The Religious Enlightenment

Protestants, Jews, and Catholics from London to Vienna

David Sorkin

• Publisher: Princeton University Press
• Year: 2018
• Print ISBN:
  9780691149370
  9780691135021
• eBook ISBN:
  9780691188188
• Topic: Theology & Religion
• Subtopic: European History

In intellectual and political culture today, the Enlightenment is routinely celebrated as the starting point of modernity and secular rationalism, or demonized as the source of a godless liberalism in conflict with religious faith. In The Religious Enlightenment, David Sorkin alters our understanding by showing that the Enlightenment, at its heart, was religious in nature.


Sorkin examines the lives and ideas of influential Protestant, Jewish, and Catholic theologians of the Enlightenment, such as William Warburton in England, Moses Mendelssohn in Prussia, and Adrien Lamourette in France, among others. He demonstrates that, in the century before the French Revolution, the major religions of Europe gave rise to movements of renewal and reform that championed such hallmark Enlightenment ideas as reasonableness and natural religion, toleration and natural law. Calvinist enlightened orthodoxy, Jewish Haskalah, and reform Catholicism, to name but three such movements, were influential participants in the eighteenth century's burgeoning public sphere and promoted a new ideal of church-state relations. Sorkin shows how they pioneered a religious Enlightenment that embraced the new science of Copernicus and Newton and the philosophy of Descartes, Locke, and Christian Wolff, uniting reason and revelation to renew faith and piety.


This book reveals how Enlightenment theologians refashioned belief as a solution to the dogmatism and intolerance of previous centuries. Read it and you will never view the Enlightenment the same way.

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Contents
• List of Illustrations
• List of Maps
• Preface
• Introduction
• CHAPTER ONE: Brant Broughton, London, Gloucester William Warburton’s “HEROIC MODERATION”
• CHAPTER TWO: Geneva Jacob Vernet’s “MIDDLE WAY”
• CHAPTER THREE: Halle Siegmund Jacob Baumgarten’s “VITAL KNOWLEDGE”
• CHAPTER FOUR: Berlin Moses Mendelssohn’s “VITAL SCRIPT”
• CHAPTER FIVE: Vienna- Linz Joseph Valentin Eybel’s “REASONABLE DOCTRINE”
• CHAPTER SIX: Toul- Paris- Lyon ADRIEN LAMOURETTE'S “LUMINOUS SIDE OF FAITH”
• Epilogue
• Glossary
• Index