Client Server Networks
Client-server networks are a type of computing system where client devices, such as computers or mobile devices, request services or resources from central servers. The servers store and manage data and applications, while clients access and use these resources. This architecture allows for efficient resource sharing, centralized management, and scalability in networked environments.
3 Key excerpts on "Client Server Networks"
eBook - ePub- Andy Bailey(Author)
- 2013(Publication Date)
- Routledge(Publisher)
...This is analogous to a customer or client who sends an order or request on an order form to a supplier or server, who then dispatches the goods along with an invoice. In this case, the order form and invoice are part of an agreed protocol used to communicate. There may be one centralized server or several distributed ones. The client–server model allows clients and servers to be placed independently as nodes on a network, possibly using different hardware and operating systems appropriate to their function. This allows organizations to deploy relatively cheap generic clients with a fast and more expensive server. At the time, this was a marked change from the mainframe and midrange environments in that some of the processing of data was performed on the client computer. Mainframes and other centralized environments, on the other hand, performed all the processing on the central computer, with textual results distributed to the end user. In these cases, the end user’s computer would usually be a dumb terminal only capable of displaying information, with no internal computing capacity of its own. In contrast, the client–server environment requires only that the central computer stores files and information, which are delivered to the client upon request. The client device accepts the files or information, and the central server is freed from responsibility until the next request. Client–server environments have developed since this early definition to cope with more and more of the processing, especially in transaction-based environments such as databases. In this case, the server will store the database and perform certain requests such as adding, deleting and updating records within a database, according to requests from the client, as well as performing more complex requests such as reporting and searching. This client–server environment proved to be far more than just a trend, and has been adopted wholesale within organizations’ computing environments today...
eBook - ePubCybercrime and Information Technology
Theory and Practice: The Computer Network Infostructure and Computer Security, Cybersecurity Laws, Internet of Things (IoT), and Mobile Devices
- Alex Alexandrou(Author)
- 2021(Publication Date)
- CRC Press(Publisher)
...A node can create, process, recognize, receive, transmit, or store data and requires a unique address for identification to be part of a network. Examples of nodes include computers, network bridges, IoT devices, modems, printers, routers, and switches. 15 A “client” is a computing device that can utilize and share network resources. A computing device on a TCP/IP network that handles network and node requests for applications and offers resources and services is called a “host.” An example is a server that provides clients with network connectivity and access to information stored in databases. A host is also a physical network node. Figures 5.7 and 5.8 demonstrate the client server process. 15 The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). Retrieved from https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2460#section-2 FIGURE 5.7 A network with two clients and a server. FIGURE 5.8 The client-server communication. In a corporate setting, a network will include a client computer for every employee connected to a server. The client sends and receives requests. A server provides resources to the client such as access to the Internet and to connections like printers, files, programs, and external processing power. Communication occurs when the client sends a message to the server over the network and then waits for a reply. When the server receives the request, it will process it and send back a reply. The purpose of networking is back-and-forth communication. A network allows computing devices to exchange packets of data safely and securely. To be able to comprehend complex network interactions, we need to understand in detail all the devices that comprise it...
- James M Sinopoli(Author)
- 2009(Publication Date)
- Butterworth-Heinemann(Publisher)
...One is the capability to perform network address translation (NAT). Typically NAT is used to allow multiple users or devices to access the Internet using one public IP address. Years ago this type of translation was a tool to deal with the unavailability of IPv4 addresses. More recently it is used to hide an internal network structure by making it appear that all network traffic is originating from the Layer 4 switch rather than the devices on the internal network. Because NAT involves translating IP addresses more processing is required and the model of the end-to-end connectivity across the Internet is somewhat blemished. Layer 4 switches may also do load balancing. With this feature the switch resource utilization and traffic throughput is optimized. An example is a server farm where the network switch may direct traffic across several servers to balance the load. The switch uses policies or filters to identify and manage application specific traffic. Network Servers Servers are connected to LANs and provide a variety of resources to both network users and network administrators. A common application provides network users with connectivity to the Internet and shared Internet firewalls. Servers have many other uses including hosting web pages and email applications, centralized databases or software applications, printing applications and network administration capabilities. Thus the categories for servers are database servers, applications servers, communications servers, file servers, print servers, proxy servers, and web servers. From a hardware perspective servers must operate under the heavy demand of a network environment. Their configurations can vary from a desktop PC to a mainframe computer. Most servers are built for a production environment with fast CPUs, multiple processors, hardware redundancy in disks and power supplies, large storage capacity and specialized operating systems and software applications...
