Modern Applications of Plant Biotechnology in Pharmaceutical Sciences

Saurabh Bhatia, Kiran Sharma, Randhir Dahiya, Tanmoy Bera

• Publisher: Academic Press
• Year: 2015
• Print ISBN: 9780128022214
• eBook ISBN: 9780128024980
• Topic: Medicine
• Subtopic: Pharmacology

Modern Applications of Plant Biotechnology in Pharmaceutical Sciences explores advanced techniques in plant biotechnology, their applications to pharmaceutical sciences, and how these methods can lead to more effective, safe, and affordable drugs. The book covers modern approaches in a practical, step-by-step manner, and includes illustrations, examples, and case studies to enhance understanding. Key topics include plant-made pharmaceuticals, classical and non-classical techniques for secondary metabolite production in plant cell culture and their relevance to pharmaceutical science, edible vaccines, novel delivery systems for plant-based products, international industry regulatory guidelines, and more. Readers will find the book to be a comprehensive and valuable resource for the study of modern plant biotechnology approaches and their pharmaceutical applications. - Builds upon the basic concepts of cell and plant tissue culture and recombinant DNA technology to better illustrate the modern and potential applications of plant biotechnology to the pharmaceutical sciences - Provides detailed yet practical coverage of complex techniques, such as micropropogation, gene transfer, and biosynthesis - Examines critical issues of international importance and offers real-life examples and potential solutions

Chapter 1

History and Scope of Plant Biotechnology

Saurabh Bhatia

Abstract

Biotechnology explores the metabolic properties of living organisms for the production of valuable products of a very different structural and organizational level. Plant serves as an important source of primary and secondary metabolites used in pharmacy, biotechnology, and food technology. Plant biotechnology has gained importance in the recent past for augmenting the quality and quantity of agricultural, horticultural, ornamental plants, and in manipulating the plants for improved agronomic performance. Plant tissue culture is the most popular technique of plant biotechnology, which has diverse applications in the various fields. To understand the basic facts related with plant in vitro studies it is worth acknowledging historical principles of plant tissue culture science, which takes its roots from ground-breaking research like discovery of cells followed by the propounding of cell theory. This chapter covers various major historical achievements such as the concept of cellular totipotency, which was inherent in cell theory and was further elaborated by Haberlandt in 1902. This historical account created the scope and development for plant tissue culture science such as research and production of transgenic plants and their products, which could be of use to mankind as food, medicine, and life-saving drugs.

Keywords

history

scope

plant tissue culture

biotechnology

Outline

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 History of Plant Biotechnology 4

1.2.1 Cell Theory 4

1.2.2 Concept of In Vitro Cell Culture 4

1.2.2.1 Totipotency of Plant Cells 10

1.2.2.2 Improvement in Quality of Media 11

1.2.2.3 Development of Plant Growth Regulators 11

1.2.2.4 Emergence of Certain Standard Synthetic Media 12

1.2.2.5 Cell Suspension Culture and Plating Technique 12

1.2.2.6 Somatic Hybrid and Somatic Embryos 13

1.2.2.7 Test Tube Fertilization 13

1.2.2.8 Period Between the 1940s and the 1960s 14

1.2.2.9 From the 1970s to the 1980s 14

1.2.2.10 Historical Research on Tobacco 14

1.2.2.11 After the 1990s...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• About the Lead Author
• Preface
• Chapter 1: History and Scope of Plant Biotechnology
• Chapter 2: Plant Tissue Culture
• Chapter 3: Laboratory Organization
• Chapter 4: Concepts and Techniques of Plant Tissue Culture Science
• Chapter 5: Application of Plant Biotechnology
• Chapter 6: Somatic Embryogenesis and Organogenesis
• Chapter 7: Classical and Nonclassical Techniques for Secondary Metabolite Production in Plant Cell Culture
• Chapter 8: Plant-Based Biotechnological Products With Their Production Host, Modes of Delivery Systems, and Stability Testing
• Chapter 9: Edible Vaccines
• Chapter 10: Microenvironmentation in Micropropagation
• Chapter 11: Micropropagation
• Chapter 12: Laws in Plant Biotechnology
• Chapter 13: Technical Glitches in Micropropagation
• Chapter 14: Plant Tissue Culture-Based Industries
• Subject Index