Dam Safety Management / Gestion de la Sécurité des Barrages
Pre operational phases of the dam life cycle / Phases de conception, construction et mise en service
Cigb Icold
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Dam Safety Management / Gestion de la Sécurité des Barrages
Pre operational phases of the dam life cycle / Phases de conception, construction et mise en service
Cigb Icold
Información del libro
Dam Safety Management is a major concern during the entire lifetime cycle of a dam scheme. This is particularly true for the operational phase of the scheme that represents by far the longest period in its lifetime cycle. Bulletin 154 presented a general approach and concepts to be applied to dam operation. The current Bulletin 175 extends the developed concepts to all phases preceding the operational phase. Many risks associated with the operation of existing dams have their origins in other phases preceding the actual operation. Although there are numerous ICOLD Bulletins addressing technical aspects of planning, design, construction and commissioning of dams, there is not a single Bulletin which covers the subject in a comprehensive manner. The current document is a first attempt to capture all relevant dam safety aspects in all preoperational phases by systematically characterizing the actors involved, their roles, the activities and complex interactions present in different phases of the dam lifecycle. An Overarching Safety Management System is specifically developed that can be applied to all actors involved.
La gestion de la sécurité des barrages est une préoccupation majeure pendant tout le cycle de vie d'un projet de barrage. Cela est particulièrement vrai pour la phase opérationnelle du système qui représente de loin la période la plus longue de son cycle de vie. Le Bulletin 154 présente une approche générale et des concepts à appliquer à l'exploitation des barrages. Le Bulletin 175 actuel étend les concepts développés à toutes les phases précédant la phase d'exploitation. De nombreux risques associés à l'exploitation des barrages existants ont leur origine dans d'autres phases précédant l'exploitation proprement dite. Bien qu'il existe de nombreux bulletins ICOLD traitant des aspects techniques de la planification, de la conception, de la construction et de la mise en service des barrages, il n'existe pas un seul bulletin qui couvre le sujet de manière exhaustive. Le document actuel est une première tentative de capturer tous les aspects pertinents de la sécurité des barrages dans toutes les phases pré-opérationnelles en caractérisant systématiquement les acteurs impliqués, leurs rôles, les activités et les interactions complexes présentes dans les différentes phases du cycle de vie du barrage. Un système global de gestion de la sécurité est spécifiquement développé et peut être appliqué à tous les acteurs impliqués.
Preguntas frecuentes
Información
1. Introduction
1.1. WHY THIS BULLETIN?
1.2. IMPORTANCE OF DAM SAFETY AT ALL DEVELOPMENT STAGES
1.3. OVERARCHING PRINCIPLES
- Justification for dams: Dams should be constructed and operated only if they yield an overall benefit to society.
- Fundamental Dam Safety Objective: The fundamental dam safety objective is to protect people, property and the environment from harmful effects of misoperation or failure of dams and reservoirs.
- Responsibility for Operational Integrity and Safety: The prime responsibility for operational integrity and safety of a dam should rest with the Dam Owner.
- Role of Government: The legal and governmental framework for all industrial activities, including operation of dams, provides the overarching structures for operational integrity and safety assurance.
- Leadership and management for Safety: Effective leadership and management for operational integrity and safety should be established and sustained over the life cycle of the dam.
- Balancing of Protection across Competing Objectives: Protection should seek to achieve a balance across competing objectives to provide the highest level of operational integrity and safety that can reasonably be achieved.
- Limitation of Risk to Individuals and Society: Measures for controlling risks from dams should ensure that no individual bears an unacceptable risk of harm, and that the risks to society do not exceed the risk tolerance levels of society.
- Sustainability of Dams and Reservoirs: In order to secure the societal value, dams and reservoirs must be sustained in the long term. To ensure sustainability of dams, all reasonably practicable efforts should be made to prevent and mitigate failures and accidents.
- Emergency Preparedness and Response: Appropriate arrangements should be made for emergency preparedness and response for dam failures and accidents.
- Justification for Dams
- Fundamental Safety Objective
- Balancing of Protection across Competing Objectives
- Limitation of Risk to Individuals and Society
- Sustainability of Dams and Reservoirs
- Emergency Preparedness and Response
Responsibility for Integrity and Safety in the Pre-Operational Phases
Role of Government
Leadership and Management for Safety in the Pre-Operational Phases
1.4. BULLETIN STRUCTURE
- Dam development phases and role of the various actors are presented in a first section (Chap. 2) of the Bulletin. Contractual relations and interdependency of the actors are also briefly described and commented.
- In the following section (Chap.3) the various risks involved in design and construction of dams are described. The influence of nontechnical (human) factors is stressed and the importance of uncertainty in dam design and construction is discussed. The need to improve knowledge of the prevailing conditions by investigation is also presented. General rules for minimizing risks in the development of a dam project are proposed.
- The need of defining an overarching safety management system for all actors is presented in Chap. 4. Starting from safety objectives their transformation in implementable actions is de...