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Approfondimenti bibliografici
I. Lo studio del paesaggio antico-orientale
1. Viaggiatori e rovine
Ho formulato in maniera più dettagliata la mia visione della vicenda in Immaginare Babele. Due secoli di studi sulla città orientale antica, Roma-Bari (Laterza) 2013. Sulla storia delle esplorazioni archeologiche nel Vicino Oriente nel Sette-Ottocento si vedano David George Hogarth, The Penetration of Arabia: A Record of the Development of Western Knowledge Concerning the Arabian Peninsula, London (Rivers) 1905; Hermann V. Hilprecht, Explorations in Bible Lands during the 19th Century, Edinburgh-Philadelphia (A.J. Holmand and Co.) 1903; Frederick Bliss, The Development of Palestine Exploration, London (Hodder & Stoughton) 1906; Robert Alexander Stewart Macalister, A Century of Excavations in Palestine, London (The Religious Tract Society) 1925; Yehoshua Ben-Arieh, The Rediscovery of the Holy Land in the Nineteenth Century, Jerusalem (Magnes Press) 1979; Neil A. Silberman, Digging for God and Country. Explorations in the Holy Land, 1799-1917, New York-London (Anchor Books, Doubleday) 1982; Peter Roger Stuart Moorey, A Century of Biblical Archaeology, Cambridge UK (Lutterworth Press) 1991; Steven W. Holloway (ed.), Orientalism, Assyriology, and the Bible, Sheffield (Phoenix Press) 2006.
La spedizione danese è pubblicata da Carsten Niebuhr, Reisebeschreibung von Arabien und anderen umliegenden Ländern, I-II, Copenhagen (Nicolaus Möller) 1774-78. Di Constantin-François Volney si vedano il Voyage en Égypte et en Syrie, Paris (Imprimerie Nationale) 1787, e Les ruines, ou Méditation sur les révolutions des empires, Paris 1791. Sulla “Euphrates Expedition” inglese si veda William Francis Ainsworth, A Personal Narrative of the Euphrates Expedition, I-II, London (Kegan Paul 1888); su quella americana John Punnett Peters, Nippur or Explorations and Adventures on the Euphrates, I-II, New York-London (G.P. Putnam’s Sons) 1897. Sulla spedizione al Mar Morto si veda William F. Lynch, Narrative of the United States Expedition to the River Jordan and the Dead Sea, Philadelphia (Lee and Blanchard) 1849. Per il viaggio di Ernest Renan, la sua Mission en Phénicie, Paris (Imprimerie Nationale) 1864-74.
Sui primi scavi in Assiria: Paul-Émile Botta e Eugène Flandin, Monument de Ninive, I-V, Paris (Imprimerie Nationale) 1849-50; Austen H. Layard, Nineveh and Its Remains, I-II, London (Murray) 1849; Id., The Monuments of Nineveh, I-II, London (Murray) 1849-53; Id., Discoveries in the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon, London (Murray) 1853.
Sull’esplorazione della Palestina: Edward Robinson e Eli Smith, Biblical Researches in Palestine and in Adjacent Regions, I-III, London-Boston (Crocker & Brewster) 1841-56; Claude R. Conder e Horatio H. Kitchener, The Survey of Western Palestine, I-IX, London (Palestine Oriental Society) 1881-88; Id. – Id., The Survey of Eastern Palestine, London (Palestine Exploration Fund) 1889. Le ricognizioni di Alois Musil sono da lui edite in Arabia Petraea, I-III, Wien (Hölder) 1907-08; The Northern Hegaz, New York (American Geographical Society) 1926; Arabia Deserta. A Topographical Itinerary, New York (American Geographical Society) 1927; The Middle Euphrates, New York (American Geographical Society) 1927; Northern Nejd, New York (American Geographical Society) 1928. Quelle di Nelson Glueck in Explorations in Eastern Palestine, I-IV, New Haven (ASOR) 1933-49; The Other Side of Jordan, New Haven (ASOR) 1970.
Sul mito dell’Eden, fra l’altro, John M. Evans, Paradise Lost and the Genesis Tradition, Oxford (Clarendon Press) 1968; Max F. Schulz, Paradise Preserved: Recreation of Eden in Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century England, Cambridge (University Press) 1986; Paul Morris e Deborah Sawyer (eds.), A Walk in the Garden. Biblical, Iconographical and Literary Images of Eden (JSOT Suppl. 136), Sheffield (JSOT Press) 1992; Terje Stordalen, Man, Soil, Garden: Basic Plot in Genesis 2-3 Reconsidered, in JSOT 53 (1992), pp. 3-26.
2. Lo studio del paesaggio
L’opera che ha dato avvio agli studi storici sul paesaggio è quella di Marc Bloch, Les caractères originaux de l’histoire rurale française, Paris (Belles Lettres) 1931. In Italia Emilio Sereni, Comunità rurali nell’Italia antica, Roma (Edizioni Rinascita) 1955 e Storia del paesaggio agrario italiano, Bari (Laterza) 1961. Per un’introduzione generale si vedano Ester Boserup, The Conditions of Agricultural Growth, Chicago (Aldine) 1965; Franco Cambi e Nicola Terrenato, Introduzione all’archeologia dei paesaggi, Roma (Carocci) 1998; Sytze Bottema, Gertie Entjes-Nieborg e Willem van Zeist (eds.), Population and Technology, Oxford (Blackwell) 1981. Per un’introduzione specifica sull’antico Oriente si vedano William Brice, The Environmental History of the Near and Middle East since the Last Ice Age, London (Academic) 1978; Jean Sapin, La géographie humaine de la Syrie-Palestine au deuxième millénaire avant Jésus Christ, in JESHO 24 (1981), pp. 1-62; 25 (1982), pp. 1-49, 114-186; Willem van Zeist e Sytze Bottema, Vegetational History of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Near East during the Last 20,000 Years, in John L. Bintliff e Willem van Zeist (eds.), Palaeoclimates, Palaeoenvironments and Human Communities in the Eastern Mediterranean Region in Later Prehistory (BAR Int. 133), Oxford (BAR Publishing) 1982; Malcolm Wagstaff, The Evolution of Middle Eastern Landscapes, London (Croom Helm) 1985; Glenn M. Schwartz e Steven E. Falconer (eds.), Archaeological Views from the Countryside. Village Communities in Early Complex Societies, Washington (Smithsonian Institution Press) 1994; Mario Liverani, Reconstructing the Rural Landscape of the Ancient Near East, in JESHO 39 (1996), pp. 1-49; Tony J. Wilkinson, Archaeological Landscapes of the Near East, Tucson (The University of Arizona Press)...
