He Pitopito Korero no te Perehi Maori

Readings from the Maori-Language Press

Jenifer Curnow, Jane McRae, Jenifer Curnow, Jane McRae

• Publisher: Auckland University Press
• Year: 2013
• Print ISBN: 9781869403591
• eBook ISBN: 9781775580836
• Topic: History
• Subtopic: Languages
• Index: History

This anthology reproduces full-length news articles, letters, advertisements, and obituaries from 19th-century Maori-language newspapers alongside their English-language translations. An excellent resource for students of the Maori language and culture, Polynesian anthropology and sociology, and New Zealand's colonial history, this collection represents a range of views and experiences of the social, cultural, and political concerns of an indigenous people during New Zealand's early colonial period.

III Nga Korero Articles

III Ngā Kōrero

Articles

The diverse articles of any newspaper provide great interest, and this interest increases when they are from 150 years ago. Those in the Maori-language newspapers bring lively images of and information about everyday life – housing, markets and commercial enterprises, farming, agriculture, health, schooling, morality, and interaction between Maori and Pakeha. This section draws such pictures: of rural life in Āpirana Ngata’s account in Te Pipiwharauroa of villages, lands and farming in Ngāti Porou; of social life in the Tāmairangi women’s committee’s rules for good behaviour in Te Puke ki Hikurangi; and of the misunderstanding between Maori and Pakeha in the piece from Te Karere o Nui Tireni about conflict over fishing in the Hokianga.

Churches played a prominent role during the time of the newspapers and many messages in their presses urged proper conduct and keeping to the faith. The Wesleyan Te Haeata in particular had a proselytising tone and gave frequent advice on right practice – here on how to preserve issues of the newspapers. But the religious papers also had a broader reach to local, social and political matters. Education featured in the Anglican clergy’s He Kupu Whakamarama – named Te Pipiwharauroa in 1899; included here is a charming report on a social gathering of pupils from Te Aute and Hukarere church schools and an article by Tūtere Wī Repa of Ngāti Porou about his experiences at medical school in Dunedin.

There is considerable reporting of national politics in the Maori-language press. Debate, complaint and advice about sale and purchase of land are everywhere in articles in Te Wananga. In this section one such example, combined with an argument about Maori representation, is from Karaitiana Takamoana of Ngāti Kahungunu, Member of the House of Representatives in the 1870s. He shared place in the press with other Maori Members whose speeches sometimes came to print there, as did those by members of the Maori Parliament in Huia Tangata Kotahi. Copy was also submitted from tribal meetings – such as the article here from Te Wananga about the large gathering at Maketu – and it was sometimes a verbatim record of elders’ speeches. The views of notable leaders and elders lie in such speeches, and yet more can be learnt about them in articles which, as in Te Korimako’s appreciation of the influential Ngāti Whātua chief Pāora Tūhaere, give details about their work, life and personality, making the Maori-language newspapers rich material for biographies.

Tribal traditions found a place in articles too. The discovery of the precious adze, Te Awhiorangi, reported in Te Korimako, comes with detail about its history. The writers of the episode in the history of Maungatapu in Te Karere o Nui Tireni bring it smartly up to date with a concluding caution about sale of land. Such combination of the old and the new, and of Maori and Pakeha lives, is common in the newspaper writing. In the account about Te Aroha Mountain published in Te Korimako, its contemporary appeal to Pakeha for the gold and as a spa is described alongside a waiata of old about it.

Subscribers could also read of life beyond New Zealand. There are articles about the history and geography of places in Europe and America, features about Maori who visited abroad, descriptions of the visits of distinguished foreigners – in some detail here in the Te Korimako account of the visit of the Queen of Rarotonga, Makea Ariki, in 1885. The articles in the Maori-language newspapers open a new window on life in New Zealand and on its developing connection with the world.

Ngā Kōrero

HE RITENGA MĀORI

Te Karere o Nui Tireni, 1 Hune 1843, wh.23

I te marama o Māehe, te 9 o ngā rā i te tau 1843, ka whakatika atu mātou i Nūaka (he wāhi whenua e takoto ana i te ringaringa matau o te awa nui o Hokianga; e tata ana taua wāhi ki te wahapū), ka tae mātou ki te tuāuru, e rua pea maira, ka kitea atu e ētahi o mātou ngā waka Māori e rere mai ana, nō te hī whāpuka hoki rātou.

Ka hoki mai ki Hokianga, ā, ka oti te tōtō ngā waka ki uta, ka whakatata atu mātou, ka mea atu, ‘E kore kōrua e pai ki ngā pāuna tūpeka e rua mō te ngohi kotahi?’ Ka mea mai tērā, ‘Kia kotahi pāuna moni, kia tekau ngā hereni.’ Kāhore ō mātou hiahia kia maumauria ngā moni mō ērā ngohi kua tata ki te pirautanga, nā ka tahuri mai mātou, ka hoki ki te kāinga.

Moe iho, oho ake i te ata, kei te whakapai i ngā aho me ngā matau, ka eke ki te poti, ka hoe, ā, te wahapū rā anō. Rokohanga atu e noho ana taua iwi hoko pai i te taha o te awa, e tiaki ana hoki i ō rātou kōura, hiriwa, me ngā kōhatu papai nō te moana. Nui hoki aua taonga, he mea hī i te matau. Kīhai i tukua te punga o tō mātou poti, ka pā te karanga riri o taua hunga. Kīhai i roa te mānuranga, ka teki te punga, me i reira ka hoe ki uta ki te tiki kōwhatu hei punga, ā, mānu kau anō, ka whakatika tētahi tangata Māori (ko Ngāpō te ingoa, nō te hapū o Ngāti Korokoro) me te pātītī i te ringa, ka tata mai tōna waka ki te poti, ka mea, ‘Hutia te punga, hoe atu, e kore koe e riri mehemea e haere atu ana ahau ki te tāhae i tōu toa?’ Ka mea atu tētahi o mātou, ‘Ko tāu toa tēnei ko te moana?’ Ka mea mai, ‘Āe rā hoki, nāku te moana, e kore te tangata e tukua mai kia hī, ka oti hoki te whakatapu mō mātou.’ Ka hutia te punga, ka hoe ki tētahi wāhi atu, mānu kau anō ka arumia mai me te pātītī – hei patu pea i a mātou, otirā i mea kau mai, ‘E kore koutou e rongo, ka kutia te whakaheke o te punga e ahau.’ Nō reira ka hoe kē mātou, ka whakarere atu i taua hunga atawhai ki te Pākehā.

(He inati te tangata i kōrerotia nei, ko wai rā? Kātahi mātou ka rongo ki te tangata e kaiponu ana i ngā ika o te moana, he pōrangi rānei, he aha rānei tēnei koroke? E mea mai ētahi, apo tonu ana te tangata Māori i ngā mea o te Atua. Kaituhituhi.)

KO TE HĪTORE O MAUNGATAPU

Te Karere o Nui Tireni, 2 Tīhema 1844, wh.61

Ko Kotoretoto te rohe o te ngākau o Piako, ko Hiwahine Mangahaumea, ko Te Huruhuru ka tutuki ki Te Awaroa, whakaeke ki te tihi o Hangawera, Te Taiaha-a-Huakatoa, ka huri kei Mangawera. Nā Te Wherowhero tērā pito. Ka hoki mai ki tēnei taha o Piako, Te Whare-o-Whānui. Ka heke Te Ngutu-o-te-Kōkōreke, ka eke Te Wharawhara, ka haere Te Raumapau, ka rere Puketaka. Ka rohe i a Te Katea, i a Huapiri, i a Poukawa, i a Taharape, i a Haunui, i a Ngihangiha, i a Rarokawhanake. Ka takoto i a Te Kauae, ko Te Tau-a-te-kāiaia, Taikaramihi, Te Rua-o-Tumu, ka whiti kei tēnei taha o Waitoa. Te Rautawiri, whakaeke tonu, ka heke Mangapukatea, Ngāmoko; mō Parata tēnei pito.

Ko ngā rohe tēnei ki a mātou ki runga nei ki a Ngāti Pare, ki a Ngāti Koura, ki a Ngāti Werewere.

Ko Maungatapu: nō Mura te tūturu o te kāinga. Tā Mura, ko Parenoa, he wahine; tā Parenoa, ko Te Hopukanga; tā Te Hopukanga, ko Mauroa; tā Mauroa, ko Te Hirore, tā Te Hirore, ko Te Kauae. Nā, ka patua a Ngāti Tāwhaki e Hauā rāua ko Hape, ā, ka ngaro. Ka tae ki Ōwaranga, ko Rūrangi i roto i te pā; ka ngaua te pā, ka horo. Kātahi ka karanga atu a Werewere, ‘Rūrangi, puta mai ki waho!’ Ka mea mai a Rūrangi ki a Werewere, ‘Mahi mai!’ Ka mate a Werewere, ka haere noa a Te Oro rāua ko Hauā ki te rapu utu mō Werewere, ā, kīhai i ea te mate a Werewere. Nā, ka ngau i tētahi pā, ko Tokerau te ingoa, kīhai i horo. Kātahi ka karanga ki te rangatira o te pā, ‘E Taha, homai tō tamāhine māku!’ Ka karanga a Hauā, ‘E Taha, māku tētehi o ō tamāhine!’ Ka mea mai a Taha, ‘E kore ahau e hoatu i taku tamāhine, engari hoki mārire ki tō kāinga, hei reira ka tiki mai ai i ā kōrua wāhine.’ Ka hoki a Te Oro rāua ko Hauā, ka tae ki tō rāua kāinga. Kātahi ka haere ki te tiki i ā rāua wāhine. Ka tae mai ki te pā, kātahi ka hoatu ko Paretapu, ko Pareomaoma. Heoti, kātahi ka mau te rongo. Nā muri iho ka tukua te whenua he utu mō Werewere.

Nā, ka haere a Ngāti Tāwhaki ki Pakarau, kāhore i reira a Ngāti Maingako. Koia rātou i haere atu ai ki reira, e whā tekau o taua hunga. Ka tae atu rātou ki reira, rokohanga atu e rātou, kua rūpeke ngā tāne ki te tuku tuna. Ko Pare anake i te kāinga e noho ana. Ka karangatia taua iwi nei ki te kāinga, kia noho, ka tahuna he ahi roi, tekau ngā ahi roi.

Ka huri te pahi ki te kai, ka titiro te rangatira o te pahi, ka pātai atu, ‘Nā wai tēnei tamāhine?’ Kīia atu ana, ‘Nā Werewere.’ Ka mea atu te rangatira o te pahi, ko Pupu te ingoa, ‘E taku tamāhine, kei patu whakatakariri mai koe i te roi māku. Nene, e hine, hāhā te whenua nā, e takoto mai nā. Nene! Maungatapu nā e tū mai nā.’ Heoti, kātahi ka mahora tēnei kāinga, a Maungatapu, hei utu mō Werewere.

E hoa, e te tangata tuku whenua, kia tika anō ki tōu kāinga tautuku, kei poka kē ki tōku. Mehemea kua tukua ō mātou nei kāinga e koutou, ka hē. E kore e whakamā te tuku huna i te kāinga? Nā, ko Maungatapu e kore e marere i a mātou. Ahakoa tuku mai koe i Maungatapu mō te Pākehā, e kore e marere atu. Ko ngā taonga o te Pākehā me utu e koe, ki te rīwai, ki tētehi wāhi o tōu kāinga ki Ōtera. Heoi.

Nā Te Kauae, nā Te Hara, nā Parai, nā Wairuaiti, nā Ngākari, nā Kihia, nā Tahuparae, nā Ngāwini, nā Te Wharemuhu, nā Hōri, nā Te Hoka, nā Ruka, nā Īhaka, nā Ngāwhare, nā Ihāia, nā Erueti, nā Wiremu Tarapipiri, nā Te Kākā, nā Te Waharoa, nā Hokianga, nā Hēnare Wiremu, nā Pītau

KO NGĀ MANU ME NGĀ TUATARA

Te Karere o Nui Tireni, 1 Oketopa 1845, wh.39

Inamata ka whakahoa ngā tuatara o te ngāherehere ki ngā manu noho raurēkau. Nō ngā tuatara te oneone, he rere kau mai tō ngā manu. Otirā, i te rerenga mai o ngā manu, ka hari ngā tuatara, ka tākaro tahi, ka kai tahi, ka mahi tahi ngā manu me rātou.

Roa noa iho tā rātou nohoanga, nō ka riri noa anō tētahi o ngā tuatara ki tētahi o ngā manu, mō te hanganga o tōna ōwhanga ki tētahi pito o te kāinga.

Kīhai hoki taua tuatara i mahara ki te mahi nui o taua manu ki te kai i te ngata, i te whē, i te hōtete, me ēra atu ngārara kai i ngā hua pai o te whenua. Otirā, oma ana ia ki ōna hoa, ā, ka mea atu, ‘E, rātou i ahu mai nei, āhea koutou whakaaro ai? Meake rā ka kikī tō tātou whenua i ngā ōwhanga o ēnei manu: heoi nei whai wāhi mō tātou.’

Whakarongo ana ngā tuatara ki ngā kupu kōwhetewhete o taua hīkaka, ā, ka tapahia te rākau i iri ai te ōwhanga o te manu. Nō kōnei ka tupu te raruraru, ā, ka ara te whāinga. Ka huihui ngā manu kia kotahi nohoanga, ā, kotahi hapū o ngā tuatara, ko te kākāriki te ingoa, i uru mai ki ngā manu.

Ka whawhai nei, ā, maunu noa ētahi o ngā huruhuru o ngā manu. Titiro ana ngā pekapeka, ka mea tētahi ki tētahi, ‘Kia uru tātou ki ngā tuatara.’ Tau mai, tau atu, ārā, ārā ka whati ngā tuatara. Nō kōnei ka mea ngā pekapeka, ‘Kia uru tātou ki ngā manu.’ Otirā kīhai tukua atu. Nā, ka hoki ki ngā tuatara, ā, ka epaina anō rātou ki te kōwhatu e ngā tuatara – nō te mea ka kitea he ngākaurua tō te pekapeka.

Te ritenga o ēnei kupu:

Kotahi anō tangata amuamu ki roto ki ngā hapū maha, kino katoa rātou i tōna mahi hē.

Hore rawa e whai hoa pūmau te tangata ngākaurua, nō te mea, kotahi ōna whakaaro ki te pai, kotahi ki te kino.

RONGOĀTIA NGĀ NIUPEPA

Te Haeata, 2 Āperira 1860, wh.4

E hoa mā, e ngā tāngata e hoko ana i Te Haeata, he kupu tāku ki a koutou mō tēnei niupepa, mō Te Haeata, arā, kia rongoātia, kia pai te tiaki. Kua kite koutou i ngā Pākehā e haehae noa ana i ō rātou niupepa Pākehā, pākaru noa, ngaro noa. Otīa, he niupepa noa iho ēnā niupepa; tērā atu ngā niupepa e rongoātia tonutia ana e te Pākehā hei tirohanga māna, hei kōrerotanga māna, mā ōna tamariki, mā ōna mokopuna, mō ngā tau maha e takoto ake nei.

Waihoki, ko tō tātou niupepa pai ko Te Haeata, engari tēnā me rongoā. Ehara ngā kōrero i te kōrero mō te rā kotahi, mō te tau kotahi, mō tātou anake rānei. Kāore, he kōrero ia mō ngā tau katoa, mō ngā tamariki katoa, mō ngā mokopuna katoa, mō ngā whakatupuranga katoa i muri i a tātou. Koia ahau ka mea ai me rongoā.

Ka oti te kōrero i ngā kōrero o roto, nā, whakatakotoria paitia ki roto ki te pouaka kia takoto tika, kia takoto pai, kia takoto mārō; tō tēnā marama niupepa, tō tēnā marama niupepa, tutuki rawa rā anō ki te tutukitanga o tōna tau. Nā, kātahi ka tuituia hei pukapuka mau tonu, kātahi rānei ka kawea ki te kaitui pukapuka, māna e tui, māna e kōpaki ki tō te Pākehā kōpaki pukapuka. Nā, kātahi ka kitea he pukapuka nui; me te tiaki tonu kei poke i te paru, kei mākū i te wai, kei kainga e te huhu, kei wāwāhia e te tamariki.

Nā, me pēnā tonu ia tau ia tau, me te tui anō me te kōpaki anō tōna pukapuka mō tōna tau, tōna pukapuka mō tōna tau; me te tuku iho anō ki ōna tamariki, ki ōna mokopuna, ki tērā atu whakatupuranga ki tērā atu whakatupuranga. Nā te tikanga pērā i tupu haere ai te mātauranga me te rangatiratanga o te Pākehā. Mā te tikanga pērā hoki ka tupu haere ai te mātauranga o te Māori me tōna rangatiratanga.

Kei roto kei tēnei pukapuka te ingoa me ngā tikanga o Te Atua; inā, me rongoā, me tiaki Te Haeata.

Nā Te Hoa Aroha

TE WHENUA

Te Wananga, 26 Hānuere 1875, wh.15–16

Ōtaki
28 Tīhema 1874

Ki a koe, Te Wananga, tuku korero ki Nui Tireni katoa

E hoa, tēnā koe,

Kia whakanuia tōu rangimārie, he mea hoki, kua taea e koe te whakapuaki ki ngā mea whakapōuri, me ngā mamae, kua oti nei te whakapā ki te motu nei, mō ā rātou kupu taurangi, i kīia ki ngā rangatira Māori i ngā tau kua pahure, hei mea e whakahukia ai tō rātou pai.

Otirā, kia mahara, e haere mai nei ngā rā e whakamātauria ai anō te motu nei, ki ngā mea whakapōuri, e kino atu ana i ēnei, kua pā nei ki te iwi Māori. Mā aua mea anō hoki ahau i tuku atu ai i ētahi kupu ruarua ki a Te Wananga, e mea nei, ‘Haere mai ki a au ngā rangatira, ngā tāngata ririki, māku e kawe atu ō koutou tikanga ki te ao katoa, hei whakaara i te kakī o Papa kua mate nei.’ Otirā e tika ana, pēnei me ngā kanohi e rua o te tangata, noho tahi tētahi kanohi ki tētahi kanohi, kāore he kitenga atu, i tētahi kanohi, te take rā, ko te ihu kei te ārai i a rāua. Waihoki, e hoa mā, ko tō tātou noho wehewehe, kei te tauārai i a tātou; noho noa ake ki te upoko o te ika nei o Papa, ki te peke, ki te puku, ki te hiku, ki te takapau arā, ki waenga pū, koia tē āhei ai te whakarāpopoto te kī. Ka whakatika he rangatiratanga, rerekē tāna kī, ka whakatika he mātauranga, rerekē tāna kī. Koia i mate ai te iwi Māori, waiho iho anō ko ngā tāngata ririki, te mea i mate rawa i te whakaaro o ngā rang...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half-title
• Title Page
• Table of Contents
• Table of Contents
• Kupu Whakataki Introduction
• Nga Nupepa o tenei Kohinga The Newspapers of this Collection
• Ko nga Kaiwhakamaori Translators
• I Na te Etita From the Editors
• II Nga Reta Letters
• III Nga Korero Articles
• IV Nga Rongo News
• V Nga Mate Obituaries
• VI Panui Advertisements
• Copyright