Evidence-based Implant Dentistry and Systemic Conditions

Georgios E. Romanos, Fawad Javed

• Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
• Year: 2018
• Print ISBN:
  9781119212249
• eBook ISBN:
  9781119212263
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Medicine
• Subtopic: Dentistry

Evidence-based Implant Dentistry and Systemic Conditions provides essential information on the osseointegration and survival of dental implants in medically challenged patients. 

• Aggregates the major research on the impact of systemic conditions on implant therapy success
• Discusses a range of conditions, including oral and systemic cancers, AIDS, osteonecrosis, arthritis, and more
• Provides clinical recommendations for every condition listed
• Compiles studies from indexed databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, ISI web of knowledge, Scopus, and EMBASE

 

1
Introduction

For centuries, dental practitioners have relied on partial dentures, complete dentures, and fixed prosthesis (such as bridges) for the replacement of missing teeth. Dental implants have revolutionized modern clinical practice and are a contemporary substitute to such traditional fixed and removable dental prosthesis. It is well known that dental implants can osseointegrate and remain functionally and aesthetically stable over long durations in patients with missing teeth. Studies have reported high success and survival rates of dental implants in systemically healthy individuals; however, dental implant therapy has also been reported to be successful among patients with systemic disorders, such as diabetes mellitus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).

This book provides essential information on the osseointegration and survival of dental implants in medically challenged patients. In this book, we compiled studies from indexed databases (including PubMed, MEDLINE, ISI web of knowledge, Scopus, and EMBASE) with reference to their impact on the survival and success of dental implants. These studies have formulated into individual chapters focusing on specific focused questions and data has been presented using a systematic review approach. The content of this book is centered on evidence‐based dental implant therapy among patients with systemic diseases. Moreover, each chapter discusses the outcomes of the respective studies and recommendations for future research are also presented.

2
Evidence‐Based Grading of Studies

This book follows an evidence‐based grading approach in order to make judgments about quality of evidence and strength of the study/studies included in each chapter. This approach will give researchers, clinicians, and students a clear overview of the level of scientific evidence relating to each chapter. This grading system is based on the methodology adopted across studies.

Level of Evidence Grade
A	Evidence from randomized controlled trials
B	Evidence from at least one randomized controlled trial
C	Evidence from at least one well designed case‐control study
D	Evidence from at least one well‐designed clinical study that was not randomized
E	No evidence

3
Dental Implants in Adult Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Introduction

Autism spectrum disorder, or ASD, is a group of developmental disorders that includes a variety/spectrum of symptoms, skills, and levels of disability (Scott et al., 2017). Patients with ASD usually have these characteristics: (a) Ongoing social problems such as resistance to communication and interaction with others; (b) repetitive behaviors and limited interests or activities; (c) Symptoms that hurt an individuals’ ability to function in various areas of life (Scott et al., 2017). The precise etiology of ASD remains unclear; however, a number of risk factors have been associated with the etiology of ASD. These include genetic factors (genetic differences associated with the X chromosome), neurobiological factors (problems with genetic code development involving multiple brain regions), and environmental factors (exposure to drugs and environmental toxicants) (Abrahams and Geschwind, 2010; Coe et al., 2012a; Coe et al., 2012b; Landrigan et al., 2012).

A compromised oral health status has been reported in adult patients with ASD. In a study from Sweden, dental caries and periodontal health status were assessed among 47 adults with ASD and 69 age‐ and gender‐matched controls (Blomqvist et al., 2015). The results showed a significantly reduced stimulated salivary flow rate among patients with ASD as compared to controls. Buccal gingival recession was more often manifested in patients with ASD than controls (Blomqvist et al., 2015). Although there was no statistically significant difference in dental caries among patients with and without ASD, the authors hypothesized that adults with ASD are more susceptible to dental caries than healthy adults, most likely as a consequence of a reduced salivary flow rate in ASD adults (Blomqvist et al., 2015). However, in another study, a statistically significant association was reported between ASD and the prevalence of dental caries. Other oral manifestations among adults with ASD are bruxism, self‐perpetrate...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Evidence‐Based Grading of Studies
• 3 Dental Implants in Adult Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders
• 4 Dental Implants in Patients with Cardiovascular Disorders
• 5 Dental Implants in Patients with Crohn’s Disease
• 6 Dental Implants in Patients with Eating Disorders
• 7 Dental Implants in Patients with Epilepsy
• 8 Dental Implants in Patients with Hepatic Disorders
• 9 Dental Implants in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
• 10 Impact of Oral Cancer Therapy on the Survival of Dental Implants
• 11 Oral Cancer Arising around Dental Implants
• 12 Dental Implants in Patients with Periodontitis
• 13 Success and Survival of Dental Implants during Pregnancy
• 14 Dental Implants in Patients with Psychological/Psychiatric Disorders
• 15 Dental Implants in Patients Using Recreational Drugs
• 16 Dental Implants in Patients with Renal Disorders
• 17 Dental Implants in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases
• 18 Dental Implants in Patients with Scleroderma
• 19 Dental Implants in Patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome
• 20 Dental Implants in Patients Who Habitually Use Smokeless Tobacco Products
• 21 Dental Implants in Patients who Habitually Smoke Tobacco
• 22 Dental Implants in Patients with Genetic Disorders
• 23 Dental Implants in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
• Index
• End User License Agreement