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The Natural History of the Soul in Ancient Mexico
About this book
This fascinating, richly illustrated book explores basic Precolumbian beliefs about the soul among ancient Mesoamerican peoples. It focuses on the Central Mexican Aztecsâcalled the Mexicaâwho believed in multiple souls that animated the body, gave humans their shared and individual characteristics, and survived the body after death.
Drawing on a wide range of sources, including visual representations on Precolumbian monuments, colonial Spanish chronicles, early medical and travel accounts, and modern ethnography, Jill McKeever Furst argues that the Mexica turned not to mental or linguistic constructions for verifying ideas about the soul but to what they experienced through the senses. According to McKeever Furst, Mexica definitions and characterizations of the souls were influenced by their observations of human physiologyâincluding birth, temperature changes in the body, normal aging, and the processes of death and dyingâand by their experiences with their environment, specifically the lands near lakes that provided them with unusual visual and olfactory sensations (one of the souls is based on the odor of marshes). Providing as supporting evidence native beliefs about the soul in the ideologies of other Uto-Aztecan speakers ranging from the United States to Central America, McKeever Furst challenges deconstructionist theories that cultural phenomena are purely mental constructs.
Jill Leslie McKeever Furst is professor of art history at Moore College of Art and Design in Philadelphia and consulting scholar in the American section of the University of Pennsylvania Museum.Â
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Information
Table of contents
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- 1. The Evolving Soul
- 2. The Mexica and Their Souls
- 3. The Yolia and the Soul
- 4. The Yolia as a Bird
- 5. The Winged Soul, Universality and Natural History
- 6. The Yolia as Breath
- 7. The Yolia as Shadowy Double
- 8. The Yolia as Stone
- 9. The Tonalli and Fire Drilling
- 10. The Tonalli as Sumptuary Art
- 11. The Tonalli as Name and Astrological Sign
- 12. The Tonalli and Physical Resemblance
- 13. The Tonalli, Body Temperature and Neonates
- 14. The Tonalli and Advice at Puberty
- 15. Soul Loss and Aging
- 16. The Tonalli and the Cold Body
- 17. The Tonalli as Body Part
- 18. Blood, Shock and Sacrifice
- 19. The Spirit, the Air and the Winds
- 20. The Aires as Spirits, Gods and the Returning Dead
- 21. The Glowing Ihiyotl, the Winds and the Aires
- 22. The Ignis Fatuus and the Ihiyotl
- 23. The Foul-Smelling Ihiyotl
- POSTSCRIPT
- NOTES
- BIBLIOGRAPHY
- INDEX