CHAPTER I.
Ā Ā They, too, retired
Ā Ā To the wilderness, but 'twas with arms. PARADISE
REGAINED.
Ā Ā The burning sun of Syria had not yet attained its
highest point in the horizon, when a knight of the Red Cross, who
had left his distant northern home and joined the host of the
Crusaders in Palestine, was pacing slowly along the sandy deserts
which lie in the vicinity of the Dead Sea, or, as it is called, the
Lake Asphaltites, where the waves of the Jordan pour themselves
into an inland sea, from which there is no discharge of waters.
Ā Ā The warlike pilgrim had toiled among cliffs and
precipices during the earlier part of the morning. More lately,
issuing from those rocky and dangerous defiles, he had entered upon
that great plain, where the accursed cities provoked, in ancient
days, the direct and dreadful vengeance of the Omnipotent.
Ā Ā The toil, the thirst, the dangers of the way, were
forgotten, as the traveller recalled the fearful catastrophe which
had converted into an arid and dismal wilderness the fair and
fertile valley of Siddim, once well watered, even as the Garden of
the Lord, now a parched and blighted waste, condemned to eternal
sterility.
Ā Ā Crossing himself, as he viewed the dark mass of
rolling waters, in colour as in duality unlike those of any other
lake, the traveller shuddered as he remembered that beneath these
sluggish waves lay the once proud cities of the plain, whose grave
was dug by the thunder of the heavens, or the eruption of
subterraneous fire, and whose remains were hid, even by that sea
which holds no living fish in its bosom, bears no skiff on its
surface, and, as if its own dreadful bed were the only fit
receptacle for its sullen waters, sends not, like other lakes, a
tribute to the ocean. The whole land around, as in the days of
Moses, was "brimstone and salt; it is not sown, nor beareth, nor
any grass groweth thereon." The land as well as the lake might be
termed dead, as producing nothing having resemblance to vegetation,
and even the very air was entirely devoid of its ordinary winged
inhabitants, deterred probably by the odour of bitumen and sulphur
which the burning sun exhaled from the waters of the lake in
steaming clouds, frequently assuming the appearance of waterspouts.
Masses of the slimy and sulphureous substance called naphtha, which
floated idly on the sluggish and sullen waves, supplied those
rolling clouds with new vapours, and afforded awful testimony to
the truth of the Mosaic history.
Ā Ā Upon this scene of desolation the sun shone with
almost intolerable splendour, and all living nature seemed to have
hidden itself from the rays, excepting the solitary figure which
moved through the flitting sand at a foot's pace, and appeared the
sole breathing thing on the wide surface of the plain. The dress of
the rider and the accoutrements of his horse were peculiarly unfit
for the traveller in such a country. A coat of linked mail, with
long sleeves, plated gauntlets, and a steel breastplate, had not
been esteemed a sufficient weight of armour; there were also his
triangular shield suspended round his neck, and his barred helmet
of steel, over which he had a hood and collar of mail, which was
drawn around the warrior's shoulders and throat, and filled up the
vacancy between the hauberk and the headpiece. His lower limbs were
sheathed, like his body, in flexible mail, securing the legs and
thighs, while the feet rested in plated shoes, which corresponded
with the gauntlets. A long, broad, straight-shaped, double-edged
falchion, with a handle formed like a cross, corresponded with a
stout poniard on the other side. The knight also bore, secured to
his saddle, with one end resting on his stirrup, the long
steel-headed lance, his own proper weapon, which, as he rode,
projected backwards, and displayed its little pennoncelle, to dally
with the faint breeze, or drop in the dead calm. To this cumbrous
equipment must be added a surcoat of embroidered cloth, much frayed
and worn, which was thus far useful that it excluded the burning
rays of the sun from the armour, which they would otherwise have
rendered intolerable to the wearer. The surcoat bore, in several
places, the arms of the owner, although much defaced. These seemed
to be a couchant leopard, with the motto, "I sleep; wake me not."
An outline of the same device might be traced on his shield, though
many a blow had almost effaced the painting. The flat top of his
cumbrous cylindrical helmet was unadorned with any crest. In
retaining their own unwieldy defensive armour, the Northern
Crusaders seemed to set at defiance the nature of the climate and
country to which they had come to war.
Ā Ā The accoutrements of the horse were scarcely less
massive and unwieldy than those of the rider. The animal had a
heavy saddle plated with steel, uniting in front with a species of
breastplate, and behind with defensive armour made to cover the
loins. Then there was a steel axe, or hammer, called a mace-of-
arms, and which hung to the saddle-bow. The reins were secured by
chain-work, and the front-stall of the bridle was a steel plate,
with apertures for the eyes and nostrils, having in the midst a
short, sharp pike, projecting from the forehead of the horse like
the horn of the fabulous unicorn.
Ā Ā But habit had made the endurance of this load of
panoply a second nature, both to the knight and his gallant
charger. Numbers, indeed, of the Western warriors who hurried to
Palestine died ere they became inured to the burning climate; but
there were others to whom that climate became innocent and even
friendly, and among this fortunate number was the solitary horseman
who now traversed the border of the Dead Sea.
Ā Ā Nature, which cast his limbs in a mould of uncommon
strength, fitted to wear his linked hauberk with as much ease as if
the meshes had been formed of cobwebs, had endowed him with a
constitution as strong as his limbs, and which bade defiance to
almost all changes of climate, as well as to fatigue and privations
of every kind. His disposition seemed, in some degree, to partake
of the qualities of his bodily frame; and as the one possessed
great strength and endurance, united with the power of violent
exertion, the other, under a calm and undisturbed semblance, had
much of the fiery and enthusiastic love of glory which constituted
the principal attribute of the renowned Norman line, and had
rendered them sovereigns in every corner of Europe where they had
drawn their adventurous swords.
Ā Ā It was not, however, to all the race that fortune
proposed such tempting rewards; and those obtained by the solitary
knight during two years' campaign in Palestine had been only
temporal fame, and, as he was taught to believe, spiritual
privileges. Meantime, his slender stock of money had melted away,
the rather that he did not pursue any of the ordinary modes by
which the followers of the Crusade condescended to recruit their
diminished resources at the expense of the people of Palestine - he
exacted no gifts from the wretched natives for sparing their
possessions when engaged in warfare with the Saracens, and he had
not availed himself of any opportunity of enriching himself by the
ransom of prisoners of consequence. The small train which had
followed him from his native country had been gradually diminished,
as the means of maintaining them disappeared, and his only
remaining squire was at present on a sick-bed, and unable to attend
his master, who travelled, as we have seen, singly and alone. This
was of little consequence to the Crusader, who was accustomed to
consider his good sword as his safest escort, and devout thoughts
as his best companion.
Ā Ā Nature had, however, her demands for refreshment and
repose even on the iron frame and patient disposition of the Knight
of the Sleeping Leopard; and at noon, when the Dead Sea lay at some
distance on his right, he joyfully hailed the sight of two or three
palm-trees, which arose beside the well which was assigned for his
mid-day station. His good horse, too, which had plodded forward
with the steady endurance of his master, now lifted his head,
expanded his nostrils, and quickened his pace, as if he snuffed
afar off the living waters which marked the place of repose and
refreshment. But labour and danger were doomed to intervene ere the
horse or horseman reached the desired spot.
Ā Ā As the Knight of the Couchant Leopard continued to
fix his eyes attentively on the yet distant cluster of palm-trees,
it seemed to him as if some object was moving among them. The
distant form separated itself from the trees, which partly hid its
motions, and advanced towards the knight with a speed which soon
showed a mounted horseman, whom his turban, long spear, and green
caftan floating in the wind, on his nearer approach showed to be a
Saracen cavalier. "In the desert," saith an Eastern proverb, "no
man meets a friend." The Crusades was totally indifferent whether
the infidel, who now approached on his gallant barb as if borne on
the wings of an eagle, came as friend or foe - perhaps, as a vowed
champion of the Cross, he might rather have preferred the latter.
He disengaged his lance from his saddle, seized it with the right
hand, placed it in rest with its point half elevated, gathered up
the reins in the left, waked his horse's mettle with the spur, and
prepared to encounter the stranger with the calm self-confidence
belonging to the victor in many contests.
Ā Ā The Saracen came on at the speedy gallop of an Arab
horseman, managing his steed more by his limbs and the inflection
of his body than by any use of the reins, which hung loose in his
left hand; so that he was enabled to wield the light, round buckler
of the skin of the rhinoceros, ornamented with silver loops, which
he wore on his arm, swinging it as if he meant to oppose its
slender circle to the formidable thrust of the Western lance. His
own long spear was not couched or levelled like that of his
antagonist, but grasped by the middle with his right hand, and
brandished at arm's-length above his head. As the cavalier
approached his enemy at full career, he seemed to expect that the
Knight of the Leopard should put his horse to the gallop to
encounter him. But the Christian knight, well acquainted with the
customs of Eastern warriors, did not mean to exhaust his good horse
by any unnecessary exertion; and, on the contrary, made a dead
halt, confident that if the enemy advanced to the actual shock, his
own weight, and that of his powerful charger, would give him
sufficient advantage, without the additional momentum of rapid
motion. Equally sensible and apprehensive of such a probable
result, the Saracen cavalier, when he had approached towards the
Christian within twice the length of his lance, wheeled his steed
to the left with inimitable dexterity, and rode twice around his
antagonist, who, turning without quitting his ground, and
presenting his front constantly to his enemy, frustrated his
attempts to attack him on an unguarded point; so that the Saracen,
wheeling his horse, was fain to retreat to the distance of a
hundred yards. A second time, like a hawk attacking a heron, the
heathen renewed the charge, and a second time was fain to retreat
without coming to a close struggle. A third time he approached in
the same manner, when the Christian knight, desirous to terminate
this illusory warfare, in which he might at length have been worn
out by the activity of his foeman, suddenly seized the mace which
hung at his saddle-bow, and, with a strong hand and unerring aim,
hurled it against the head of the Emir, for such and not less his
enemy appeared. The Saracen was just aware of the formidable
missile in time to interpose his light buckler betwixt the mace and
his head; but the violence of the blow forced the buckler down on
his turban, and though that defence also contributed to deaden its
violence, the Saracen was beaten from his horse. Ere the Christian
could avail himself of this mishap, his nimble foeman sprung from
the ground, and, calling on his steed, which instantly returned to
his side, he leaped into his seat without touching the stirrup, and
regained all the advantage of which the Knight of the Leopard hoped
to deprive him. But the latter had in the meanwhile recovered his
mace, and the Eastern cavalier, who remembered the strength and
dexterity with which his antagonist had aimed it, seemed to keep
cautiously out of reach of that weapon of which he had so lately
felt the force, while he showed his purpose of waging a distant
warfare with missile weapons of his own. Planting his long spear in
the sand at a distance from the scene of combat, he strung, with
great address, a short bow, which he carried at his back; and
putting his horse to the gallop, once more described two or three
circles of a wider extent than formerly, in the course of which he
discharged six arrows at the Christian with such unerring skill
that the goodness of his harness alone saved him from being wounded
in as many places. The seventh shaft apparently found a less
perfect part of the armour, and the Christian dropped heavily from
his horse. But what was the surprise of the Saracen, when,
dismounting to examine the condition of his prostrate enemy, he
found himself suddenly within the grasp of the European, who had
had recourse to this artifice to bring his enemy within his reach!
Even in this deadly grapple the Saracen was saved by his agility
and presence of mind. He unloosed the sword-belt, in which the
Knight of the Leopard had fixed his hold, and, thus eluding his
fatal grasp, mounted his horse, which seemed to watch his motions
with the intelligence of a human being, and again rode off. But in
the last encounter the Saracen had lost his sword and his quiver of
arrows, both of which were attached to the girdle which he was
obliged to abandon. He had also lost his turban in the
struggle.
Ā Ā These disadvantages seemed to incline the Moslem to
a truce. He approached the Christian with his right hand extended,
but no longer in a menacing attitude.
Ā Ā "There is truce betwixt our nations," he said, in
the lingua franca commonly used for the purpose of communication
with the Crusaders; "wherefore should there be war betwixt thee and
me? Let there be peace betwixt us."
Ā Ā "I am well contented," answered he of the Couchant
Leopard; "but what security dost thou offer that thou wilt observe
the truce?"
Ā Ā "The word of a follower of the Prophet was never
broken," answered the Emir. "It is thou, brave Nazarene, from whom
I should demand security, did I not know that treason seldom dwells
with courage."
Ā Ā The Crusader felt that the confidence of the Moslem
made him ashamed of his own doubts.
Ā Ā "By the cross of my sword," he said, laying his hand
on the weapon as he spoke, "I will be true companion to thee,
Saracen, while our fortune wills that we remain in company
together."
Ā Ā "By Mohammed, Prophet of God, and by Allah, God of
the Prophet," replied his late foeman, "there is not treachery in
my heart towards thee. And now wend we to yonder fountain, for the
hour of rest is at hand, and the stream had hardly touched my lip
when I was called to battle by thy approach."
Ā Ā The Knight of the Couchant Leopard yielded a ready
and courteous assent; and the late foes, without an angry look or
gesture of doubt, rode side by side to the little cluster of
palm-trees.
CHAPTER II.
Times of danger have always, and in a peculiar degree, their seasons of good-will and security; and this was particularly so in the ancient feudal ages, in which, as the manners of the period had assigned war to be the chief and most worthy occupation of mankind, the intervals of peace, or rather of truce, were highly relished by those warriors to whom they were seldom granted, and endeared by the very circumstances which rendered them transitory. It is not worth while preserving any permanent enmity against a foe whom a champion has fought with to-day, and may again stand in bloody opposition to on the next morning. The time and situation afforded so much room for the ebullition of violent passions, that men, unless when peculiarly opposed to each other, or provoked by the recollection of private and individual wrongs, cheerfully enjoyed in each other's society the brief intervals of pacific intercourse which a warlike life admitted.
The distinction of religions, nay, the fanatical zeal which animated the followers of the Cross and of the Crescent against each other, was much softened by a feeling so natural to generous combatants, and especially cherished by the spirit of chivalry. This last strong impulse had extended itself gradually from the Christians to their mortal enemies the Saracens, both of Spain and of Palestine. The latter were, indeed, no longer the fanatical savages who had burst from the centre of Arabian deserts, with the sabre in one hand and the Koran in the other, to inflict death or the faith of Mohammed, or, at the best, slavery and tribute, upon all who dared to oppose the belief of the prophet of Mecca. These alternatives indeed had been offered to the unwarlike Greeks and Syrians; but in contending with the Western Christians, animated by a zeal as fiery as their own, and possessed of as unconquerable courage, address, and success in arms, the Saracens gradually caught a part of their manners, and especially of those chivalrous observances which were so well calculated to charm the minds of a proud and conquering people. They had their tournaments and games of chivalry; they had even their knights, or some rank analogous; and above all, the Saracens observed their plighted faith with an accuracy which might sometimes put to shame those who owned a better religion. Their truces, whether national or betwixt individuals, were faithfully observed; and thus it was that war, in itself perhaps the greatest of evils, yet gave occasion for display of good faith, generosity, clemency, and even kindly affections, which less frequently occur in more tranquil periods, where the passions of men, experiencing wrongs or entertaining quarrels which cannot be brought to instant decision, are apt to smoulder for a length of time in the bosoms of those who are so unhappy as to be their prey.
It was under the influence of these milder feelings which soften the horrors of warfare that the Christian and Saracen, who had so lately done their best for each other's mutual destruction, rode at a slow pace towards the fountain of palm-trees to which the Knight of the Couchant Leopard had been tending, when interrupted in mid-passage by his fleet and dangerous adversary. Each was wrapt for some time in his own reflections, and took breath after an encounter which had threatened to be fatal to one or both; and their good horses seemed no less to enjoy the interval of repose.
That of the Saracen, however, though he had been forced into much the more violent and extended sphere of motion, appeared to have suffered less from fatigue than the charger of the European knight. The sweat hung still clammy on the limbs of the latter, when those of the noble Arab were completely dried by the interval of tranquil exercise, all saving the foam-flakes which were still visible on his bridle and housings. The loose soil on which he trod so much augmented the distress of the Christian's horse, heavily loaded by his own armour and the weight of his rider, that the latter jumped from his saddle, and led his charger along the deep dust of the loamy soil, which was burnt in the sun into a substance more impalpable than the finest sand, and thus gave the faithful horse refreshment at the expense of his own additional toil; for, iron-sheathed as he was, he sunk over the mailed shoes at every step which he placed on a surface so light and unresisting.
"You are right," said the Saracen - and it was the first word that either had spoken since their truce was concluded; "your strong horse deserves your care. But what do you in the desert with an animal which sinks over the fetlock at every step as if he would plant each foot deep as the root of a date-tree?"
"Thou speakest rightly, Saracen," said the Christian knight, not delighted at the tone with which the infidel criticized his favourite steed - "rightly, according to thy knowledge and observation. But my good horse hath ere now borne me, in mine own land, over as wide a lake as thou seest yonder spread out behind us, yet not wet one hair above his hoof."
The Saracen looked at him with as much surprise as his manners permitted him to testify, which was only expressed by a slight approach to a disdainful smile, that hardly curled perceptibly the broad, thick moustache which enveloped his upper lip.
"It is justly spoken," he said, instantly composing himself to his usual serene gravity; "List to a Frank, and hear a fable."
"Thou art not courteous, misbeliever," replied the Crusader, "to doubt the word of a dubbed knight; and were it not that thou speakest in ignorance, and not in malice, our truce had its ending ere it is well begun. Thinkest thou I tell thee an untruth when I say that I, one of five hundred horsemen, armed in complete mail, have ridden - ay, and ridden for miles, upon water as solid as the crystal, and ten times less brittle?"
"What wouldst thou tell me?" answered the Moslem. "Yonder inland sea thou dost point at is peculiar in this, that, by the especial curse of God, it suffereth nothing to sink in its waves, but wafts them away, and casts them on its margin; but neither the Dead Sea, nor any of the seven oceans which environ...