FreeRADIUS Beginner's Guide
eBook - ePub

FreeRADIUS Beginner's Guide

Dirk van der Walt

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eBook - ePub

FreeRADIUS Beginner's Guide

Dirk van der Walt

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About This Book

In Detail

The Open Source pioneers have proved during the past few decades that their code and projects can indeed be more solid and popular than commercial alternatives. With data networks always expanding in size and complexity FreeRADIUS is at the forefront of controlling access to and tracking network usage. Although many vendors have tried to produce better products, FreeRADIUS has proved over time why it is the champion RADIUS server. This book will reveal everything you need to know to get started with using FreeRADIUS.

FreeRADIUS has always been a back-room boy. It's not easy to measure the size or number of deployments world-wide but all indications show that it can outnumber any commercial alternatives available. This essential server is part of ISPs, universities, and many corporate networks, helping to control access and measure usage. It is a solid, flexible, and powerful piece of software, but can be a mystery to a newcomer.

FreeRADIUS Beginner's Guide is a friend of newcomers to RADIUS and FreeRADIUS. It covers the most popular Linux distributions of today, CentOS, SUSE, and Ubuntu, and discusses all the important aspects of FreeRADIUS deployment: Installing, configuring and testing; security concerns and limitations; LDAP and Active Directory integration.

It contains plenty of practical exercises that will help you with everything from installation to the more advanced configurations like LDAP and Active Directory integration. It will help you understand authentication, authorization and accounting in FreeRADIUS. It uses many practical step-by-step examples, which are discussed in detail to lead you to a thorough understanding of the FreeRADIUS server as well as the RADIUS protocol. A quiz at the end of each chapter validates your understanding.

Not only can FreeRADIUS be used to monitor and limit the network usage of individual users; but large deployments are possible with realms and fail-over functionality. FreeRADIUS can work alone or be part of a chain where the server is a proxy for other institution's users forwarding requests to their servers. FreeRADIUS features one of the most versatile and comprehensive Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) implementations. EAP is an essential requirement to implement enterprise WiFi security. FreeRADIUS Beginner's Guide covers all of these aspects.

 A comprehensive guide to deployment and administration of FreeRADIUS on Linux

Approach

This is a fast-paced Beginner's Guide that will take you step by step through the fundamentals of FreeRADIUS and using it in your live projects. It has been structured in a way that will let you get maximum practical information out of it in setting up your own FreeRADIUS server. It will guide you on all the aspects of FreeRADIUS and do much more to get you all the 'A's right.

Who this book is for

If you are an Internet Service Provider (ISPs) or a network manager who needs to track and control network usage, then this is the book for you.

You need to be familiar with Linux and have a solid understanding of TCP/IP. No previous knowledge of RADIUS or FreeRADIUS is required.

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Information

Year
2011
ISBN
9781849514088
Edition
1

FreeRADIUS

Beginner's Guide


Table of Contents

FreeRADIUS
Credits
About the Author
About the Reviewers
www.PacktPub.com
Support files, eBooks, discount offers, and more
Why Subscribe?
Free Access for Packt account holders
Preface
What this book covers
What you need for this book
Who this book is for
Conventions
Time for action – heading
What just happened?
Pop quiz – heading
Have a go hero – heading
Reader feedback
Customer support
Errata
Piracy
Questions
1. Introduction to AAA and RADIUS
Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting
Authentication
Authorization
Accounting
RADIUS
RADIUS protocol (RFC2865)
The data packet
Code
Identifier
Length
Authenticator
Attributes
Conclusion
AVPs
Type
Length
Value
Vendor-Specific Attributes (VSAs)
Proxying and realms
RADIUS server
RADIUS client
RADIUS accounting (RFC2866)
Operation
Packet format
Acct-Status-Type (Type40)
Acct-Input-Octets (Type42)
Acct-Output-Octets (Type43)
Acct-Session-Id (Type44)
Acct-Session-Time (Type46)
Acct-Terminate-Cause (Type49)
Conclusion
RADIUS extensions
Dynamic Authorization extension (RFC5176)
Disconnect-Message (DM)
Change-of-Authorization Message (CoA)
RADIUS support for EAP (RFC3579)
FreeRADIUS
History
Strengths
Weaknesses
The competition
Summary
Pop quiz – RADIUS knowledge
2. Installation
Before you start
Pre-built binary
Time for action – installing FreeRADIUS
What just happened?
Advantages
Extra packages
Available packages
CentOS
SUSE
Ubuntu
Special considerations
Remember the firewall
CentOS
SUSE
Have a go hero – installing from source
Building from source
Advantages of building packages
CentOS
Time for action – building CentOS RPMs
What just happened?
Installing rpm-build
The source RPM package
The package name
Updating an existing installation
SUSE
Time for action – SUSE: from tarball to RPMs
Adding an OpenSUSE repository
What just happened?
zypper or yast -i
Tweaks done by hand
Ubuntu
Time for action – Ubuntu: from tarball to debs
What just happened?
Installing dpkg-dev
Using build-dep
fakeroot
dpkg-buildpackage
Installing the debs
For those preferring the old school
Installed executables
Running as root or not
Dictionary access for client programs
Ensure proper start-up
Summary
Pop quiz – installation
3. Getting Started with FreeRADIUS
A simple setup
Time for action – configuring FreeRADIUS
What just happened?
Configuring FreeRADIUS
Clients
Sections
Client identification
Shared secret
Message-Authenticator
Nastype
Common errors
Users
Files module
PAP module
Users file
Check items
Reply items
Operators
Substitution
DEFAULT user
Login-Time
Simultaneous-Use
Framed-IP-Address
Radtest
Helping yourself
Installed documentation
Man pages
Time for action – discovering available man pages for FreeRADIUS
dpkg systems
rpm systems
radtest revisited
Radclient
What just happened?
Have a go hero – adding more AVPs to the auth request
Configuration file comments
Pop quiz – clients.conf
Online documentation
Online help
Golden rules
Inside radiusd
Configuration files
Important includes
Libraries and dictionaries
FreeRADIUS-specific AVPs
Running as ...
Listen section
Log files
radiusd
Who was logged in and when?
Who is logged in right now?
Summary
4. Authentication
Authentication protocols
PAP
CHAP
MS-CHAP
FreeRADIUS—authorize before authenticate
Time for action – authenticating a user with FreeRADIUS
What just happened?
Access-Request arrives
Authorization
Authorize set Auth-Type
Authorization in action
Authentication
Post-Auth
Finish
Conclusion
Have a go hero – using other authentication protocols
Storing passwords
Hash formats
Time for action – hashing our password
Crypt-Password
MD5-Password
SMD5-Password
SHA-Password
SSHA-Password
NT-Password or LM-Password
What just happened?
Hash formats and authentication protocols
Other authentication methods
One-time passwords
Certificates
Summary
Pop quiz – authentication
5. Sources of Usernames and Passwords
User stores
System users
Time for action – incorporating Linux system users in FreeRADIUS
Preparing rights
SUSE is different
CentOS
Activating system users
What just happened?
Authorize using the unix module
Authenticating using pap
Tips for including system users
MySQL as a user store
Time for action – incorporating a MySQL database in FreeRADIUS
Installing MySQL
Installing FreeRADIUS's MySQL package
Prep...

Table of contents