From Edessa to Urfa: The Fortification of the Citadel
eBook - PDF

From Edessa to Urfa: The Fortification of the Citadel

  1. 270 pages
  2. English
  3. PDF
  4. Available on iOS & Android
eBook - PDF

From Edessa to Urfa: The Fortification of the Citadel

About this book

From Edessa to Urfa: the Fortification of the Citadel is the outcome of an archaeological research project focused on a specific monumental area in the city of Urfa: its citadel. Urfa is better known to the general reader by its ancient name, Edessa. Three seasons of fieldwork were carried out (2014-2016), concentrating on the study of the evidence preserved above ground and employing the methods of stratigraphic analysis to identify the building sequence of the citadel and to characterise the various building phases. Transformation of the relative sequence into absolute chronology depended primarily on inscriptions in situ, but also on typological elements (masonry type, decorative elements, specific architectural forms). Data from the written sources also contributed relevant information regarding the development of the fortification works and the establishment of an absolute sequence.

Trusted by 375,005 students

Access to over 1.5 million titles for a fair monthly price.

Study more efficiently using our study tools.

Information

Publisher
Archaeopress Archaeology
Year
2021
Topic
Social Sciences
eBook ISBN
9781789697575
Subtopic
Archaeology
Index
Social Sciences

Table of contents

  1. Cover
  2. Title Page
  3. Copyright page
  4. Contents Page
  5. Acknowledgements
  6. Conventions
  7. Credits
  8. Abstract
  9. Özet
  10. Chapter 1
  11. Introduction
  12. Part 1
  13. The fortification of the citadel: the written sources
  14. Chapter 2
  15. Edessa and its fortifications in Byzantine times (6th-11th centuries)
  16. Chapter 3
  17. The citadels and the city walls in the Syriac sources
  18. Chapter 4
  19. Edessa in Armenian sources
  20. Chapter 5
  21. The citadel of al-Ruhā’ in the Arabic sources: an overview
  22. Chapter 6
  23. The fortifications of Edessa in medieval Latin sources
  24. Chapter 7
  25. Ruhā in the Persian sources: an elusive presence
  26. Chapter 8
  27. The citadel of Urfa in the Ottoman written sources
  28. Part 2
  29. The inscriptions from the citadel
  30. Chapter 9
  31. Notes on some Greek inscriptions from Edessa
  32. Chapter 10
  33. The Arabic inscriptions of the citadel of al-Ruhā’ (Urfa/Şanlıurfa)
  34. Part 3
  35. The Fortification of the Citadel: the Material Evidence
  36. The archaeological analysis
  37. Chapter 11
  38. The material evidence: Period 1 (post 3rd-6th centuries?)
  39. Chapter 12
  40. The material evidence: Period 2 (post 6th-11th centuries?)
  41. Chapter 13
  42. The material evidence: Period 3 (late 11th-12th centuries?)
  43. Chapter 14
  44. The material evidence: Period 4 (13th-14th centuries)
  45. Chapter 15
  46. The material evidence: Period 5 (15th century)
  47. Chapter 16
  48. The material evidence: Period 6 (16th century)
  49. Chapter 17
  50. The material evidence: Period 7 (17th century)
  51. Chapter 18
  52. The material evidence: Periods 8 (18th-19th centuries) and 9 (post Ottoman to the present)
  53. Chapter 19
  54. The masonry typology
  55. Chapter 20
  56. Conclusions
  57. Plates
  58. Appendix
  59. Bibliography
  60. Back cover

Frequently asked questions

Yes, you can cancel anytime from the Subscription tab in your account settings on the Perlego website. Your subscription will stay active until the end of your current billing period. Learn how to cancel your subscription
No, books cannot be downloaded as external files, such as PDFs, for use outside of Perlego. However, you can download books within the Perlego app for offline reading on mobile or tablet. Learn how to download books offline
Perlego offers two plans: Essential and Complete
  • Essential is ideal for learners and professionals who enjoy exploring a wide range of subjects. Access the Essential Library with 800,000+ trusted titles and best-sellers across business, personal growth, and the humanities. Includes unlimited reading time and Standard Read Aloud voice.
  • Complete: Perfect for advanced learners and researchers needing full, unrestricted access. Unlock 1.5M+ books across hundreds of subjects, including academic and specialized titles. The Complete Plan also includes advanced features like Premium Read Aloud and Research Assistant.
Both plans are available with monthly, semester, or annual billing cycles.
We are an online textbook subscription service, where you can get access to an entire online library for less than the price of a single book per month. With over 1.5 million books across 990+ topics, we’ve got you covered! Learn about our mission
Look out for the read-aloud symbol on your next book to see if you can listen to it. The read-aloud tool reads text aloud for you, highlighting the text as it is being read. You can pause it, speed it up and slow it down. Learn more about Read Aloud
Yes! You can use the Perlego app on both iOS and Android devices to read anytime, anywhere — even offline. Perfect for commutes or when you’re on the go.
Please note we cannot support devices running on iOS 13 and Android 7 or earlier. Learn more about using the app
Yes, you can access From Edessa to Urfa: The Fortification of the Citadel by Cristina Tonghini in PDF and/or ePUB format, as well as other popular books in Social Sciences & Archaeology. We have over 1.5 million books available in our catalogue for you to explore.