The Carpenter's and Joiner's Hand-Book - Containing a Complete Treatise on Framing Hip and Valley Roofs

F. Reinnel

• Publisher: Old Hand Books
• Year: 2020
• Print ISBN: 9781528709842
• eBook ISBN: 9781528768023
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• Subtopic: Civil Engineering
• Index: Technology & Engineering

First published in 1863, this book contains a classic guide to carpentry and joinery. Carpentry refers to the skilled trade in which the primary work performed is the cutting, shaping and installation of wood; and joinery is the collective term for the wooden components of a building. This fantastic volume will appeal to those with an interest in wood work, and constitutes a must-have addition to serious DIY collections. Contents include: "To Find the Lengths and Bevels of Hip and Common Rafters", "To Find the Lengths of the Jacks", "To Find the Backing of the Hip", "Where to Take the Length of Rafters", "Difference between Hip and Valley Roof", etc. Many vintage books such as this are increasingly scarce and expensive. It is with this in mind that we are republishing this classic volume now in an affordable, modern, high-quality edition complete with a specially-commissioned new introduction on wood finishing.

THE CARPENTER’S AND JOINER’S

HAND-BOOK.

HIP AND VALLEY ROOFS.

THE framing of hip and valley roofs, being of a different nature from common square rule framing, seems to be understood by very few. It need scarcely be said, that it is very desirable that this important part of a carpenter’s work should be familiar to every one who expects to be rated as a first-class workman. The system here shown is proved, by an experience of several years, to be perfectly correct and practicable; and, as it is simple and easily understood, it is believed to be the best in use. Care has been taken to extend the plates so as to demonstrate each position or principle by it self, so that the inconvenience and confusion of many lines and letters mixed up with each other may be avoided.

ARTICLE 1.—To find the lengths and bevels of hip and common rafters.

Fig. 1.

Let p p p (Fig. 1) represent the face of the plates of the building; d, the deck-frame:

is the seat of the hip-rafter; b, of the jack; and c, of the common rafter. Set the rise of the roof from the ends of the hip and common rafter towards e e, square from a and c; connect f and e, then the line from f to e will be the length of the hip and common rafter, and the angles at e e will be the down bevels of the same.

2. To find the length and bevel of the jack-rafters.

b (Fig. 1) is the seat of a jack-rafter. Set the length of the hip from the corner, g, to the line on the face of the deck-frame, and join it to the point at g. Extend the jack b to meet this line at h; then from i to h will be the length of the jack-rafter, and the angle at h will be the top bevel of the same.

The length of all the jacks is found in the same way, by extending them to meet the line h. The down bevel of the jacks is the same as that of the common rafter at e.

3. To find the backing of the hip-rafter.

At any point on the seat of the hip, a (Fig. 1), draw a line at right angles to a, extending to the face of the plates at k k; upon the points where the lines cross, draw the half circle, just touching the line f e; connect the point at j, where the half circle cuts the line a, with the points k k; the angle formed at j will be the proper backing of the hip-rafter.

It is not worth while to back the hip-rafter unless the roof is one-quarter pitch or more.

4. It is always desirable to have the hip-rafters on a mitre line, so that the roof will all be the same pitch; but when for some reason this cannot be done, the same rule is employed, but the jacks on each side of the hip are different lengths and bevels.

Fig. 2.

The heavy line from d (Fig. 2), shows the seat of the hip-rafter; a and b, the jacks. Set the rise of the roof at e; set the length of the hip d e, from d to f on one side of the deck, and from d to g on the other side; extend the jack b, and all the jacks on that side, to the line d f, for the length and top bevels; extend the jack a, and all on that side, to the line d g, for the length and bevels on that side of the hip. The down bevels of the jacks will be the same as that of the common rafters on the same side of the roof.

5. The lengths of hips, jacks, and valley-rafters should be taken on the centre line, and the thickness or half thickness allowed for. (See Fig. 3.)

Fig. 3.

6. The valley-roof is the same as the hip-roof inverted. The principle of construction is the same, with a little different application.

Fig. 4.

Let a b (Fig. 4) represent the valley-rafter; j j are corresponding jack-rafters. Set the rise of the roof from a to c; connect b and c: from b to c is the length of the valley-rafter, and the angle at c the bevel of the same; set the length b c on the line from a; extend the jack j to me...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title
• Copyright
• Woodworking
• Preface.
• Contents.
• 1 To find the lengths and bevels of hip and common rafters