Molecular Genetics of Mycobacteria

Graham F. Hatfull, William R. Jacobs, Graham F. Hatfull, William R. Jacobs, Jr.

• Publisher: ASM Press
• Year: 2014
• Print ISBN: 9781555818838
• eBook ISBN: 9781683673422
• Edition: 2
• Topic: Biological Sciences
• Subtopic: Molecular Biology
• Index: Biological Sciences

A comprehensive collection of perspectives by experts in mycobacterial molecular biology

Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes one in four avoidable deaths in the developing world and kills more adults than malaria, AIDS, and all tropical diseases combined. Tuberculosis was named a global health emergency by the World Health Organization, a distinction no other disease has received. Although the study of mycobacterial genetics has expanded dramatically, with new investigations into mycobacterial growth, replication, metabolism, physiology, drug susceptibility, and virulence, most of the problems in tuberculosis control that existed in 2000 remain today.

Advances in our understanding of mycobacterial genetics have been reflected in exciting recent developments. New diagnostic approaches can identify drug resistance within a few hours, promising new drugs are progressing through the pipeline and into the clinic, and a range of newly developed vaccines are being evaluated. It is an exciting time as the fruits of 30 years of intensive genetic investigation are finally beginning to emerge.

Written by leading experts in the field, Molecular Genetics of Mycobacteria, Second Edition,

• Discusses key areas of current research in mycobacterial genetics
• Explains the genetics of the physiology, metabolism, and drug sensitivities of M. tuberculosis
• Presents genetic approaches for manipulating M. tuberculosis

This book is an invaluable resource for anyone interested in the molecular genetics and molecular biology of mycobacteria.

Index

A

ABC transporter, in trehalose transport, 365, 369

Abrahams, G. L., 503

Acadian phage, 128

acc genes, 615–616

Accelerator, in asymmetric growth, 716

Accurate-mass retention time values, 342

aceA gene, 146

Acetamidase system, switches, 225, 228

Acetylated PIMs, 545–546

Acetylation, 247, 289

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, 615–616

N-Acetylglucosamine, in lysis, 122

N-Acetylglucosamine rhamnose linker, in peptidoglycan synthesis, 520

N-Acetylglycosylases, in lysis, 122

N-Acetylmuramidases, in lysis, 122

N-Acetyl-muramyl-l-alanine amidases, in lysis, 122, 124

Acetyltransferase, 307

Acid stress, 193

genome changes due to, 732

PZA activity and, 484

Acidobacteria, STPKs of, 682

Acidothermus cellulolyticus, Pup-proteasome system of, 669

Acinetobacter baumannii, drug susceptibility in, 714

Acinetoferrin, 378

Aconitase, 330–331

AcpM protein, 443

Acr2 protein, 213

Actinobacteria, 27

energetics of, 396

STPKs of, 682

stress response of, 193

Actinomycetales, 310

Activation loops, in STPKs, 685–687

Active site pockets, 269–270

N-Acylated glucosamine (GlcNAc), in peptidoglycan, 513, 515–517

Acyltransferases, 563, 574

Acyltrehaloses, 572–579

Adams, K. N., 715

Adaptive immunity, evasion of, 756–762

Adaptive response, in signal transduction, 681

AddAB protein, 658

Adenosine deaminase, 639

Adenosine kinase, 639–640

S-Adenosylmethionine, 311

S-Adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase, 619

Adenylate cyclases, in cyclic AMP signaling, 281, 283–285

Adenylosuccinate synthase, 637

Adephagia phage, 106

AdnAB protein, 658, 660

Ag85 antigens, 755–756

ahp genes and Ahp proteins, 151, 232, 304, 417, 436, 733

Airborne pathogens, biosafety requirements for, 4–5

Akhter, Y., 188

Alanine dehydrogenase, 245–246

Alanine ligase, 515

Alanine racemase, 232, 500, 515

l-Alanyl-d-glutamine-meso-diaminopimelyl-d-alanine, 513

Alber, M., 365

AlbG protein, 469

Albicidin, 469

Aldridge, B. B., 716

Alkyl hydroperoxidase, 304

Alkyl hydroperoxide reductase, 733

Allelic exchange reactions, 17–18

Alma phage, 97

Almeida, D., 418

Alonso, S., 735

Alpha/beta hydrolases, 268

Alpha-glucans, 362, 370–372

Alpha-mycolic acids, 613

alr gene, 414

Alternative sigma factor density, 138

Alternator, in asymmetric growth, 716

Alveolar surface area, 301

Amidophosphoribosyltransferase, 636

Amikacin, resistance to, 419–420

Aminoglycosides, resistance to, 414, 419–420

5-Aminoimdazole-4-carboxyamide ribonucleotide transfo...

Table of contents

• Molecular Genetics of Mycobacteria
• Contents
• Contributors
• Preface
• Genomes, Genomics, and Genetic Exchange
• Gene Transfer in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Shuttle Phasmids to Enlightenment
• Mycobacterial Pathogenomics and Evolution
• BCG Vaccines
• Distributive Conjugal Transfer: New Insights into Horizontal Gene Transfer and Genetic Exchange in Mycobacteria
• Molecular Genetics of Mycobacteriophages
• Genetics of Phage Lysis
• Gene Expression and Regulation
• Sigma Factors: Key Molecules in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Physiology and Virulence
• Transcription Factor Binding Site Mapping Using ChIP-Seq
• Noncoding RNA in Mycobacteria
• Two-Component Regulatory Systems of Mycobacteria
• Regulated Expression Systems for Mycobacteria and Their Applications
• The Mycobacterial Proteome
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Proteomics Era
• Structural Annotation of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Proteome
• Cyclic AMP Signaling in Mycobacteria
• Metabolism
• The Physiology and Genetics of Oxidative Stress in Mycobacteria
• Metabolomics of Central Carbon Metabolism in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Mycobacterial Lipidomics
• Genetics of Mycobacterial Trehalose Metabolism
• Metallobiology of Tuberculosis
• Energetics of Respiration and Oxidative Phosphorylation in Mycobacteria
• Genetics of Drug Resistance
• Molecular Basis of Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Resistance to Isoniazid and Ethionamide in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Genes, Mutations, and Causalities
• The Molecular Genetics of Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Mechanisms of Pyrazinamide Action and Resistance
• Genetic Strategies for Identifying New Drug Targets
• Genetics of Membrane and Cell Wall Biosynthesis
• Genetics of Peptidoglycan Biosynthesis
• Genetics of Mycobacterial Arabinogalactan and Lipoarabinomannan Assembly
• Genetics of Capsular Polysaccharides and Cell Envelope (Glyco)lipids
• The Molecular Genetics of Mycolic Acid Biosynthesis
• Genetics of Macromolecular Biosynthesis
• Nucleotide Metabolism and DNA Replication
• Double-Strand DNA Break Repair in Mycobacteria
• The Pup-Proteasome System of Mycobacteria
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis Serine/Threonine Protein Kinases
• The Mycobacterial Lifestyle, Persistence, and Macrophage Survival
• The Spectrum of Drug Susceptibility in Mycobacteria
• The Sculpting of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Genome by Host Cell–Derived Pressures
• Evasion of Innate and Adaptive Immunity by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Mycobacterial Biofilms
• Index