Swine Production and Management

John Abraham

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2020
• Print ISBN: 9780367490850
• eBook ISBN: 9781000066425
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Biological Sciences
• Subtopic: Biology
• Index: Biological Sciences

This book elaborately covers all topics of swine management like breeding, feeding, housing, health management and pork production technology.The book is well supported by a large number of illustrations and tables which makes the understanding of the text very simple and easy. It will be very useful for all students as well as professionals. Note: T& F does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.

CHAPTER 1

SWINE PRODUCTION

Swine husbandry has enormous potential and prospects because of its excellent attributes such as high fecundity (ability to produce more number of ova regardless whether it gets fertilised or not), prolificacy (ability to produce more number of live off-springs in one farrowing), short generation interval, quick body weight gain, high feed conversion efficiency, and excellent dressing percentage compared to all other livestock.

The recommended meat consumption level is 34 g/head/day, but the availability of animal protein per capita per day to an average Indian is only 12.6 g/head/day. There is a big gap between the demand and supply. Due to the prohibition of cattle slaughter in various states, the increasing demand for meat of our growing population cannot be met by ruminants alone, which have the drawback of relatively low rate of weight gain and large generation interval. In this context, swine husbandry has great prospects and potential to provide protein rich food to millions of people.

Among livestock, pigs are the only species reared exclusively for meat purpose and it fits in extremely well with the mixed farming system and is complementary to intensive crop production operation. It’s unique ability to efficiently convert swill (waste food), tankage, (slaughter waste) and agricultural by-products into food source of high quality animal protein and other nutrients, make it the species of choice for the most profitable livestock enterprise and for alleviating malnutrition among people who lives below the poverty line. It also provides gainful opportunities for unemployed rural and urban population. Thus piggery have now carved a niche for itself in North and North-Eastern states and is also becoming popular in most of the Southern regions of the country.

Taxonomical Classification of Swine

Kingdom	-	Animalia
Phylum	-	Chordata
Sub Phylum	-	Vertebrata
Class	-	Mammalia
Sub Class	-	Utheria
Order	-	Artiodactyla
Family	-	Suidae/Porcidae
Genus	-	Sus (Linn)
Species	-	Sus scrofa
		Sus domesticus
		Sus vittatus
Sub Species	-	Philipinensis, cristatus, strotzai.

Chordata: One of the 21 phyla of the animal kingdom in which there is either a back bone (In the vertebrates) or the rudiment of a back bone-the notochord.

Mammalia: They are warm blooded hairy animals that produce their young ones alive and suckle them for a variable period, from the secretion of the mammary gland.

Artiodactyla: Even toed hoofed mammals.

Family-Suidae: The family of non-ruminant, artiodactyl ungulates, consisting of wild and domestic swine but, in modern classifications excludes the peccaries.

Genus-Sus: The typical genus of swine, formerly comprehensive but, now restricted to the European wild boar and its allies, with the domestic breeds derived from them.

Species-Sus scrofa: It is the wild hog of continental Europe from which most of the domestic swine have been derived.

Sus vitatus: It was the chief, if not the only race or species of the East-Indian pig that contributed to present-day domestic swine.

Origin of the Domestic Pigs

Pigs were probably domesticated by 490 B.C in China and by 800 B.C in England. It appears that the ancestor of the common domestic pig belonged to a single wild species, Sus scrofa, formerly extant throughout Eurasia and also found in North-Africa and Nile Valley. About 25 sub species of Sus scrofa have been described (Clutton-Brock, 1981) and it is assumed that they evolved by adaptations to localised environment. In addition, there are four other sub-species and one related animal (National Research Council, 1998) found only in the South-East Asia. These are:

1. Sus barbatus (the bearded pig) A quite large (<150 kg) animal with red or black coat found in Philippines, the island of Borneo and Sumatra in Indonesia and the Malay peninsula. It had not been domesticated, but it hybridises with S. scrofa, both sexes being fertile.

2. Sus celebesis (the Sulawesi Warty pig) A medium sized (<70 kg) animal, with a red/brown coat. It is found in Sulawesi and other Eastern islands of Indonesia. It has been domesticated on the island of Roti and is one ...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• 1. Swine Production
• 2. Swine Breeding
• 3. Swine Feeding
• 4. Swine Housing
• 5. Swine Management
• 6. General Swine Health Management Programme
• 7. Pork Production Technology
• 8. Bio-Fuel Production from Pork Fat
• Reference/Suggested Reading
• Index