Handbook of Assisted and Amendment-Enhanced Sustainable Remediation Technology

Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad

• Publisher: Wiley
• Year: 2021
• Print ISBN: 9781119670360
• eBook ISBN: 9781119670384
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Physical Sciences
• Subtopic: Organic Chemistry

Learn more about phytoremediation technology with this state-of-the-art resource from an internationally recognized editor and leader in his field

The Handbook of Assisted and Amendment-Enhanced Sustainable Remediation Technology discusses sustainable approaches to the removal of contaminants from the environment or the reduction of their toxicity. The distinguished editor has included resources from an internationally recognized group of academics who discuss strategies to increase the effectiveness of phytoremediation.

Special attention is paid to the use of organic amendments to facilitate soil cleanup and the growth of phytoremediation plants. The book includes discussions of new remediation technologies, global trends in the environmental remediation industry, and the future challenges and opportunities likely to arise in the short and long term.

The Handbook of Assisted and Amendment-Enhanced Sustainable Remediation Technology provides a compelling case for the cost-effectiveness, aesthetics, and minimal environmental disturbance of phytoremediation. Topics covered include:

• A discussion of activated carbon from lignin, particularly its use as a sorbent for in situ remediation of contaminated sediments
• An exploration of fresh and mature organic amendments for phytoremediation of technosols contaminated with high concentrations of trace elements
• An examination of the revitalization of metal-contaminated, EDTA-washed soil by addition of unpolluted soil, compost, and biochar
• A treatment of wheat straw biochar amendments on the removal of polycyclic aromatichydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated soil

Perfect for environmental engineers, environmental scientists, geologists, chemical engineers, and landscape engineers, Handbook of Assisted and Amendment-Enhanced Sustainable Remediation Technology is also an indispensable reference for scientists working in the green chemistry and technology industries, biochemical engineers, environmental regulators, and policy makers.

Part I
Global Scenario of Remediation and Combined Clean Biofuel Production

1
Global Remediation Industry and Trends

Majeti Narasimha Vara Prasad¹, Lander de Jesus Alves^2,3, and Fábio Carvalho Nunes^4,5

¹ School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Central University, P.O., Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

² State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil

³ Postgraduate Program in Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, Campus Soane Nazaré de Andrade ‐ Rod., Jorge Amado, km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil

⁴ Federal Institute Baiano (IFBAIANO), Santa Inês, Bahia, Brazil

⁵ Academic Department, Campus Santa Inês, Km 73 da BR 420 (Rodovia Santa Inês – Ubaíra), Zona Rural, Santa Inês, BA, Brazil

1.1 Introduction

New challenges are launched daily for humanity and, with them, opportunities to abandon speculation and implement innovative solutions are also revealed, even for the oldest problems. In this way, thinking about life and living thought [1] is presented as an imperative in building a healthier environment, since the bases for the sustainable development of the global industry have long been thought of [2–5].

The globalization of human environmental impact is now a flagrant reality. Almost 30 years after the Second United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (RIO‐92), an abrupt and forced reduction in trade and global industry due to the COVID‐19 pandemic allowed for a significant reduction in pollution in different trade and development centers on the planet [6–8]. Although this situation signals the importance of sectors such as legal regulation, environmental consultancy, and industry to invest in the adoption of sustainable pollution remediation and control practices, it is necessary, above all, that research‐oriented sectors also act to translate the particular socio environmental complexity of the different parts of the globe in affirmative propositions that favor the balance of the system [2,9,10].

In this scenario developed nations have allocated large funds for the remediation of contaminated sites (usually through a combination of taxpayer and polluter money). Meanwhile the developing, or BRICS nations, proceed with their planning with insufficient funds. The great diversity of industrial development scenarios on the planet, together with the intricate network of interactions that connects individuals, society, and the environment leads the industry's impacts to manifest themselves in different ways on the planet, as well as remediation strategies exhibiting different degrees of success. Thus, remediation strategies must consider a flexible and resilient approach, which incorporates a duration compatible with the life cycle of the project to be remedied and which minimizes the use of resources, making it sustainable [9,11,12].

1.1.1 Rise of Phytoremediation

Phytoremediation has been increasingly adapted as a sustainable approach to the remediation of contaminated areas. Although there were already studies that addressed the ability of plants to absorb inorganic elements from the substrates where they developed, or even to tolerate high concentrations of these elements, since the 1970s and 1980s ([13]; Tweaylor and Crowder, [14]), studies related to phytoremediation only began to gain breadth in the 1990s (Figure 1.1). As one of the main reasons for the increase in studies related to phytoremediation, we highlight the expansion of international commissions, conferences, and meetings for sustainable development in the decade, especially after RIO‐92.

Figure 1.1 Temporal evolution (1993–2019) in the number of articles, reviews, conferences, and books published in international journals that used the term “phytoremediation.”

Source: Scopus (2020).

Still in 1999, [15] pointed out phytoremediation as a tool in rapid development for application in several developing countries, and it could expand beyond the United States to serve sectors of the extractive and production industry worldwide. Currently, China, United States, India, Spain, and Italy are the countries that st...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Table of Contents
• Title Page
• Copyright
• List of Contributors
• Preface
• Part I: Global Scenario of Remediation and Combined Clean Biofuel Production
• Part II: Biochar‐Based Soil and Water Remediation
• Part III: Organic Amendments Use in Remediation
• Part IV: Advanced Technologies for Remediation of Inorganics and Organics
• Part V: Microbe and Plant Assisted Remediation of Inorganics and Organics
• Part VI: Nanoscience in Remediation
• Index
• End User License Agreement