Xenophon on Violence

Aggelos Kapellos

• Publisher: De Gruyter
• Year: 2019
• eBook ISBN: 9783110671537
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Letteratura
• Subtopic: Critica letteraria antica e classica

This volume examines the issue of violence in Xenophon's works, who lived in circumstances of war for many years. All the papers address issues of violence from different aspects. The exclusive focus on this issue is justified, since no previous detailed study exists on the subject. Most of the chapters focus on the Hellenica, because this work records more aspects of violence than the rest of his works. The volume is more concerned with examining violence in practice rather than the theory of violence, and violent practices are more frequently recorded in the Hellenica, which is the main historical work of Xenophon.This volume attempts to provide a comprehensive study of the subject of violence in Xenophon's works and to demonstrate the coherence and consistency of his thought on it. This work aspires to be a contribution to classical scholarship since it attempts to: (1) shed further light on the literary character of Xenophon's oeuvre; (2) offer new interpretation of passages and themes; and (3) put emphasis on passages that scholars have not pointed out and which offer important insights to the thought of Xenophon.

General Index

• Accountability 1
• Adeimantus 1, 2
• Agesilaus 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21
• Alexander (the Great) 1, 2
• Anger 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
• Arginousae 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
• Argos 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
• Assembly 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
• Athens 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27
• Battle(s) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29
• Cadmea 1, 2
• Callibius 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
• Captives 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
• Corinth 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
• Court (s) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
• Cyrus 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
• Civil strife (Stasis) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
• Council (ors) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
• Democracy 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13
• Dercylidas 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
• Discipline 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13
• Eleusis 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
• Empire 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
• Ephor(s) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
• Euphron (of Sicyon) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
• (the) Four Hundred 1, 2, 3, 4
• Force (s) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30
• Gerousia (Spartan) 1, 2
• Hoplites 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
• Hybris 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
• Justice 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16
• Law 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15
• Lechaeum 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
• Leuctra 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13
• Lysander 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
• Massacre 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
• Metic(s) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
• Monarch (y) 1, 2
• Oligarchy 1 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
• Persia 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
• Rule (of law) 1, 2, 3
• (the) Thirty 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15
• Critias 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
• Elite 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
• Official(s) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10
• Persuasion 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
• Philocles 1, 2, 3
• Phyle 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
• Physis (nature) 1, 2, 11,29, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14
• Phlius 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
• Power 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27
• Procedure (s) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
• Punishment 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13
• Sicyon 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
• Slaughter 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
• Slave(s) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
• Socrates 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
• Solon 1, 2, 3
• Soldier(s) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16
• Sparta 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22
• Sphodrias 1, 2, 3, 4
• Stick(s) 1
• Stoning 1
• Thrasybulus 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
• Three Thousand 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
• Ten Thousand 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
• Thebes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
• Theramenes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11
• Thibron 1, 2, 3
• Threat 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
• Thucydides 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20
• Trial(s) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 54,62, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23
• Trierarch(s) 1
• Tyrant(s) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18
• Violence 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28
• Whip 1, 2

Endnotes

1 I am most grateful to Prof. P.J. Rhodes, Prof. C. Bearzot, Prof. A. Wolpert, Prof. I.N. Perysinakis, Dr. E. Foster and Dr. P.A. Tuci for reading this chapter and commenting on it.

2 For this short biographical sketch I draw heavily on Lee, 2017, 15–36. However, also see the footnotes of the papers published here, which contribute to the subjec...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright
• Contents
• Introduction
• The notion of violence (bia, hybris) in Xenophon's work
• Apronoētos Orgē: the Role of Anger in Xenophon’s Vision of History
• Lawfulness and Violence in Decision-Making in Xenophon’s Hellenica
• Violence and Civil Strife in Xenophon’s Hellenica
• Minor Infantry Defeats and Spartan Deaths in Xenophon’s Hellenica
• Violence and the State in Xenophon: A Study of Three Passages
• The Rhetoric of Violence in Xenophon’s Anabasis
• Xenophon’s βίαιος διδάσκαλος: Thinking War and Empire in the Cyropaedia
• The Greek reaction to the slaughter of the Athenian captives at Aegospotami and Xenophon’s Hellenica
• Xenophon on the Violence of the Thirty
• Notes on Contributors
• Index of Sources
• General Index