This proposed book intends to provide a reference resource to showcase insightful perspectives on the 21st century realities of foreign capital flow and their implications on the economic development of Africa. The foreign capital sources will constitute foreign direct investment (multinational corporations and, small and medium multinational enterprises), development aid, remittances and foreign debt. Our main goal and novel1 contribution to the literature will be to answer a question that has never been asked before 'Who benefits Africa more in the 21st century, the BRICS2 or OECD3 countries?' Effectiveness of foreign capitals from conventional sources (OECD countries) will be analyzed and compared to those from non-conventional sources (BRICS countries) that have gained prominence in recent years. The book will offer hard-headed prognosis on the state of Africa's external financial resources and how to facilitate efficient policies necessary for meaningful, sustained and inclusive growth. It will provide an in-depth analysis of fundamental domestic factors [such as information and communication technologies (ICTs) and non-ICTs infrastructure development (socio-economic infrastructures); policies; financial sector liberalization and access to financial resources; innovation, research and development and; resource extraction] that determine how foreign capital flow impact economic development in Africa with differential effects across the continent. We expect the outcome of this book to be profoundly refreshing with evident methodological pluralism and conceptual reflexivity. Our vision is to deliver a comprehensive work of reference to be cited as an authoritative source on the subject. This title will have a particular relevance and resonance with the changes currently taking place in Africa as the continent strides out more confidently towards effective integration in the global economy. We envision a volume of compelling academic and policy significance.