Topic: Storia
• Subtopic: Business generale

Originally published in 1945, at a time when feelings against the German people were running high, this book is as much a revealing insight into the psyche of the Germans as it is a history of Germany from the late 18th century to the end of WWII. The author firmly believed that a path of reconciliation and a peaceful future for relations with Germany could only be achieved by understanding key episodes from the country's past.

LIST OF PERSONS AND DATES

ALGAROTTI, FRANCESCO CONTE, 1712–1764: distinguished Venetian writer and connoisseur; 1740 joined the court of Frederick the Great.

ARGENS, JEAN BAPTISTE MARQUIS D’, 1704–1771: illustrious French litterateur; 1744 joined the court of Frederick the Great.

ARISTOGEITON: a young Athenian who together with his friend Harmodius, about 514 B.C. attacked the Athenian tyrants Hippias and Hipparchus and therefore was put to death.

ARNDT, ERNST MORITZ, 1769–1860: German poet and political writer; 1806 invoked German national spirit against Napoleon; 1819 insisted on constitutional reforms and therefore lost his university chair; 1848 member of Frankfurt National Assembly.

AUGUSTINE (AURELIUS AUGUSTINUS), 354–430: from 396 Bishop of Hippo; the most illustrious Latin Father of the Church; his greatest work is De Civitate Dei.

BACH, JOHANN SEBASTIAN, 1685–1750: famous German composer and organist; his musical production embraces almost every variety of sacred and secular music.

BAUR, FERDINAND CHRISTIAN, 1792–1860: Protestant theologian of far-reaching influence; founder of the Tübingen School of Theology.

BEETHOVEN, LUDWIG VAN, 1770–1827: great German composer of Dutch extraction; works: nine symphonies, the opera ‘Fidelio’, many other musical pieces.

BERNHARDI, FRIEDRICH VON, 1849–1930: Prussian officer and writer; head of the military history department of the General Staff in Berlin; his chief book, Deutschland und der nächste Krieg, 1912.

BETHMANN-HOLLWEG, THEOBALD VON, 1856–1921: German Riechskanzler 1909–1917; published Betrachtungen über den Weltkrieg, 1919.

BEUTH, PETER CHRISTIAN WILHELM, 1781–1853: Prussian state official; from 1818 member of the Prussian Council of State; mainly responsible for the development of Prussian manufacture after the Wars of Liberation.

BISMARCK, PRINCE OTTO EDUARD LEOPOLD VON, 1815–1898: 1862 Prussian Prime Minister; politically prepared the Prussian conquest of Schleswig and Holstein, 1864; the war against Austria, 1866; and the war against France, 1870; was responsible for the organization of the North-German Confederacy, 1867; and of the German Reich, 1871, whose first Reichskanzler he was from 1871–1890.

BISSCHOP, WILLEMROOSEGAARDE, 1866–1944: a Dutchman; from 1897 living in England; a famous jurist in international law.

BLUCHER, PRINCE GERHARD LEBRECHT VON, 1742–1819: Prussian field-marshal; 1813 C-in-C of the allied Russian and Prussian armies against Napoleon; 1815 of the Prussian army against the same.

BLUM, ROBERT, 1807–1848: German democratic politician; 1848 member of the Frankfurt National Assembly, as such sent to Vienna in order to instigate the revolutionary movement; arrested and court-martialled.

BODIN, JEAN, 1530–1596: celebrated French political writer; published 1576 the work De republica in which he defended the idea of sovereignty.

BÖHMER, JOHANNES FRIEDRICH, 1795–1865: German historian; editor of Fontes Rerum Germanicarum, 1843–1853.

BÖRNE, LUDWIG, 1786–1837: famous German journalist, critic, and politician, especially noted for his Briefe aus Paris.

BOULANGER, GEORGES ERNEST JEAN MARIE, 1837–1891: French general; 1886–1887 minister of war; champion of the idea of revenge for 1870; dismissed from the army; became parliamentarian; persecuted, fled the country and shot himself.

BRENTANO, LUJO, 1844–1931: German economist; from 1891 professor in Munich; authority on modern Workmen’s Association, received the Nobel Prize 1927.

BUNSEN, ROBERT WILHELM EBERHARD VON, 1811–1899: distinguished German chemist; most notable are his studies on electrolysis and on the solar spectrum in company with Kirchhoff.

CALVIN, JEAN, 1509–1564: illustrious Swiss divine and church reformer, who ruled Genevese church and government alike.

CATILINA, LUCIUS SERGIUS, 108–62 B.C.: Roman demagogue and conspirator. Attacked by the orator Cicero, then defeated by Antonius, fell in the battle against the latter.

CAVOUR, CAMILLO BENSO CONTE, 1810–1861: Italian statesman who is mainly responsible for the liberation and unification of modern Italy.

CHAMBERLIAN, HOUSTON STEWART, 1855–1926: English born German writer; strongly anti-British and anti-Semite; extolled German institutions.

CLASS, HEINRICH, 1866– : German lawyer, writer, and reactionary politician; his Deutsche Geschichte appeared 1908.

CLAUSEWITZ, KARL VON, 1780–1831: Prussian general and military writer; in Vom Kriege, 1832, he gave a renowned exposition of the philosophy of war.

CLOOTS, JEAN BAPTISTE BARON VON, 1755–1794: a Prussian of Dutch origin, became a resident of Paris and a fanatical partisan of the French Revolution.

CONSALVI, ERCOLE, 1757–1824: Cardinal and an eminent Italian statesman in the service of the Pope; defending an enlightened and humane policy.

COTTA, JOHANN FRIEDRICH BARON VON, 1764–1832: publisher of Goethe and Schiller, founded the Allgemeine Zeitung at Tübingen in 1793.

CREUZER, (GEORG) FRIEDRICH, 1771–1858: learned and ingenious German philologist and antiquary; from 1804 professor at Heidelberg.

DIEHL, KARL, 1864– : important German economist; from 1908 professor at Freiburg i.B.

DIETZGEN, JOSEF, 1828–1888: autodidact in philosophy; published several philosophical works.

DILTHEY, WILHELM, 1833–1911: German philosopher and historian; from 1882 professor in Berlin; a supporter of positive Idealism.

DROSTE-VISCHERING, CLEMENS AUGUST BARON VON, 1773–1845: German Roman Catholic divine; from 1835 Archbishop of Cologne.

DROYSEN, JOHANN GUSTAV, 1808–1884: German historian; from 1851 professor at Jena; his most important work Geschichte der Preussischen Politik appeared 1855–1876.

DUBOIS-RAYMOND, EMIL HEINRICH, 1818–1896: from 1858 professor of physiology in Berlin.

DÜHRING, EUGEN KARL, 1833–1901: German philosopher and political eco...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Original Title Page
• Original Copyright Page
• Preface
• Contents
• Introduction: Parliamentary State and Power State
• I. Germany’s Entry into World Politics: 1750–1914
• II. Absolutism and Democracy: 1750–1790
• III. Humanity and Nationalism: 1790–1820
• IV. Legitimacy and Liberty: 1820–1850
• V. Military Obedience and Civic Courage: 1850–1875
• VI. Love of Peace and Preparation for War: 1875–1914
• VII. A Man and a Book: 1848–1878
• VIII. Revolutionaries and Social Pensioners: 1868–1914
• IX. The Will to Education and the Class Struggle: 1800–1918
• X. Politics and History: 1750–1914
• XI. State and Church: 1815–1880
• XII. Right and Might
• XIII. The Sovereignty of the People and the Unity of the State: 1918–1920
• XIV. A Glance Behind and a Glance Forward
• List of Persons and Dates