Multifunctional Materials

Challa Kumar

• Publisher: De Gruyter
• Year: 2020
• eBook ISBN: 9783110383805
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Tecnología e ingeniería
• Subtopic: Materia condensada

This is the second volume in the series of books covering practical aspects of

synthesis and characterization of various categories of nanomaterials taking into

consideration the most up to date research publications. The aim of the book series

is to provide students and researchers practical information such as synthetic procedures,

characterization protocols and mechanistic insights to enable them to either

reproduce well established methods or plan for new syntheses of size and shaped

controlled nanomaterials.

The second volume focuses on multifunctional nanomaterials.

1 Synthesis and characterization of size controlled bimetallic nanosponges

Dong Wang

Dong Wang studied chemical engineering at TU Wuhan for his B.Sc., and materials science at RWTH Aachen University for his M.Sc. He obtained his PhD from Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in 2007. He conducted his two years PostDoc research at Hannover University, and then has moved to TU Ilmenau. In 2016, he finished the Habilitation at TU Ilmenau, and currently is working as Privatdozent there. His research interest is focused on tailored nanostructures and nanomaterials for photonic and energy applications.

ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5940-9538

Peter Schaaf

Peter Schaaf studied material physics at Saarland University and obtained his diploma degree there in 1988. This is followed by earning his doctoral degree (PhD) in 1991 with honors at the same university. After that, he moved to Göttingen University for a PostDoc position in 1992. In 1995, he got an assistant professorship and was promoted to associate professor there in 1999. He accomplished habilitation at Göttingen University in 1999. Since 2008, he is full professor at TU Ilmenau. Currently, he is chair of Materials of Electrical Engineering and Electronics in the Institute of Materials Science and Engineering and the Institute of Micro and Nanotechnologies MacroNano® and dean of the Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology of TU Ilmenau. His research interests lie in nanomaterials, electronic materials, nanotechnologies, thin films, functional materials and materials analysis.

ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8802-6621

Abstract

Metallic and bimetallic nanosponges with well-defined size and form have attracted increasing attention due to their unique structural properties and their potential for many applications. In this chapter, the recently developed methods for the synthesis and preparation of metallic and bimetallic nanosponges are presented. These methods can be mainly cataloged in two groups: dealloying-based methods and reduction reaction-based methods. Different topographical reconstruction methods for the investigation of their structural properties are then reviewed briefly. The optical properties of the metallic nanosponges are clearly different from those of the solid counterparts due to the tailored disordered structure. The recent advances in the exploration of the distinct linear and non-linear optical properties of the nanosponges are summarized.

Graphical Abstract:

Keywords: bimetallic, nanosponges, nanoporous, nanoparticles, size-controlled,

1.1 Introduction

The important advantage of bimetallic alloys, which has already been taken for a long time, is tailoring the desired properties (such as hardness, ductility, strength, weight, corrosion resistance, color, electrical and thermal conductivities, catalytic properties, etc.), by simultaneously tuning their composition and their microstructures/morphologies. The pioneering work on such bimetallic nanostructures and nanoparticles (NPs) was achieved in the 1960s for tailoring the optical and plasmonic properties, and colloidal Au@Ag core/shell NPs have been synthesized using 5.9 nm of Au nuclei [1]. In addition, the marvelous catalytic properties of bimetallic nanoclusters, due to their bi-functional effects, ensemble effect and size effect (for large surface area), have further stimulated the research interest on the synthesis and properties of nanoscale bimetallic structures [2, 3].

Recently, another type of interesting metallic catalysts emerged, namely nanoporous metals, whose large surface area is very profitable for the enhancement of the catalytic performance [4,5,6,7,8]. The 3D bi-continuous ligament/channel structures in such nanoporous metals enable a mass transfer and a charge transfer in a more efficient way as in solid structures during the catalytic reactions. The ligament/pore size of nanoporous metals can scale in a large range from a few nanometers to several hundreds of nanometers, determined by the fabrication conditions. In addition to the catalytic applications, the nanoporous metals can be also used for applications in sensing [5, 6] and actuation [9]. The most important method for the synthesis of the nanoporous metals is dealloying. Alloys with a noble element and another less noble element are often used, and during dealloying the less noble element is removed and the nanoporous structure of the noble element evolves. A very important example for that is nanoporous gold, which can be formed easily from an Au–Ag alloy [10,11,12,13].

In addition, the percolated ligament/channel structures of nanoporous metals allow the deposition of another type of metal, inorganic material or organic material, and nanoporous gold or nanoporous metals-based hybrid materials and nanocomposites have been fabricated. They demonstrated th...

Table of contents

• Title Page
• Copyright
• Contents
• 1 Synthesis and characterization of size controlled bimetallic nanosponges
• 2 Controllable design, synthesis and characterization of nanostructured rare earth metal oxides
• 3 Synthesis and characterization of size controlled alloy nanoparticles
• 4 On the minimum reactant concentration required to prepare Au/M core-shell nanoparticles by the one-pot microemulsion route
• 5 Synthesis and characterization of graphene quantum dots
• Index