Christianity and the Contest for Manhood in Late Antiquity

The Cappadocian Fathers and the Rhetoric of Masculinity

Nathan D. Howard

• Publisher: Cambridge University Press
• Year: 2022
• eBook ISBN:
  9781009093330
• Topic: Theology & Religion
• Subtopic: History of Christianity

In this book, Nathan Howard explores gender and identity formation in fourth-century Cappadocia, where pro-Nicene bishops used a rhetoric of contest that aligned with conventions of classical Greek masculinity. Howard demonstrates that epistolary exhibitions served as 'a locus for' asserting manhood in the fourth century. These performances illustrate how a culture of orality that had defined manhood among civic elites was reframed as a contest whereby one accrued status through merits of composition. Howard shows how the Cappadocians' rhetoric also reordered the body and materiality as components of a maleness over which they moderated. He interrogates fourth-century theological conflict as part of a rhetorical battle over claims to manhood that supported the Cappadocians' theology and cast doubt on non-Trinitarian rivals, whom they cast as effeminate and disingenuous. Investigating accounts of pro-Nicene protagonists overcoming struggles, Howard establishes that tropes based on classical standards of gender contributed to the formation of Trinitarian orthodoxy.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half-title
• Title page
• Copyright information
• Dedication
• Contents
• Acknowledgments
• A Note on Translations
• List of Abbreviations
• The Cappadocian Fathers and their Families
• Introduction: Paideia, Masculinity, and Identity
• 1 ''The Sweat of Eloquence'': Epistolary Agon and Second Sophistic Origins
• 2 The Agōn of Friendship: Sensory Rhetoric, Gift Exchange, and the Aesthetics of Aretē
• 3 Hagiography and Masculinity: Personifications of Sacred Aretē
• 4 Agōn and Theological Authority: Hagiography and Polemics of Identity
• Epilogue: Classical Masculinity in Early Medieval and Byzantine Christianity
• References
• Index