From Edessa to Urfa: The Fortification of the Citadel
eBook - PDF

From Edessa to Urfa: The Fortification of the Citadel

  1. 270 pages
  2. English
  3. PDF
  4. Available on iOS & Android
eBook - PDF

From Edessa to Urfa: The Fortification of the Citadel

About this book

From Edessa to Urfa: the Fortification of the Citadel is the outcome of an archaeological research project focused on a specific monumental area in the city of Urfa: its citadel. Urfa is better known to the general reader by its ancient name, Edessa. Three seasons of fieldwork were carried out (2014-2016), concentrating on the study of the evidence preserved above ground and employing the methods of stratigraphic analysis to identify the building sequence of the citadel and to characterise the various building phases. Transformation of the relative sequence into absolute chronology depended primarily on inscriptions in situ, but also on typological elements (masonry type, decorative elements, specific architectural forms). Data from the written sources also contributed relevant information regarding the development of the fortification works and the establishment of an absolute sequence.

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Yes, you can access From Edessa to Urfa: The Fortification of the Citadel by Cristina Tonghini in PDF and/or ePUB format, as well as other popular books in Social Sciences & Archaeology. We have over one million books available in our catalogue for you to explore.

Table of contents

  1. Cover
  2. Title Page
  3. Copyright page
  4. Contents Page
  5. Acknowledgements
  6. Conventions
  7. Credits
  8. Abstract
  9. Özet
  10. Chapter 1
  11. Introduction
  12. Part 1
  13. The fortification of the citadel: the written sources
  14. Chapter 2
  15. Edessa and its fortifications in Byzantine times (6th-11th centuries)
  16. Chapter 3
  17. The citadels and the city walls in the Syriac sources
  18. Chapter 4
  19. Edessa in Armenian sources
  20. Chapter 5
  21. The citadel of al-Ruhā’ in the Arabic sources: an overview
  22. Chapter 6
  23. The fortifications of Edessa in medieval Latin sources
  24. Chapter 7
  25. Ruhā in the Persian sources: an elusive presence
  26. Chapter 8
  27. The citadel of Urfa in the Ottoman written sources
  28. Part 2
  29. The inscriptions from the citadel
  30. Chapter 9
  31. Notes on some Greek inscriptions from Edessa
  32. Chapter 10
  33. The Arabic inscriptions of the citadel of al-Ruhā’ (Urfa/Şanlıurfa)
  34. Part 3
  35. The Fortification of the Citadel: the Material Evidence
  36. The archaeological analysis
  37. Chapter 11
  38. The material evidence: Period 1 (post 3rd-6th centuries?)
  39. Chapter 12
  40. The material evidence: Period 2 (post 6th-11th centuries?)
  41. Chapter 13
  42. The material evidence: Period 3 (late 11th-12th centuries?)
  43. Chapter 14
  44. The material evidence: Period 4 (13th-14th centuries)
  45. Chapter 15
  46. The material evidence: Period 5 (15th century)
  47. Chapter 16
  48. The material evidence: Period 6 (16th century)
  49. Chapter 17
  50. The material evidence: Period 7 (17th century)
  51. Chapter 18
  52. The material evidence: Periods 8 (18th-19th centuries) and 9 (post Ottoman to the present)
  53. Chapter 19
  54. The masonry typology
  55. Chapter 20
  56. Conclusions
  57. Plates
  58. Appendix
  59. Bibliography
  60. Back cover