Advances in Organic Synthesis: Volume 14

Atta-ur-Rahman

• Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
• Year: 2021
• ISBN:
  9789811803741
• Topic: Physical Sciences
• Subtopic: Organic Chemistry

Advances in Organic Synthesis is a book series devoted to the latest advances in synthetic approaches towards challenging structures. The series presents comprehensive reviews written by eminent authorities on different synthetic approaches to selected target molecules and new methods developed to achieve specific synthetic transformations or optimal product yields. Advances in Organic Synthesis is essential for all organic chemists in academia and the industry who wish to keep abreast of rapid and important developments in the field. This volume presents the following chapters: - "On Water" And "In Water" Strategies for Heterocyclic Transformations- Ionic Liquid Based Polyoxometalates as Functionalized Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials for Catalytic Organic Reactions- Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Bio-Applications of some Oxygen and Sulphur Containing Seven Membered Heterocyclic Compounds- Application of Nitriles on the Synthesis of 5-Membered Azaheterocycles: An Update from 2014 To 2020- The Role of Carbon-Based Solid Acid Catalysts in Organic Synthesis

Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Bio-applications of Some Oxygen and Sulphur Containing Seven Membered Heterocyclic Compounds

Sonali Garg¹, Manvinder Kaur¹, Dharambeer S. Malhi¹, Harvinder S. Sohal^{1, *}, Ajay Sharma¹

¹ Medicinal and Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Gharuan-140413, Mohali, Punjab, India

Abstract

Most of the heterocyclic compounds are pharmaceutically active and have numerous applications in various industries. Rigorous effects have been done and still going on in the search for more dynamic and advantageous compounds. Many researchers have focused their work on the synthesis of lower member heterocyclic compounds. However, not many efforts have been made for the higher membered compounds, though having equipotency. The aim of the current study is to collect and document the data available in the seven-membered heterocyclic compounds i.e. oxepin and thiepine compounds. The present study includes natural sources, drugs, synthetic methods, reactions, and biological activities of these compounds and their derivatives. Various seven-membered heterocyclic compounds have been synthesized via Friedel-craft Cyclization, Ullmann cross-coupling, Sonogashira coupling, and etc. However, biological potencies have still not been explored much by the researchers. This encouraged us to write this book chapter, as it has too much scope for future research.

Keywords: Anti-fungal, Bauhinia purpurea, Bauhinia variegata, Benzothiepine, Benzoxepin, C-O coupling, C-S coupling, Dibenzoxocinone, Dibenzoxepinone, Friedel-craft Cyclization, Intermolecular Cyclization, Intramolecular Cyclization, Juncus effuses, Michel Addition, Oxepine, Ptaeroxylin, Pterulinic acid, Sonogashira coupling, Thiepine, Ullmann cross-coupling.

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^* Corresponding author Harvinder S. Sohal: Medicinal and Natural Product Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Gharuan-140413, Mohali, Punjab, India; E-mail: [email protected]

INTRODUCTION TO O & S CONTAINING SEVEN MEMBER HETEROCYCLICS

Heterocyclic compounds are based on a variety of synthetic [1] and natural mole-

cules [2]. In certain cases, hetero(poly) cyclic rings of different sizes form the backbone of drugs [3], bioactive molecules, and even specialized materials. Heterocycles are of vast significance for industrial, biological, and for the well working of human beings. Heterocycles are there in numerous natural products as well as pharmaceutically active compounds [4^-8]. During recent years, there has been an intense investigation of different classes of heterocycles. Industrial researchers worldwide have synthesized heterocyclic compounds under ordinary and exceptional conditions, because these reactions are reliably and economically effective. Several different techniques have been developed in the past for the synthesis of different heterocycles, and this advancement is still in ceaseless demand [9^-11]. The construction of heterocycles is highly considerable in organic synthesis [12]. The chemistry of heterocyclic compounds in organic chemistry continues to be an important field because of their variety of applications. Considering the fact that most of the pharmaceutical and agrochemical items contain at least one heterocyclic ring, we can assuredly see the significance of heterocyclic compounds. Also, a number of natural products depend on heterocyclic units only as a portion of the biologically active compound, for example, vitamins, antibiotics, and hormones [13, 14]. Heterocyclic compounds have become immensely important in human life, especially since these compounds have been successfully tested against several diseases and therefore needed medicinal imports. Heterocyclic compounds are common in nature and necessary to live. They play a key role in every living cell's metabolism. Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur are essential building blocks used to construct different chemical compounds of immense biological or medical importance [15].

Medium-sized heterocyclic rings are the key in modern organic chemistry because of th...