The Busy Christian's Guide to Busyness

Tim Chester

• Publisher: IVP
• Year: 2012
• ISBN:
  9781844746613
• Topic: Théologie et religion
• Subtopic: Christianisme

Do you say 'yes' to requests when really you mean to say 'no'? Do you feel permanently trapped by your 24/7 lifestyle?
While offering practical help to busy Christians, Tim Chester also opts for root-and-branch treatment: you need to deal radically with the things that are driving you.
If you're busy because of the following; 'I need to prove myself'; 'Otherwise things get out of control'; 'I like the pressure/money'; think again!
At the root of our 'slavery' are serious misunderstandings, often reinforced by our culture. If we want to be free, then we need to counteract them with God's word. It's important to manage our time, but it's more important to manage our hearts.
God has promised his rest to all who are weary and burdened (Matthew 11: 28). It's up to us to accept it.

1. Slow down, I want to get off!

Have you ever been irri­tated because your train left ten minutes late? Or because there was a queue at the super­mar­ket till? Or because people in front of you were daw­dling or driving slowly? Or even because someone took their time to get to the point? Then accord­ing to car­di­ol­o­gist Meyer Friedman (1999) you suffer from ‘hurry sickness’. The funny thing about hurry sick­ness is that suffer­ers often think they’re okay while those who are immune are por­trayed as being sick.

1. Do you reg­u­larly work thirty minutes a day longer than your contracted hours?
2. Do you check work emails and phone mes­sages at home?
3. Has anyone ever said to you: ‘I didn’t want to trouble you because I know how busy you are’?
4. Do your family or friends com­plain about not getting time with you?
5. If tomor­row evening was unex­pect­edly freed up, would you use it to work or do a house­hold chore?
6. Do you often feel tired during the day or do you find your neck and shoul­ders aching?
7. Do you often exceed the speed limit while driving?
8. Do you make use of any flex­ible working arrange­ments offered by your employ­ers?
9. Do you pray with your chil­dren reg­u­larly?
10. Do you have enough time to pray?
11. Do you have a hobby in which you are actively involved?
12. Do you eat together as a family or house­hold at least once a day?

If you mainly answered ‘yes’ to ques­tions 1–7 and ‘no’ to ques­tions 8–12 then maybe you have a busy­ness problem.

Busy at work

The average British worker puts in an 8.7-hour day. If you enter the office at 8.30am and take an hour for lunch that means you leave at 6.12pm. The average German or Italian worker leaves one hour before you. They’re already at home enjoy­ing a lager or glass of Chianti. That’s if your conti­nental counter­part actu­ally went to work. While UK workers get 28 days holiday a year includ­ing bank hol­i­days, French workers get 47 days, Germans 41 days, Spaniards 46 days and Italians 44 days. Brits do, however, work less than the Americans, who work a 47-hour week – longer now than in the 1920s.

Contracted working hours have in fact changed little in the last fifty years, but they don’t reflect the hours people actu­ally do. The average British worker does the equiv­a­lent of eight weeks unpaid over­time each year. It’s as if you worked each January and February without pay. Three-quar­ters of man­ag­ers feel working late or at week­ends is the only way to deal with the work­load. It’s not just office workers. Machine oper­a­tors and super­mar­ket check­out staff com­monly work five extra hours a week. Less than half of all workers use their full holiday enti­tle­ment, while the average lunch ‘hour’ actu­ally lasts 27 minutes. Plus it takes an average of 38 minutes to get to work. UK man­­agers have the longest commute in Europe – 53 minutes. And none of these sta­tis­tics takes into account the time spent think­ing about work issues while you’re sitting in the bath or dining with your family.

No wonder over a third of people agree that ‘in the even­ings I am so tired I just fall asleep on the sofa’ (Jones, 2003). Moreover, the pensions crisis sug­gests most of us will be on this tread­mill until we’re 70. ‘One of the great­est chal­lenges facing Christians in the UK’, says Mark Greene (2004) of the London Institute for Contemporary Christianity, ‘is to live the abun­dant life of Christ in the face of the dehu­man­iz­ing, rela­tion­ally destruc­tive and emo­tion­ally, phys­i­cally and spiritu­ally debil­i­tat­ing effects of the con­tem­po­rary work-place.’

Busy at play

Even our time off can be hard work. Our secular age tends to give ­material answers to spir­i­tual prob­lems. So leisure has become a thing you ‘do’ or ‘buy’. We ‘relax’ by going to the gym, driving across town to a late night movie or spend­ing an after­noon shop­ping – and nothing is more tiring than shop­ping! We no longer ‘stroll’ or ‘ramble’; now we ‘hike’ with walking poles to propel us along. Leisure is no longer rest; leisure is con­sump­tion. And so we must work hard to afford our new leisure life­styles! As Ellen Goodman (2004) com­ments: ‘Normal is getting dressed in clothes that you buy for work, driving through traffic in a car that you are still paying for, in order to get to the job you need so you can pay for the clothes, the car, and the house that you leave empty all day in order to afford to live in it.’ Labour saving devices have increased, but we also have larger homes and more pos­ses­sions that need more main­te­nance.

‘The problem with tele­vi­sion is that people must sit and keep their eyes glued to a screen; the average American family hasn’t time for it.’ So said the New York Times in 1939 (Ward, 2003). Looking back it seems a crazy state­ment. But is it? Maybe it was true then and maybe it’s true now. We have enough to do without watch­ing tele­vi­sion, and yet watch tele­vi­sion we do for hours on end. And then we wonder why the rest of life seems so busy.

Too busy to be healthy

More than eight out of ten British workers feel their health has been harmed by work demands. One in five men has visited the doctor with work-related stress. Sixty percent of us feel our work­loads are some­times out of control. One in five feels this way most of the time. For many, a nervous break­down is the only way out. One church leader told me: ‘I some­times long to be hos­pi­tal­ized – nothing too painful, but I’d have no respon­sibil­ities and lots of atten­tion.’

‘We’d like to be unhappy,’ sang Bing Crosby, ‘but we never do have the time.’ Once upon a time people ‘convalesced’ after illness. ‘Time will heal,’ we said. Not any more. Adverts for cold rem­e­dies used to portray a patient tucked up in bed sipping a hot drink. Now they show people turning up unex­pect­edly at work, high on med­i­cine to beat off the com­pe­ti­tion. You don’t even have to stop to take your med­i­cine. ‘We even have prod­ucts which dis­solve on the tongue,’ they boast, ‘so you can take them on the go!’ In the seven­teenth century Samuel Pepys had a 40-day recov­ery period after a kidney stone oper­a­tion. Today three-quar­ters of us go to work when we’re ill, even though a ten-year study by University College London showed that workers who don’t take time off when ill have double the rate of heart disease.

With so much going on in our lives, where can we steal some extra time from? These days eight or nine hours sleep seems pos­i­tively feck­less. And so on average we sleep one hour less than we need each night. Although the need for sleep can vary from six to ten hours between differ­ent individ­uals, adults require on average eight hours. In fact the average night’s sleep is 7.04 hours. That’s down two hours from the 1910 average! No wonder we’re all so tired.

Too busy to think

‘I get the impres­sion that the biggest sac­ri­fice for people engag­ing with any­thing is that they just don’t have the time and space to think about it!’ Jill works for a Christian anti-poverty cam­paign. She told me: ‘Plenty of people want quick actions, but the actual work of taking time to think seems unman­age­able. People’s minds are full and the “no more room” light is flash­ing!’

‘Time will tell,’ people used to say, but today we can’t wait that long. We confuse infor­ma­tion and wisdom. Access to data does not make you wise. Wisdom takes study and reflec­tion. Indeed true wisdom is found through a rela­tion­ship with God. ‘The fear of the LORD is the begin­ning of knowledge’ (Proverbs 1:7). But this wisdom does not become out of date with the next bulle­tin. ‘All men are like grass, and all their glory is like the flowers of the field...The grass withers and the flowers fall, but the word of our God stands for ever’ (Isaiah 40:6,8).

Too busy for relationships

In Bill Forsyth’s film Local Hero (1983) Mac MacIntyre is an American oil exec­u­tive sent to the Scottish village of Ferness to nego­tiate the build­ing of an oil refin­ery. At first he is puzzled by the eccen­tric­ities of the inhab­i­tants, but as the film pro­gresses he is charmed by this com­mu­nity whose slow pace of life has wea­thered the cen­tu­ries. Although some­what roman­tic, the charm works on the viewer as well. Films of small, rural com­mu­nities – films like Local Hero, Waking Ned and Amazing Grace – appeal to us because they portray the slower, more rela­tional way of life for which we yearn. We want to live in the Shire rather than in Lord of the Rings’ Isengard. One survey found that 72% of man­ag­ers had been crit­i­cized by family and friends for spend­ing too much time working.

We are ‘bowling alone’, as Harvard Professor Robert Putnam puts it (Putnam, 2000). There used to be bowling leagues across the United States. But, he observes, people no longer commit to clubs and soci­eties. They still go bowling, either alone or in ‘infor­mal groups’ – we don’t have time for a regular activ­ity. And what is true for sports clubs is true for social involve­ment. Seventy-two percent of man­ag­ers claim over­work has restricted their ability to get involved in com­mu­nity affairs. Graduate women used to combine home­mak­ing with com­mu­nity work; now they’re in the work­place. Plus ‘flexible’ working means your free time may not coin­cide with mine so it’s hard for us to work together on a local project.

Paul Tripp describes a married couple whom every­one thought were stal­warts of the local church. Then one day Paul got a call from the husband asking for an urgent meeting. It turned out they had been phys­i­cally fighting for years. How was it, Paul asks, that this had been hap­pen­ing without any one in the church knowing? He con­cludes:

Perhaps the simplest reason for our lack of self-disclosing candour is that no one asks. The typical rhythms of our lives militate against going below the surface. In the busyness of life it seems intrusive to ask questions that cannot be answered without self-disclosure. Yet there is a way in which we all hunger for relationships of that quality. These are the relationships in which the Redeemer does his good work.

(Tripp, 2002)

Too busy for Jesus

Christians are sus­cep­ti­ble to all the time pres­sures other people expe­ri­ence, but we add a few of our own. We make a virtue of hard work. We place a high premium on family time. And then we add in Christian meet­ings and respon­sibil­ities in church. As a result, sug­gests Robert Banks, ‘with respect to time, Christians are a good deal worse off than many’ (Banks, 1983). A friend told me his church had iden­tified ‘time impoverishment’ as one of the major chal­lenges it faces. Does your daily prayer time ever feel hurried? Do you even have a daily prayer time? Does church involve­ment ever feel like another unwel­come demand? In 2004 artist Michael Gough created an exhi­bi­tion enti­tled ‘Icono­graphy’. An actor dressed as an arche­typal Jesus posed around London, bless­ing passers-by, while Gough dis­creetly photo­graphed the results. ‘No-one engages him in con­ver­sa­tion,’ Gough com­ments. ‘People in the City have appoint­ments to honour, meet­ings to attend, deals to make, lunch to buy.’ We are too busy for Jesus.

Who hit the accelerator?

What’s the first thing you do when you wake in the morning? Chances are you check the time. In med­ie­val times people lived by the sun and the seasons. But the fac­to­ries of indus­trial rev­o­lu­tion required a co-ordi­nated work­force. ‘The clock, not the steam engine,’ claims Lewis Mumford, ‘is the key machine of the indus­trial age’ (cited in Banks, 1983). The first factory floors were dom­i­nated by large clocks and workers were con­di­tioned to accept clock time through a system of fines. Plus the new light bulbs turned night into day. Henry Ford real­ized he could run three eight-hour shifts every day instead of one nine-hour shift. Tonight seven million people in the UK are working. Historian Eric Hobsbawn (1969) com­ments: ‘Industry brings the tyranny of the clock...the meas­ure­ment of life not in seasons or even weeks and days, but in minutes, and above all a mech­a­nized reg­u­lar­ity of work which con­flicts not only with tra­di­tion, but with all the incli­na­tions of a human­ity as yet uncon­di­tioned into it.’ Today we live life under the shadow of the clock. Children are con­di­tioned to live by ‘periods’ at school. Church life, too, is affected. We don’t take as long as it takes; instead meet­ings run to sched­ule. British Christians some­times laugh at African churches where every­one arrives late and meet­ings can run on for hours. But that we find such habits strange reveals the extent to which we have become slaves to the clock.

Changing patterns of work and rest

Pre-Industrial Life	Industrial Life	Post-Industrial Life
the work­place is in the home	the work­place is seperate from the home	the boun­dar­ies between work and home are blurred
the whole family is involved in domes­tic and commer­cial activ­ity	men go out to work while women work in the home	men and women are in the work­place, but women do most of the domes­tic chores
work and home in the same loca­tion	walk to work	a long commute to work
sea­sonal fluc­tu­a­tions in workload plus many holy days	long working hours and no holidays	con­stant pres­sure at work with two to four weeks' holiday
people working enough to maintain their standard of living	people working enough to maintain their standard of living	people working to attain an ever higher standard of living
high autonomy	low autonomy	high autonomy
specialized manual skills	one or two skills honed by years of practice	constantly needing to update skills and knowledge
a slow pace of life	a slow pace of life outside work	a fast pace of life in both work and leisure
regulated by daylight and seasons	regulated by the clock	self-regulated
dividing time into days	dividing time into hours	dividing time into minutes
work itself is seen as fulfilling	work itself is seen as fulfilling	aspiring to jobs that are intrinsically fulfilling

This table sum­marizes how pat­terns of work and rest have changed. You would be unwise to com­plain too loudly about your working hours in front of your Victorian ances­tors. Today we work fewer hours than nine­teenth century factory workers and domes­tic ser­vants. The 1847 Ten Hours Act limited the working week in the textile indus­try to 60 hours – still a lot more than the contracted hours of most people today.

But the nature of work has changed. People speak of ‘work intensification’. Jobs in our infor­ma­tion age typ­i­cally involve complex tasks and lots of auton­omy. Such high dis­cre­tion jobs create more oppor­tu­nities for self-ful­fil­ment, but also more oppor­tu­nities for stress. A hundred years ago people went home phys­i­cally tired. No trip to the gym. Now most of us go home men­tally worn out. We go to the gym to work out the frus­tra­tions of the day. A hundred years ago blue collar workers worked longer hours than white collar workers; now it’s the other way round. When people say we are busier than ever, ‘we’ means ‘we the middle-classes’. It could be that the issue of busy­ness has ‘our’ atten­tion because it’s now a middle-class phe­nom­e­non.

In pre-indus­trial times fam­i­lies lived, worked and played together. The exhor­ta­tion to ‘make time’ for family would have been mean­ing­less. But with the indus­trial rev­o­lu­tion men went out to work while women worked at home. In post-indus­trial soci­eties women have again entered the work­place – 70% of them. The result is that many women find them­selves working a ‘double shift’: out at work during the day, house­hold chores at night. In the infor­ma­tion age, work is intrud­ing into leisure time. Sixty percent of us read work emails at home or on holiday. Government figures suggest that working parents spend twice as long dealing with emails as playing with...