Process Modeling and Management for Healthcare

Carlo Combi, Giuseppe Pozzi, Pierangelo Veltri, Carlo Combi, Giuseppe Pozzi, Pierangelo Veltri

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2017
• Print ISBN: 9781138196650
• eBook ISBN: 9781315299938
• Topic: Medicine
• Subtopic: Operations

From the Foreword:

"[This book] provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamental concepts in healthcare process management as well as some advanced topics in the cutting-edge research of the closely related areas. This book is ideal for graduate students and practitioners who want to build the foundations and develop novel contributions in healthcare process modeling and management."

--Christopher Yang, Drexel University

Process modeling and process management are traversal disciplines which have earned more and more relevance over the last two decades. Several research areas are involved within these disciplines, including database systems, database management, information systems, ERP, operations research, formal languages, and logic. Process Modeling and Management for Healthcare provides the reader with an in-depth analysis of what process modeling and process management techniques can do in healthcare, the major challenges faced, and those challenges remaining to be faced. The book features contributions from leading authors in the field.

The book is structured into two parts. Part one covers fundamentals and basic concepts in healthcare. It explores the architecture of a process management environment, the flexibility of a process model, and the compliance of a process model. It also features a real application domain of patients suffering from age-related macular degeneration.

Part two of the book includes advanced topics from the leading frontiers of scientific research on process management and healthcare. This section of the book covers software metrics to measure features of the process model as a software artifact. It includes process analysis to discover the formal properties of the process model prior to deploying it in real application domains. Abnormal situations and exceptions, as well as temporal clinical guidelines, are also presented in depth Pro.

Contents

List of Figures

List of Tables

Foreword

Preface

Editors’ Bios

Contributors

Section I Fundamentals

Chapter 1 ▪ Models and Architectures for the Enactment of Healthcare Processes

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Carlo Combi, Barbara Oliboni, Giuseppe Pozzi and Francesca Zerbato

1.1 INTRODUCTION

1.2 HEALTHCARE PROCESS MANAGEMENT

1.3 THE BUSINESS PROCESS MODEL NOTATION – BPMN

1.3.1 Applications of BPMN in Healthcare

1.4 MODELING PERSPECTIVES IN BPM

1.5 WORKFLOW ARCHITECTURES

1.6 CONCLUSION

EXERCISES

GLOSSARY

FURTHER READING

Chapter 2 ▪ Flexible Support of Healthcare Processes

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Manfred Reichert and Rüdiger Pryss

2.1 INTRODUCTION

2.2 HEALTHCARE PROCESS CHARACTERISTICS

2.3 FLEXIBILITY NEEDS FOR HEALTHCARE PROCESSES

2.3.1 Variability

2.3.2 Adaptation

2.3.3 Evolution

2.3.4 Looseness

2.4 PROCESS VARIABILITY SUPPORT

2.5 PROCESS ADAPTATION SUPPORT

2.6 PROCESS EVOLUTION SUPPORT

2.6.1 Deferred Process Evolution

2.6.2 Immediate Process Evolution and Instance Migration

2.7 PROCESS LOOSENESS SUPPORT

2.8 OTHER PROCESS FLEXIBILITY APPROACHES

2.8.1 Constraint-Based Processes

2.8.2 Object-Centric Processes

2.9 SUMMARY

EXERCISES

GLOSSARY

FURTHER READING

Chapter 3 ▪ Process Compliance

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Stefanie Rinderle-Ma

3.1 WHAT IS PROCESS COMPLIANCE?

3.2 COMPLIANCE FOR HEALTH CARE PROCESSES: CHALLENGES

3.3 CHECKING COMPLIANCE OF HEALTHCARE PROCESSES AT DESIGNTIME

3.4 MONITORING COMPLIANCE CONSTRAINTS OVER HEALTH CARE PROCESSES AT RUNTIME

3.4.1 Resource-Related Compliance Constraints

3.4.2 Time-Related Compliance Constraints

3.4.3 Data-Aware Compliance Constraints

3.4.4 Ex-Post Compliance and Conformance Checks

3.5 DATA QUALITY IN HEALTHCARE

3.6 SUMMARY AND FURTHER CHALLENGES

EXERCISES

GLOSSARY

FURTHER READING

Chapter 4 ▪ Modeling a Process for Managing Age-Related Macular Degeneration

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Aitor Eguzkitza, Jesús D. Trigo, Miguel Martínez-Espronceda, Luis Serrano and José Andonegui

4.1 INTRODUCTION

4.2 BACKGROUND

4.2.1 Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

4.2.1.1 Classification System

4.2.1.2 Strategy for Diagnosis and Follow-Up

4.2.1.3 Therapeutic Recommendation

4.2.2 Methodology to Formalize Clinical Practice into Information Systems

4.3 MODELING A HIGH RESOLUTION CONSULTATION TO MONITOR THE TREATMENT OF WET AMD

4.3.1 Definition of the Project

4.3.2 Design of the Clinical Process

4.3.2.1 Step B.1: Definition of the Clinical Process

4.3.2.2 Step B.2: Study of Clinical Concepts

4.3.2.3 Step B.3: Hierarchical Organization of Knowledge Artifacts

4.3.3 Building the Electronic Model

4.3.3.1 Step C.1: Creation and Update of Archetypes

4.3.3.2 Step C.2: Definition of Semantic Links to Clinical Terminologies

4.3.3.3 Step C.3: Building Templates

4.3.3.4 Step C.4: Modeling Guideline Rules and Workflow

4.3.3.5 Step C.5: Modeling UI Forms

4.4 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SERVICE

4.5 DISCUSSION

4.6 CONCLUSION

EXERCISES

GLOSSARY

Chapter 5 ▪ Scientific Workflows for Healthcare

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Giuseppe Tradigo, Patrizia Vizza, Pietro Hiram Guzzi, Andrea Tagarelli and Pierangelo Veltri

5.1 INTRODUCTION

5.2 INTERACTIVE PATIENT DATA PROCESSING

5.2.1 Hemodynamics Clinical Data Processing

5.2.2 Electrophysiology Data Processing

5.2.3 Visual Stimuli Data Processing in Magnetic Resonance

5.3 OFFLINE PATIENT DATA PROCESSING

5.3.1 Sharing EPR Information for Clinical Protocol Studies

5.3.2 Merging Geographic and Health Information

5.3.3 Genome-Wide Association Studies for Precision Medicine

5.3.4 Mass Spectrometry Workflow for Peptide Discovery

5.3.5 Health Status Detection through Audio Signal Analysis

5.4 SUMMARY AND FURTHER PERSPECTIVES

EXERCISES

GLOSSARY

FURTHER READING

Section II Advanced Topics

Chapter 6 ▪ Metrics for Processes in Healthcare

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Jan Mendling

6.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF PROCESSES IN HEALTHCARE

6.2 MEASURING THE COMPLEXITY OF PROCESSES

6.3 MEASURING THE UNDERSTANDING OF PROCESSES

6.4 MEASURING THE PERFORMANCE OF PROCESSES

6.5 MEASURING THE CONFORMANCE OF PROCESSES

6.6 CONNECTIONS BETWEEN MEASUREMENTS

EXERCISES

GLOSSARY

FURTHER READING

Chapter 7 ▪ Healthcare Process Analysis

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Robert Andrews, Suriadi Suriadi, Moe Wynn and Arthur H.M. ter Hofstede

7.1 INTRODUCTION

7.2 BACKGROUND

7.3 PROCESS MINING FOR HEALTHCARE PROCESSES

7.3.1 Preprocessing Hospital Data as an Event Log

7.3.2 Data Quality

7.3.3 Automated Discovery of Hospital Processes

7.3.4 Checking Conformance to Clinical Guidelines

7.3.5 Performance Analysis of Hospital Processes

7.3.6 Comparative Analysis

7.4 CHALLENGES AND OUTLOOK

EXERCISES

GLOSSARY

Chapter 8 ▪ Exception Management in Healthcare Processes

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Mor Peleg and Giuseppe Pozzi

8.1 INTRODUCTION

8.2 BASICS OF EXCEPTIONS

8.2.1 Exception Definition

8.2.2 Taxonomy of Expected Exceptions

8.2.3 Some Examples of Exceptions

8.3 DESIGN METHODOLOGY FOR EXCEPTIONS IN HEALTHCARE PROCESSES

8.3.1 Some Examples of Exception Mapping

8.4 CONCLUSIONS

EXERCISES

GLOSSARY

FURTHER READING

Chapter 9 ▪ Temporal Clinical Guidelines

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Luca Anselma, Luca Piovesan and Paolo Terenziani

9.1 INTRODUCTION

9.2 REPRESENTATION OF TIME IN CLINICAL GUIDELINES

9.2.1 Database Representation of Patients’ Data

9.2.2 Knowledge Representation for Temporal Abstraction

9.2.3 Representation of Temporal Constraints

9.3 REASONING ABOUT TIME IN CLINICAL GUIDELINES

9.3.1 Constraint Propagation

9.3.1.1 Introduction to Constraint Propagation

9.3.1.2 Temporal Facilities for Clinical Guidelines

9.3.1.3 Constraint Propagation in Clinical Guideline Systems

9.3.1.4 Constraint Propagation in Artificial Intelligence

9.3.2 Temporal Abstraction

9.3.2.1 Temporal Abstraction Mechanisms

EXERCISES

GLOSSARY

FURTHER READING

Bibliography

Index

List of Figures

1.1 Simple healthcare process representing detection and confirmation of catheter-related bloodstream infections in Intensive Care Units.

1.2 Relationships between BPM perspectives.

1.3 Excerpt of a hospital organigram.

1.4 Example of BPMN process diagram for the assessment and treatment of a patient diagnosed with appendicitis in an emergency room.

1.5 BPMN choreography model for the interactions between the ER physician, the surgeon, and the lab analyst.

1.6 Entity-Relationship (E-R) diagram representing part of a hospital information system related to the management of patients’ examinations and treatment.

1.7 Entity-Relationship (E-R) diagram representing the main entities involved in the organization (attributes are omitted).

1.8 Entity-Relationship (E-R) diagram representing the main elements of a BPMN process diagram.

1.9 Entity-Relationship (E-R) diagram representing data related to process execution.

1.10 WfMC Workflow Reference Architecture. The central workflow enactment service interacts with external invoked applications through the five interfaces. Interface 1 formalizes the separation between process design and run times.

1.11 XPDL description of the two connected activities “Schedule physical examination” and “Physical examination”, belonging to the process of Figure 1.4.

2.1 Examples of healthcare process variants.

2.2 Drivers for process evolution.

2.3 Example of a configurable reference process model.

2.4 Examples of configuration settings.

2.5 Example of a structural process adaptation.

2.6 State-compliant adaptation of process instances.

2.7 Process model evolution and process instance migration.

2.8 Late selection of process fragments.

2.9 Late modeling of process fragments.

2.10 Late selection with Worklets.

2.11 Example of a constraint-based process model.

3.1 An overview on process compliance.

3.2 Process model (in BPMN) of the skin cancer treatment guideline at top level (all steps represent subprocesses).

3.3 Reference process model R (in BPMN) for subprocess Conduct aftercare in the skin cancer treatment guideline (all appointment steps represent subprocesses).

3.4 Process model P (in BPMN).

3.5 Constraint C1 represented in different languages, i.e., CRG, FOL, LTL, and EC.

3.6 Checking compliance of reference process model (cf. Figure 3.3) with C1 using LTL Checker in ProM 6.2.

3.7 Process model...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Halftitle
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Table of Contents