Notes
As American as Apple Pie
1. U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Harmful Non-Indigenous Species in the United States, OTA-F-565 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, 1993), 53.
Out of Africa
1. L. Holm, J. V. Pancho, J. P. Herberger, and D. L. Plucknett, A Geographical Atlas of World Weeds, in handout from Hybrid Bermudagrass Spriggers Workshop meeting, ed. G. W. Burton (Tifton, Ga: Rural Development Center, 1992).
2. M. E. Francis, The Book of Grasses (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1912).
3. G. W. Burton, “Bermudagrass,” in Forages, 2d ed., ed. H. D. Hughes, M. E. Heath, and D. Metcalfe (Ames: Iowa State College Press, 1951), 270, cited in Carl H. Hover-male and Greg Cuomo, Bermudagrass Variety Evaluations in South Mississippi, Bulletin 1059 (Starkville, Miss.: Office of Agricultural Communications, Mississippi State University), http://msucares.com/pubs/bulletins/b1059.htm (accessed March 11, 2003). Spalding’s diary supposedly dates Ellis’s introduction to 1751, although Ellis wasn’t made royal governor of Georgia until 1757.
4. Duncan, quoted in Janet I. Rodekohr, “The Beauty of Tough Turf,” University of Georgia Research Magazine 29 (Summer 2000).
5. Charles V. Piper, Forage Plants and Their Culture (New York: Macmillan, 1914), 244.
6. Lyman Carrier, The Beginnings of Agriculture in America (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1923), 251.
7. Mitich, “Colonel Johnson’s Grass: Johnson.”
8. Victor R. Boswell, “Our Vegetable Travelers,” National Geographic 96 (August 1949): 194.
9. David Rhodes, outline course material for Horticulture 410, “Okra–HORT410–Vegetable Crops,” Purdue University, http://www.hort.purdue.edu/rhodcv/hort410/okra/okra.htm; Agricultural Marketing Service, “USDA Revises Grading Standards for Frozen Okra,” news release, September 27, 1999, http://www.ams.usda.gov/news/252c.htm (accessed February 26, 2004).
10. Eric P. Prostko, Enrique Rosales-Robles, and James M. Chandler, “Wild Okra Control with Bromoxynil and Pyrithiobac,” Journal of Cotton Science 2 (1998): 100–103, 100.
11. David Livingstone, Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa (Project Gutenberg, 1997), chap. 2, http://ibiblio.org/gutenberg/etext97/mtrav10.txt (accessed March 10, 2003).
12. Native Seeds, catalog listing, http://www.nativeseeds.org (information for Watermelon; accessed March 10, 2003); U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Resources Conservation Service, Plants Database, http://plants.usda.gov (information for Citrullus lanatus; accessed March 10, 2003).
13. Purdue University Center for New Crops and Plant Products, New Crops Resource Online Program, “Sesame” (factsheet, http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/med-aro/factsheets/SESAME.html; accessed March 10, 2003).
14. Francis Porcher, Resources of the Southern Fields and Forests, Medical, Economical, and Agricultural. Being also a Medical Botany of the Confederate States; with Practical Information on the Useful Properties of the Trees, Plants, and Shrubs (Charleston, S.C.: Evans and Cogswell, 1863), 194–95.
15. Lewis Gray and Esther Thompson, History of Agriculture in the Southern United States to I860, vol. 1 (Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institute of Washington, 1933), 194.
16. U.S. Department of Agriculture, “Crop Profile for Sesame in United States,” April 2000, online at http://cipm.ncsu.edu/cropprofiles/
docs/ussesame.html#N_3_ (accessed March 10, 2003).
17. Raleigh H. Merritt, From Captivity to Fame; or, Life of George Washington Carver (Boston: Meador, 1929), 162; Herbert Myrick, The Book of Corn (New York: Orange Judd, 1903), 168; Matt. 13: 24–30.
18. Carrier, The Beginnings of Agriculture, 250.
19. USDA, NRCS, Plants Database (information for Vigna unguiculata; accessed March 11, 2003).
20. L. H. Bailey, Cyclopedia of American Agriculture: A Popular Survey of Agricultural Conditions, Practices and Ideals in the United States and Canada, vol. 2 (New York: Macmillan, 1909), 266.
21. Texas Department of Transportation, “The History of the Black-Eyed Pea” (excerpts from Texas Highways Magazine, July 1994), http://www.athenstx.org/History.htm (accessed March 11, 2003).
22. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, “Cowpea,” http://www.iita.org/crop/cowpea.htm (accessed March 11, 2003).
23. University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program Online Cover Crop Database, http://www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/cgi-bin/CCrop.exe (information for cowpea; accessed March 11, 2003).
24. James A. Duke, Handbook of Energy Crops (West Lafayette, Ind.: Center for New Crops and Plants Products, Purdue University, 1983), e-book only, http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/dukeindex.html (information for Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ssp. Unguiculata; accessed March 11, 2003); Boswell, “Our Vegetable Travelers.”
25. K. O. Rachie and R. T. Wurster, “The Potential of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan Millsp) as a Horticultural Crop in East Africa,” Acta Horticulturae (ISHS) 21 (1971): 172–78, http://www.actahort.org/books/21/21_28.htm (accessed March 11, 2003).
26. Karen Hess, The Carolina Rice Kitchen (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1992), 99.
27. Duke, Handbook of Energy Crops, n.p.
28. “Traditional Food: What Zimbabweans Eat,” Zimbabwe Magazine (February 2000), http://www.zimbabwebiz.com/zimbiz/magazine/02–2000/feb01.htm (accessed March 11, 2003).
A Green Nightmare
1. Figures taken from Garden Club of America, “The New American Lawn,” http://www.gcamerica.org/pamphlets/lawnbrochure.html; Smaller American La...