A History of Diplomacy

Jeremy Black

• Publisher: Reaktion Books
• Year: 2010
• ISBN:
  9781861897220
• Topic: History
• Subtopic: World History
• Index: History

In A History of Diplomacy, historian Jeremy Black investigates how a form of courtly negotiation and information-gathering in the early modern period developed through increasing globalization into a world-shaping force in twenty-first-century politics. The monarchic systems of the sixteenth century gave way to the colonial development of European nations—which in turn were shaken by the revolutions of the eighteenth century—the rise and progression of multiple global interests led to the establishment of the modern-day international embassy system. In this detailed and engaging study of the ever-changing role of international relations, the aims, achievements, and failures of foreign diplomacy are presented along with their complete historical and cultural background.

References

Preface

1 P. G. Wodehouse, Hot Water (London, 2008 edn), pp. 15–16, 27.

2 P. Wells, ‘Comments, Custard Pies and Comic Cuts: The Boulting Brothers at Play, 1955–65’, in The Family Way: The Boulting Brothers and Postwar British Film Culture, ed. A. Burton, T. O’Sullivan and P. Wells (Trowbridge, 2000), p. 59.

3 A. P. Calhamer, ‘Diplomacy’, in The Games and Puzzles Book of Modern Board Games (London, 1975), pp. 26–44; R. Sharp, The Game of Diplomacy (London, 1979).

4 J. Black, British Diplomats and Diplomacy, 1688–1800 (Exeter, 2001), European International Relations, 1648–1815 (Basingstoke, 2002), Rethinking Military History (Abingdon, 2004), and Great Powers and the Quest for Hegemony: The World Order since 1500 (Abingdon, 2008).

5 J. Black, Kings, Nobles and Commoners: States and Societies in Early Modern Europe, a Revisionist History (London, 2004).

Introduction

1 A-M. Juvaini, Genghis Khan: The History of the World-Conqueror, ed. J. A. Boyle (2nd edn, Manchester, 1997), p. 80.

2 E. Satow, A Guide to Diplomatic Practice (London, 1917), p. 1.

3 H. Nicolson, Diplomacy (Oxford, 1963), pp. 3–4.

4 P. Barber, Diplomacy (London, 1979), p. 6.

5 J. Der Derian, ‘Mediating Estrangement: A Theory for Diplomacy’, Review of International Studies, 13 (1987), p. 9.

6 J.C.E. Gienow-Hecht, Transmission Impossible: American Journalism as Cultural Diplomacy in Postwar Germany, 1945–1955 (Baton Rouge, LA, 1999); R. T. Arndt, The First Resort of Kings: American Cultural Diplomacy in the Twentieth Century (Dulles, VA, 2005). This section was written soon after walking past ‘The Texas Embassy’ in London, a restaurant.

7 T. W. Zeiler, Ambassadors in Pinstripes: The Spalding World Baseball Tour and the Birth of the American Empire (Lanham, MD, 2006). See also B. J. Keys, Globalizing Sport: National Rivalry and International Community in the 1930s (Cambridge, MA, 2006).

8 L. B. Fritzinger, Diplomat without Portfolio: Valentine Chirol, His Life, and ‘The Times’ (London, 2006).

9 The Times, 24 July 2009, p. 18.

10 Ten O’Clock News, BBC 1, 15 October 2009.

11 F. Lidz, ‘Biblical Adversity in a ’60s Suburb’, New York Times, 27 September 2009, p. 9.

12 F. Adams, Dollar Diplomacy: United States Economic Assistance to Latin America (Aldershot, 2000).

13 P. Y. Beaurepaire, Le mythe de l’Europe française au XVIIIe siècle: Diplomatie, culture et sociabilités au temps des Lumières (Paris, 2007).

14 For diplomats as negotiators, intelligence sources and cultural contacts, M. J. Levin, Agents of Empire: Spanish Ambassadors in Sixteenth-Century Italy (Ithaca, NY, 2005); P. M. Drover, ‘Letters, Notes and Whispers: Diplomacy, Ambassadors and Information in the Italian Renaissance Princely State’, PhD thesis, Yale, 2002.

15 Reporting Cardinal Fleury, French first minister, John Burnaby, private secretary to James, Earl Waldegrave, British envoy in Paris, to Horatio Walpole, envoy in the Hague, 1 February 1735, NA. SP. 84/341 fols 56–7.

16 P. Jackson, France and the Nazi Menace: Intelligence and Policy Making, 1933–1939 (Oxford, 2000).

17 E. W. Nelson, ‘The Origins of Modern Balance of Power Politics’, Medievalia et Humanistica, I (1943), pp. 124–42.

18 Herodotus, The Histories, Book VII, 131–2. Trans. for the Loeb edition by A. D. Godley (1922).

19 R. Cohen and R. Westbrook, eds, Amarna Diplomacy: The Beginnings of International Relations (Baltimore, MD, 2000), p. 173.

20 R. A. Roland, Interpreters as Diplomats: A Diplomatic History of the Role of Interpreters in World Politics (Ottawa, 1999).

21 F. Adcock and D. J. Mosley, Diplomacy in Ancient Greece (London, 1975); P. Low, Interstate Relations in Classical Greece: Morality and Power (Cambridge, 2007).

22 A. Eckstein, Mediterranean Anarchy, Interstate War, and the Rise of Rome (Berkeley, CA, 2006) is the key work, esp. pp. 58–65.

23 Translation of word sometimes given as the Barbarians.

24 Plutarch, Life of Sulla, 5, 4–5; from Six Lives by Plutarch trans. R. Warner, Fall of the Roman Republic (London, 1958), p. 61.

25 W. Treadgold, ‘The Diplomatic Career and Historical Work of Olympiodorus of Thebes’, International History Review, XXVI (2004), p. 714.

26 F. A. Wright, ed., Liudprand of Cremona: The Embassy to Constantinople and Other Writings (London, 1930).

27 B.K.U. Weiler, ‘The Negotium Terrae Sanctae in the Political Discourse of Latin Christendom, 1215–1311’, International History Review, xxv (2003), p. 35.

28 G. Post, Studies in Medieval Legal Thought (Princeton, NJ, 1964); D. E. Queller, ‘Thirteenth-century Diplomatic Envoys: Nuncii and Procuratores’, Speculum, XXXV (1960), pp. 196–213.

29 For a flavour from the Renaissance, M. J. Haren, ed., Calendar of Entries in the Papal Registers Relating to Great Britain and Ireland. Papal Letters, XVIII: Pius III and Julius II: Vatican Registers, 1503–13, Lateran Registers, 1503–1508 (Dublin, 1989).

30 A. D. Beihammer, M. G. Parani and C. D. Schabel, eds, Diplomatics in the Eastern Mediterranean: Aspects of Cross-cultural Communication (Leiden, 2008).

31 D. Berg, M. Kintzinger and P. Monnet, eds, Auswärtige Politik und internationale Beziehungen im Mittelalter (...