Beyond Love and Loyalty
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Beyond Love and Loyalty

The Letters of Thomas Wolfe and Elizabeth Nowell, Together with 'no More Rivers,' a Story By Thomas Wolfe

Thomas Wolfe

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eBook - ePub

Beyond Love and Loyalty

The Letters of Thomas Wolfe and Elizabeth Nowell, Together with 'no More Rivers,' a Story By Thomas Wolfe

Thomas Wolfe

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Letters--mostly of the nuts-and-bolts, practical variety--between Thomas Wolfe and his literary agent, Elizabeth Nowell. Nowell served as Wolfe's editor for many of his short stories, paring them down to make them acceptable to magazines. Oddly enough, his attitude toward her was grateful rather than adversarial, and their deep mutual respect is clearly evident in these letters. Originally published in 1983. A UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. These editions are published unaltered from the original, and are presented in affordable paperback formats, bringing readers both historical and cultural value.

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Part I: 1934

Wolfe and the Maxim Lieber Agency
At the time this correspondence begins, Thomas Wolfe was acknowledged to be one of the most promising novelists of his time. In 1929 he had published Look Homeward, Angel, an autobiographical novel about the early years of a young man named Eugene Gant growing up in a small Southern city in the Appalachians, and after a Guggenheim fellowship had allowed him a year free of financial worry, he had published three short novels in Scribner’s Magazine, “A Portrait of Bascom Hawke,” “The Web of Earth,” and “No Door” (really a five-section sample of “work in progress” from his second novel). He was running out of money by 1933, having used up the generous advance on royalties that Charles Scribner’s Sons had given him for his next novel, and he needed an agent who could help him sell some of his shorter episodes in the lucrative periodical market. His editor, Maxwell Perkins, recommended Elizabeth Nowell, a former member of the Scribner staff, who was now working at the Maxim Lieber agency.
The first piece that Wolfe sent to her was “Boom Town,” a short novel about a young man returning to his home in the South, stirred by the memories it evoked but appalled by the changes that speculation in real estate had brought about in the people.
Maxim Lieber
545 Fifth Avenue
New York City
December 1, 1933
Dear Mr. Wolfe:
Here is your copy of Boom Town.1 I think it’s swell, and hope you and Mr. Perkins2 will too. There are a few more persnickety changes that Lieber and I thought of for the last ten pages we did when we were all so exhausted. They are so slight that we’ve sent the manuscript to Cosmopolitan today as planned, but some time after you’ve read this over we might have one more session to discuss it. How would next Wednesday night do? I promise you it’ll be a very short and peaceful session.
I hope you had a swell time on your week-end and are all rested up so you can sweep on with your book. We’ll try to leave you in peace for a while now, but any time you want to bring the other stories over I’d love to start reading them.
Yours for bigger and
better markets,
Elizabeth Nowell
1. Published in the American Mercury, May 1934.
2. Maxwell Perkins, senior editor of Charles Scribner’s Sons, Wolfe’s publisher.
Maxim Lieber
545 Fifth Avenue
New York City
December 15, 1933
Dear Mr. Wolfe:
Here are some voluminous reactions to “In the Park.” I hope they won’t drive you wild and that you’ll agree more or less. I’m not mailing the story because I think you said you had another copy and I didn’t want it floating around in the undependable Christmas mails too much. Whether you agree more, less, or not at all I hope you’ll give us a ring when you feel like it and hash it all over with us some night.
Yours
Maxim Lieber
Elizabeth Nowell
Committee for the Torture
of Authors
In the Park1
There are three reasons why I’m enthusiastic about your doing something with this: First, because it really has the feeling of that time—the “New York was awfully nice in those days” feeling. I think you could sharpen that up in spots but it’s there anyway, in the descriptions and the quality of it, and in the gaiety and naivete of the way the people talked and acted. I think that feeling also has elements of popular appeal because God knows everybody loves the dear dead days. Secondly, people are always saying that you can’t write about anything except what has actually happened to you in the past, and I’d just like to show them . . . And thirdly, this is short and consequently more saleable than a long story, so—
However, I may as well burst into the old refrain now as later. As it stands it is a narrative or a reminiscence and not what our friends the editors call a story. The more we can center it on the automobile idea the better the chances will be for selling it and the better the price, so I hope you won’t mind too much if we harp continuously on that.
Therefore, what I wish you’d do—roughly and open to discussion—is this:
Plant the automobile idea in the first page by having the girl and her father see one as they walk up Broadway. Otherwise leave the first page up to the stars on page 2 mostly as it is, with maybe a little more heightening of the description. For instance, did the theatres have electric lights outside them or what in those days, and maybe could you suggest in just a couple of phrases what beautiful women were like because it seems to me that they were beautiful differently and dressed differently from any other time. Otherwise swell, up to the two priests, except that I wonder if a young girl of that era would say “God” so much???
I think the part about the two priests should be cut and sharpened somewhat. I wish you’d leave out the part about going to the convent which, believe it or not, is digression and doesn’t help any despite its indisputable charm. I think it would help if the girl and her father went to White’s and met the priests there and the conversation between them took place actually on that night instead of being vaguely remembered as having once occurred. I also think you could do just a speck more with the look and feeling of the restaurant, like that paragraph in the long piece about the train you left with me where you say “in great restaurants the light was brighter gold, but full and round like warm onyx columns, smooth warmly tinted marble, old wine in dark rounded age-encrusted bottles, and the great blonde figures of naked women on rose clouded ceilings.” Maybe that wouldn’t be true of White’s but I bet Mr. Chapin would remember what it looked like enough for you to get a couple of sentences out of it, or I could try to find some pictures of it. I mean briefly, of course, or the automobile will get lost in the excitement.
Then have Mr. Gates come in, etc. etc., as is except for leaving out the little scattered reminiscences here and there like the part about his wife and his collection of Japanese curios2 maybe. I don’t think the driver should get so drunk that he couldn’t even walk because that made me keep wondering how he was able to drive the car so well and why the girl wasn’t more nervous, even if she was naive and of the pre-prohibition era. I also think you could put in a few more sentences telling how they actually started and describing the first thrill the girl got to be driving up there in the front seat so fast. The part about the policeman is swell and the sort of thing we want to stress most.
It is about the end that the real argument will begin. It seems to us that the automobile fades away too much in the excitement about the dawn and the birds and everything. Scribner’s and Harper’s would probably disregard this for the sake of all the other good qualities, but still we’d much rather it ended on a more definite note. Perhaps having the car break down and be towed by a horse is too banal, but couldn’t it just break down and leave them sitting there waiting for a carriage to come along and take them home. While they were waiting they could hear the birds and be so thrilled that they didn’t mind just sitting there, but finally they could hear a horse clopping along and the driver could pull up and take them in and vent some more disgust for those new-fangled cars, and let it end on that note more or less. Or maybe you’ll have some other much better idea how to end it, but please end it with the automobile????
Yours
Miss Nowell and Lieber
1. Published in Harper’s Bazaar, June 1935, and included later in From Death to Morning. The speaker in this story, Esther Jack, reminisces about a time in the early 1900s when she went out with her father to a fine restaurant and then for a ride in an automobile through Central Park.
2. The omission of the reference to the convent and to the Japanese curios are the only two suggestions that Wolfe accepted.
Maxim Lieber
545 Fifth Avenue
New York City
January 31, 1934
Dear Mr. Wolfe:
I’ve been trying to leave you in peace but the time now seems ripe to burst in where the angels fear to tread so I hope you and Perkins will forgive me.
First of all, about “Boom Town.” We’ve been bickering with Harper’s about it for almost a month and have finally had to accept defeat at their hands. After reading it twice they finally said they might take it with certain cuts which they specified, so we tried cutting it and showing them the result on the understanding that your approval would have to be obtained. We didn’t want to bother you and take you away from the book until we were sure they would take it, which they’ve finally decided that they can’t do. The reason I’m writing you now is that we think this shorter version is better and infinitely more saleable. The various people who saw the first version all complained about its length and also about the stuttering brother whose presence they couldn’t understand. Of course in a book he would work in all right, but I do agree with the editor’s complaint that in this he’s too much of a shock and bound to take away the emphasis from the real estate theme. Of course too there’s the old taboo about stuttering planted firmly in editor’s minds because they think it slows up the reading too much, but the chief trouble is that Lee overshadows the boom theme. Anyway, instead of going into more explanations, I’m enclosing a copy of the new shorter version so you can see what you think of it. If you think it’s all right we want to keep on trying the other magazines with it instead of the longer version.
In the meanwhile, Gringrich, the editor of that new man’s magazine in Chicago, “Esquire,” came in to see Lieber and said he was anxious to have something from you. He practically promised to take anything at all possible and to pay $175 for it which is $75 above his usual rate. The catch is that he can’t use anything over 3000 words. I’ve been wondering if you’d want to try him with the part of “Morning in the City” about the man getting up.1 There really isn’t a chance in the world of selling the four parts complete and it seems as if this would be ideal for Esquire because it would be looked askance at by the more prudish magazines like Harper’s, Atlantic, and the mass periodicals. It would have to have an ending tacked on to it to be a real story, but I wonder if you couldn’t think of some kind of catastrophe that could happen to the man to round it out and to break off all his luxury and power with one short, sudden jolt. Perhaps he could find he’d lost his shirt in the Market, or was going to be called before the Senate Committee, or could get angina pectoris or something, but I mustn’t let my imagination run away with me, especially when yours can run so much farther, faster, and better.
Anyway, we’ll be looking forward to getting your reactions to both these situations when you get a chance to let us know. And I’m still hoping you’ll do something with the automobile story sometime. I never thanked you for your Christmas card but I do now very much. I hope we can send you one for Easter or Valentine’s or something in the form of a check for one thing or another.
Yours, Elizabeth Nowell
1. An early character sketch of Mr. Jack, which Wolfe later incorporated into “The Party at Jack’s.”
February 2, 1934
[carbon copy]
Dear Miss Nowell:
Thanks for your letter and for the revised copy of “Boom Town.” I have not been able to read your revision carefully yet, but I shall read it over the week-end.
I am sorry you have had to work so hard on this and have had no better luck placing it. Of course there’s no use arguing with Editors who know what they want or think they do, and I don’t know of anything I can do to free them from their quaint superstitions concern...

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