The Johnstone Triangle

The Key to Understanding Chemistry

Norman Reid

• Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
• Year: 2021
• eBook ISBN: 9781839163678
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Education
• Subtopic: Professional Development

Chemistry is often seen as a difficult subject to understand. This book focusses on the triangle model that Alex H. Johnstone developed in the early 1980s. Originally conceived in the context of making chemistry more accessible to a wider range of learners, the model has been applied in almost every area of education in chemistry at all stages of learning.
In looking at why chemistry is difficult, there are two central questions. Firstly, does the problem relate to the nature of chemistry and, secondly, does it relate to the way humans gain understanding? Both were found to be important and the answers to the two question were found to be connected.
The triangle model arose from sustained research into human learning. The central finding from research is the critical role of working memory and the model rationalises so much evidence from chemistry education research as well as the repeated experiences of teachers of chemistry at all levels. In order to understand chemistry, it is essential to develop sound mental models of molecular reality.It generates major implications for the way a chemistry curriculum should be constructed and the processes of teaching and learning in chemistry when the goal is focussed on understanding the key ideas. Some of these implications are developed and pointers offered to more successful ways forward.
The power of the Johnstone Triangle lies in the way it offers clear directions for all involved in chemistry education. It is hoped that this book will prove helpful to all involved in sharing the exciting story of the way humans have come to understand the molecular world, one of the great examples of great human endeavour.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title
• Copyright
• Preface
• Acknowledegments
• Dedication
• The Author
• Contents
• Chapter 1 The Working Memory Story: Why Is It Difficult to Understand Chemistry?
• Chapter 2 The Central Role of Working Memory: How We Handle Information
• Chapter 3 Johnstone's Triangle: Why Chemistry Is Difficult
• Chapter 4 Johnstone's Triangle and the Curriculum: Making Chemistry Accessible
• Chapter 5 Johnstone's Triangle and the Learning Process: Making Understanding Accessible
• Chapter 6 Releasing Understanding: Three Broad Approaches to Teaching
• Chapter 7 Tips and Tricks: Practical Ways to Develop Teaching
• Chapter 8 Bringing It Together: The Model and Chemistry Teaching and Learning
• Subject Index