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Phonetics for Communication Disorders
Martin J. Ball, Nicole Muller
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- English
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eBook - ePub
Phonetics for Communication Disorders
Martin J. Ball, Nicole Muller
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About This Book
This comprehensive textbook offers a basic introduction to phonetics in an applied systematic presentation that equips the communication disorders student to deal with the wide range of speech types that will be encountered in a clinic. While the major discussion is articulatory, speech acoustics are also examined. Illustrations of sample spectrograms appear in tandem with the more traditional articulatory drawings. Downloadable resources of sound examples accompany the textbook. This comprehensive textbook offers a basic introduction to phonetics in an applied systematic presentation that equips the communication disorders student to deal with the wide range of speech types that will be encountered in a clinic. While the major discussion is articulatory, speech acoustics
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Appendix 1
THE INTERNATIONAL PHONETIC ALPHABET (revised to 1993, updated 1996)
CONSONANTS (PULMONIC)
extIPA SYMBOLS FOR DISORDERED SPEECH (Revised to 2002)
VoQS: Voice Quality Symbols
Airstream Types
| Œ oesophageal speech | И electrolarynx speech |
| Ю tracheo-cesophageal speech | ↓ pulmonic ingressive speech |
Phonation types
| V modal voice | F falsetto |
| W whisper | C creak |
| V̤ whispery voice (murmur) | V̰ creaky voice |
| Vh breathy voice | C̣ whispery creak |
| V! harsh voice | V!! ventricular phonation |
| V̬!! diplophonia | Ṿ!! whispery ventricular phonation |
| V̟ anterior or pressed phonation | W̱ posterior whisper |
Supralaryngeal Settings
| L̝ raised larynx | L̞ lowered larynx |
| Vœ labialized voice (open round) | Vw labialized voice (close round) |
| V͍ spread-lip voice | Vʋ labio-dentalized voice |
| V̺ linguo-apicalized voice | V̻ linguo-laminalized voice |
| V^ retroflex voice | V̪ dentalized voice |
| Vɇ alveolarized voice | Vɇj palatoalveolarized voice |
| Vj palatalized voice | Vɣ velarized voice |
| Vʁ uvularized voice | Vˁ pharyngealized voice |
| V̙ˁ laryngo-pharyngealized voice | VĦ faucalized voice |
| Ṽ nasalized voice | V͊ denasalized voice |
| J̞ open jaw voice | J̝ close jaw voice |
 |
J̟ protruded jaw voice |
| ̪̪ clenched teeth voice | Θ protruded tongue voice |
USE OF LABELED BRACES ( NUMERALS TO MARK STRETCHES OF SPEECH AND DEGREES AND COMBINATIONS OF VOICE QUALITY:
© 2004 Martin J. Ball, John Esling, Craig Dickson
Appendix 2
DISTINCTIVE FEATURES
The following are commonly used binary features, derived from the work of Chomsky and Halle (1968). These are the features needed for English; several other features are used for nonpulmonic sounds, for example.
Major Class Features
[± sonorant]: presence versus absence of open vocal tra...