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Born To Walk
The Transformative Power of a Pedestrian Act
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eBook - ePub
Born To Walk
The Transformative Power of a Pedestrian Act
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About This Book
The humble act of putting one foot in front of the other transcends age, geography, culture and class, and is one of the most economical and environmentally responsible modes of transit. Yet with our modern fixation on speed, this healthy pedestrian activity has been largely left behind. At a personal and professional crossroads, writer, editor and obsessive walker Dan Rubinstein travelled throughout the UK, the US and Canada to walk with people who saw the act not only as a form of transportation and recreation, but also as a path to a better world.
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SOURCES
The majority of the interviews referenced below were completed specifically for this book. Others were simultaneously conducted for articles that were published in The Walrus, the Globe and Mail, The Economist, enRoute, Canadian Business, Ottawa Magazine, Spacing, Cottage Life and explore, where portions of the book have appeared.
PROLOGUE
āPerhaps walking is best imaginedā: Rebecca Solnit, Wanderlust: A History of Walking (Penguin, 2001), 250.
āI walk in order to somatically medicate myselfā: Will Self, āLeaving His Footprints on the City,ā New York Times, 23 March 2012.
āMediated boredomā: Evgeny Morozov, āOnly Disconnect,ā The New Yorker, 28 October 2013.
ā[A] state in which the mind, the body, and the world are aligned,ā Solnit, Wanderlust, 5.
āFrench philosopher FrĆ©dĆ©ric Grosā: FrĆ©dĆ©ric Gros, A Philosophy of Walking (Verso, 2014).
āBritish author Nick Huntā: Nick Hunt, Walking the Woods and the Water: In Patrick Leigh Fermorās Footsteps From the Hook of Holland to the Golden Horn (Nicholas Brealey, 2014).
āHistorian Matthew Algeoā: Matthew Algeo, Pedestrianism: When Watching People Walk Was Americaās Favorite Spectator Sport (Chicago Review Press, 2014).
āNaturalist Trevor Herriotā: Trevor Herriot, The Road Is How: A Prairie Pilgrimage Through Nature, Desire and Soul (HarperCollins Canada, 2014).
1: BODY
Interviews with Stanley Vollant and other Innu Meshkenu walk participants, February and March 2013, between Manawan, QC, and Rapid Lake, QC.
āCanadaās 1.4 million Aboriginal peopleā: www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/as-sa/99-011-x/99-011-x2011001-eng.cfm.
āAboriginal men and women die an averageā: Statistics Canada, Life Expectancy, www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/89-645-x/2010001/life-expectancy-esperance-vie-eng.htm.
āInfant mortality rateā: Assembly of First Nations, āFact Sheet ā Quality of Life of First Nations,ā June 2011, www.afn.ca/uploads/files/factsheets/quality_of_life_final_fe.pdf.
āChronic medical conditionā: Health Canada, First Nations and Inuit Health, www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fniah-spnia/diseases-maladies/index-eng.php.
āFirst Nations children ā¦ overweight or obeseā: Public Health Agency of Canada, Obesity in Canada ā Snapshot, www .phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/2009/oc/index-eng.php.
āA full-blown crisisā: Heart and Stroke Foundation, āA perfect storm of heart disease looming on our horizon,ā 25 January 2010, www.heartandstroke.com/atf/cf/{99452D8B-E7F1-4BD6-A57D-B136CE6C95BF}/Jan23_EN_ReportCard.pdf.
āStatistics on ā¦ incarcerationā: Office of the Correctional Investigator, Annual Report 2012ā2013, www.oci-bec.gc.ca/cnt/rpt/annrpt/annrpt20122013-eng.aspx.
āMost common cause of deathā: Health Canada, First Nations & Inuit Health, www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fniah-spnia/promotion/mental/index-eng.php.
āYoungest and fastest-growing demographic groupā: Statistics Canada, Aboriginal Peoples in Canada, www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/as-sa/99-011-x/99-011-x2011001-eng.cfm.
āIndian Timeā: Duncan McCue, Reporting in Indigenous Communities, www.riic.ca/the-guide/in-the-field/indian-time/.
Interviews with Jean-Charles Fortin, February and March 2013, between Manawan, QC, and Rapid Lake, QC.
āAmericans are in the habitā: Jeff Speck, Walkable City: How Downtown Can Save America, One Step at a Time (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012), 101.
āA pedometer studyā: Tom Vanderbilt, āThe Crisis in American Walking,ā Slate, 10 April 2012, www.slate.com/articles/life/walking/2012/04/why_don_t_americans_walk_more_the_crisis_of_pedestrianism_.html.
āThe decline of walkingā: Vanderbilt, āThe Crisis in American Walking.ā
Tom Vanderbilt, Traffic: Why We Drive the Way We Do (and What It Says About Us) (Vintage, 2008).
āLondon physiologist Richard Dollā: Richard Doll and Austin Bradford Hill, āSmoking and Carcinoma of the Lung: Preliminary Report,ā British Medical Journal 2 (30 September 1950): 739ā748.
āBritish health minister Iain Macleodā: The National Archives, The Cabinet Papers 1915ā1984, www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/cabinetpapers/themes/one-page.htm.
āLondon doctor Jerry Morrisā: Simon Kuper, āThe Man Who Invented Exercise,ā FT Magazine, 12 September 2009, www .ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/e6ff90ea-9da2-11de-9f4a-00144feabdc0 .html#axzz3E3QFLQUS.
āCoronary Heart-Disease and Physical Activity of Work,ā Jerry Morris, The Lancet 262, no. 6795 (November 1953): 1053ā1057.
āUpright ambulationā: Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, humanorigins.si.edu/human-characteristics/walking; and Erin Wayman, āBecoming Human,ā Smithsonian, 6 August 2012, www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/becoming-human-the-evolution-of-walking-upright-13837658/?no-ist.
āUsing a stiff legā: Jennifer Ackerman, āThe Downside of Upright,ā National Geographic, July 2006.
āThe Brain from Top to Bottomā: thebrain.mcgill.ca.
āNarrow birth canalsā: Ackerman, āThe Downside of Upright.ā
āA lot of basic movementsā: Peter Tyson, āOur Improbably Ability to Walk,ā NOVA, 20 September 2012, www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/body/our-ability-to-walk.html.
āWalking upright ā¦ made our species smarterā: Richard Shine and James Shine, āDelegation to automaticity: the driving force for cognitive evolution?ā Frontiers in Neuroscience 8, no. 90 (29 April 2014).
āEvolution...