Internet of Things with Raspberry Pi and Arduino

Rajesh Singh, Anita Gehlot, Lovi Raj Gupta, Bhupendra Singh, Mahendra Swain

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2019
• eBook ISBN: 9781000727029
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Computer Science
• Subtopic: Computer Science General
• Index: Computer Science

This book provides a platform to understand Internet of things with Raspberry Pi and the basic knowledge of the programming and interfacing of the devices and designed systems. It broadly covers introduction to Internet of Things and enabling technologies, interfacing with Raspberry Pi and Arduino and interfacing with Raspberry Pi GPIO. Internet of Things with Raspberry pi and Arduino is aimed at senior undergraduate, graduate students and professionals in electrical engineering, computer engineering including robotics.

Section II

Basics of Arduino and Raspberry Pi

4

Basics of Arduino

4.1 Introduction to Arduino

Arduino was invented at the Ivrea Interaction Design Institute. It was designed for fast prototyping, targeting the hobbyist without any programming background. Soon the user-friendly platform attracted an audience covering a wider community and started changing to adapt the latest trends in the market, from an 8-bit board to IoT products, wearable devices, and an embedded environment. Arduino boards are completely open source and can be used for application development with particular requirements. The Arduino software is user-friendly and easy to begin with a flexible environment for advanced users. It can be operated on Mac, Linux, and Window platforms. New things can be learned with Arduino.

Advantages of Arduino:

Cost: Arduino boards are less expensive compared to other microcontroller boards.

Platform: The Arduino Software (IDE) is compatible with most of the operating systems like Macintosh OSX, Windows, and Linux.

User friendly: The Arduino Software (IDE) is user-friendly, easy to begin, and has flexibility for the skilled programmers.

Open source: The Arduino is an open-source software that can be programmed with C, C++, or AVR-C languages. So a variety of modules can be designed by users.

4.1.1 Arduino Uno

The Arduino/Genuino Uno has an onboard ATmega328 microcontroller. It has 6 analog input ports (A0–A5) and 14 digital I/O ports, out of which 6 are PWM pins. Each pin can operate on 0–5 V of voltage. It operates at 16 MHz of frequency. Figure 4.1 shows the Arduino Uno board (Table 4.1).

FIGURE 4.1
Arduino Uno board.

TABLE 4.1
Pin Description of Arduino UNO

Pin	Description
Vin	It is the external voltage to the board
3.3 V	3.3 V supply, on board
+5 V	Output voltage +5 V
GND	Ground
IOREF	It is to select the appropriate power source by providing the voltage reference
Serial	It can transmit and receive serial data with 0(Rx) 1(Tx)
External Interrupts	Trigger an interrupt on low value (pins 2 and 3)
PWM	8 bit six PWM (3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11)
SPI	It supports SPI communication [10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO) and 13 (SCK)]
LED	Inbuilt LED driven
TWI	TWI communication [A4 (SDA), and A5 (SCL)]
AREF	Reference voltage with the analog inputs
Reset	It is used to reset the onboard microcontroller

4.1.2 Arduino Mega

The Arduino Mega has an onboard ATmega2560 microcontroller. It has 16 analog inputs, 54 digital I/Os, USB connection, 4 UART, a power jack, and a reset button. It operates on 16 MHz frequency. Figure 4.2 shows the Arduino Mega board (Table 4.2).

FIGURE 4.2
Arduino Mega board.

TABLE 4.2
Pin Description

Pin	Description
Vin	The external voltage to the Arduino board
+5 V	Output a regulated 5 V
3.3 V	Onboard 3.3 V supply
GND	Ground
IOREF	It is to select the appropriate power source by providing the voltage reference
Serial0	It can transmit and receive serial data with 0(Rx) and 1(Tx)
Serial1	It can transmit and receive serial data with 19(Rx) and 18(Tx)
Serial2	It can transmit and receive serial data with 14(Rx) and 16(Tx)
External Interrupts	It triggers an external interrupt at low value with 2 (interrupt 0), 3 (interrupt 1), 18 (interrupt 5), 19 (interrupt 4), and 20 (interrupt 2)
PWM	8 bit PWM (pins: 2–13 and 44–46)
SPI	It supports SPI communication [10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), and 13 (SCK)]
LED	LED driven at pin 13
TWI	Supports TWI communication [pins: ...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Authors
• Section I Introduction
• Section II Basics of Arduino and Raspberry Pi
• Section III Interfacing with Raspberry Pi and Arduino
• Section IV Connecting to the Cloud
• Bibliography
• Index