Women in Chinese Buddhism

Rights, Spirituality and the Path to Freedom

Jessica Huset Tilton

• Publisher: Routledge
• Year: 2025
• eBook ISBN: 9781040445136
• Topic: Social Sciences
• Subtopic: Buddhism
• Index: Social Sciences

Tilton examines how cultural, political and economic forces exert pressures on the levels of freedom and equality for female Buddhists within the Buddhist community as well as women's rights within society.

The book charts women's spiritual paths over four periods, beginning with the Buddha and his revolutionary stance on women, to the creation of a fully ordained female Sa?gha in China—which peaked during the Tang dynasty—and finally to its resurgence in the late Qing and early Republic period, ending with a sharp decline to near extinction during the Mao Zedong years (1949–1976). As the nun and lay communities arise directly from the broader female community, Tilton argues that there is a direct correlation between women's rights issues and those of liberties for Buddhist women within the Sa?gha. Specifically, women's equality within "this world" as well as their right to achieve liberation from "this world," or sa?s?ra.

Charting the evolution of Buddhist women in China across multiple centuries, this book is a valuable resource for academics, researchers and students of Asian Studies, Buddhist Studies, as well as those interested in the intersection of gender and religion.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Series
• Title
• Copyright
• Dedication
• Contents
• Preface
• Introduction
• 1 The Buddha and the Status of Women
• 2 The Origins of Chinese Mahāyāna Nuns and Laywomen
• 3 The Emptiness Nature of Gender
• 4 A “This World” Search for Nirvāṇa
• 5 The Changing Nature of Buddhism: From a “This World” Nirvāṇa to a Religion, Science and Philosophy
• 6 An Avīci Hell in This World: The Struggle for Survival
• 7 The Cultural Revolution: Losing Religion, Losing Gender
• Concluding Thoughts and Future Research
• Acknowledgements
• List of Abbreviations
• Bibliography
• Index