Ocean Disposal Of Wastewater

Rob G Bell, Philip L F Liu, Ian R Wood

• Publisher: World Scientific
• Year: 1993
• Print ISBN: 9789810209568, 9789810209568
• eBook ISBN: 9789812796028
• Topic: Biological Sciences
• Subtopic: Environmental Science
• Index: Biological Sciences

The ocean is the ultimate sink for all liquid waste and has for many years been the recipient of both treated and untreated sewage waste. This book offers a comprehensive study on the subject of ocean disposal of these effluents. The early chapters cover the philosophy of outfall design, properties of sewage from developed towns and an overview of water quality regulations in New Zealand, Great Britain and the U.S. Alternative ways of satisfying these regulations are discussed. The book also provides information required to design outfall pipelines and diffusers. The methods of calculating the initial dilution and the investigations necessary to compute the further dispersion of the effluent are discussed. A brief discussion of the problems of salt water intrusion, of outfall construction and post construction monitoring is presented at the end of the book.

Table of contents

• Table of Contents
• Preface
• Acknowledgements
• List of Figures
• Ocean Disposal of Wastewater
• The Standards For Water Quality and the Legislation For These Standards
• The Quality of Untreated and Treated Effluent
• The Behaviour of a Buoyant Jet in a Stationary Uniform Environment
• The Behaviour of a Merging Array of Buoyant Jets in a Stationary Uniform Environment
• The Dilutions from a Standard Diffuser
• The Creation of the Effluent Field at the Ocean Surface
• The Behaviour of Single and Merging Buoyant Jets in a Stratified Ocean
• The Preliminary Design for the Initial Dilution in a Stationary Ambient Fluid
• The Detailed Diffuser Design
• The Effect of Currents on the Initial Dilution of a Buoyant Jet Rising in an Unstratified Fluid
• The Effects of a Moving Stratified Fluid on Initial Dilution of a Single Buoyant Jet
• Ground Effects and the Effect of a Current on the Instability of Single Buoyant Plumes
• The Effects of Currents on the Final Submerged or Surface Field
• Oceanographic Investigations for Outfalls
• Inactivation of Faecal Indicator Bacteria
• Numerical Modelling of Wastewater Plume Advection, Dispersion and Decay
• Tunnelled Ocean Outfalls
• Outfall Monitoring
• Outfall Construction
• Appendix 1 The Most Probable Number
• Appendix 2 The Toxicity Unit
• Appendix 3 The Calculation of the Density of Fresh and Salt Water
• Appendix 4 The Behaviour of a Buoyant Fluid Ejected at an Arbitrary Angle to the Flow
• References
• Index