Power Electronic Converters

Interactive Modelling Using Simulink

Narayanaswamy P R Iyer

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2018
• Print ISBN: 9780815368199
• eBook ISBN: 9781351255738
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• Subtopic: Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications
• Index: Technology & Engineering

Provides a step-by-step method for the development of a virtual interactive power electronics laboratory. The book is suitable for undergraduates and graduates for their laboratory course and projects in power electronics. It is equally suitable for professional engineers in the power electronics industry. The reader will learn to develop interactive virtual power electronics laboratory and perform simulations of their own, as well as any given power electronic converter design using SIMULINK with advanced system model and circuit component level model.

Features

• Examples and Case Studies included throughout.

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• Introductory simulation of power electronic converters is performed using either PSIM or MICROCAP Software.

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• Covers interactive system model developed for three phase Diode Clamped Three Level Inverter, Flying Capacitor Three Level Inverter, Five Level Cascaded H-Bridge Inverter, Multicarrier Sine Phase Shift PWM and Multicarrier Sine Level Shift PWM.

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• System models of power electronic converters are verified for performance using interactive circuit component level models developed using Simscape-Electrical, Power Systems and Specialized Technology block set.

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• Presents software in the loop or Processor in the loop simulation with a power electronic converter examples.

1

Introducton

1.1 Background

The performance of power electronic converters can be studied using mathematical equations which describe the behaviour of the particular converter. For example, the load current and load voltage pattern for a single-phase full-wave diode bridge rectifier delivering power to a series-connected R–L load can be studied by developing and then solving the differential equation describing the behaviour of this converter. The power electronic converter supplying power to these loads can be developed either as a system model that duplicates the performance of this converter or as a circuit model using the actual power electronic semiconductor and other passive components.

The models developed in this book are system models that solve the equations describing the behaviour of the system. A relatively new concept known as the switching function concept is used to simulate the behaviour of the power electronic converters [1–9]. At this stage, it will be appropriate to mention the difference between the system model and the circuit component-level model that is obtained by electronic circuit simulation software. While the system model solves the characteristic equation describing the behaviour of the system, circuit component-level models developed using electronic circuit simulators use the passive and active semiconductor component parameters, such as, for example, ON and OFF switch resistance, voltage and current gain values, parasitic or stray capacitances between junctions, junction potentials, inherent inductive reactance and so on arranged as a subcircuit (also called the equivalent circuit of the semiconductor component or the device) to solve a given power electronic converter. In the system models, the characteristic equation describing the behaviour of the system can be either algebraic or differential.

1.2 Why Use Simulink?

In this book, I have used Simulink® software developed by The Mathworks Inc. [10]. Simulink has the following advantages compared with other software packages with regard to power electronic circuit simulation:

• Facility to develop interactive models with user dialogue boxes for power electronic systems, with which any given power electronic converter can be tested by entering the parameters in the dialogue boxes without actually going into each block of the model to enter the data. This saves time for the user and finds applications in the virtual power electronics laboratory. This is one of the unique features in Simulink.
• Harmonic analysis of power electronic converters can be easily developed with Powergui in the PowerSystems block set.
• Many non-linear phenomena such as pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques can be easily verified.
• Many power electronic circuits can be studied by modelling techniques and can be verified by semiconductor components in the PowerSystems block set; that is, it is possible to develop both system models based on the characteristic equations describing the behaviour of the system and electronic circuit component-level models utilising the equivalent circuit parameters of the semiconductor component.
• Facility to study analogue and digital gate drives used in power electronic circuits.
• Facility to save data in workspace, which can be later brought to the MATLAB^® window for further mathematical processing, editing graphics and so on.

1.3 Significance of Modelling

The significance of the term modelling is summarized here:

• Modelling a physical system refers to the analysis and synthesis to arrive at a suitable mathematical description encompassing the dynamic characteristics of the system in terms of its parameters [11].
• Models are used to predict the performance of the given system [11].
• Model prediction permits engineers to think of its potential applications and practical implementation and to develop various control strategies [11].
• Reduces time involved or shortens the overall design process [12, 13].
• Saves time and money as compared with procuring, installing and testing the system in the laboratory, especially when the system is too bulky [11].
• Simulation refers to performing experiments on the model [11].
• Computer simulation plays a vital role in the R&D of power electronic devices for its high manoeuvrability, low cost and ability to speed up system implementation [14].

1.4 Book Novelty

The book mainly concentrates on interactive modelling of selected power electronic converters using Simulink. This book’s novelties are given here:

1. The interactive system model for single-phase AC to DC converter using diodes developed here is new and different from that existing in the literature references.
2. The interactive system model for single-phase AC to DC converter using silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCRs) developed here is new.
3. The interactive system model for three-phase inverter in the discontinuous current conduction (120°) mode is new.
4. The interactive system model three-phase sine-triangle carrier PWM inverter is new.
5. The interactive system models for three-phase thyristor AC to AC controllers are new.
6. The interactive system model for buck converter switched mode power supply (SMPS), especially the feedback control part using a triangle carrier is new. This is different from that existing in the literature references, where a saw-tooth carrier is used.
7. The interactive system model for quadratic boost and ultra-lift Luo converters are new.
8. The interactive system models developed for three-phase diode-clamped three-level inverter (DCTLI), flying-capacitor three-level inverter (FCTLI) and five-level cascaded H-bridge inverter (FLCHBI) are new.
9. The interactive system models developed for multi-carrier sine-phase shift PWM (MSPSPWM) and multi-carrier sine-level shift PWM (MSLSPWM) are new.
10. The software in the loop (SIL) or processor in the loop (PIL) simulation is presented with a power electronic converter example.
11. System models of power electronic converters are verified for performance using interactive circuit component-level models developed using Simscape-Electrical, Power Systems and Specialized Technology block sets.

1.5 Book Outline

In this text book, interactive system models for power electronic converters have mainly been developed and are then verified using interactive circuit component-level models.

Chapter 1 provides the introduction. In Chapter 2, the method of developing and advantage of interactive modelling are presented with a power electronic converter example. Chapters 3 through 6 provide building of interactive system models for AC to DC, DC to AC, DC to DC and AC to AC converters respectively. In Chapter 3, system models for single-phase full-wave diode bridge rectifier (FWDBR), single-phase full-wave thyristor silicon controlled rectifier (SCR), controlled bridge rectifier (FWCBR) and three-phase FWDBR are presented. In Chapter 4, system models for continuous current conduction (180°) mode and discontinuous current conduction (120°) mode inverters and the three-phase sine-triangle carrier PWM inverter are presented. In Chapter 5, system models for second-order DC to DC converters such as buck, boost and buck–boost converters are presented. In Chapter 6, three-phase thyristor AC to AC controllers connected in series with resistive loads in star with isolated neutral and three-phase thyristor AC to AC controllers in series with resistive load in delta are presented. In Chapter 7, the system model for SMPS using a buck converter is presented. The system models for fourth-order DC to DC converters such as single-ended primary inductance converters (SEPIC), quadratic boost and ultra-lift Luo converters are presented in Chapter 8. Chapter 9 deals with system models for three-phase DCTLI, three-phase FCTLI, three-phase FLCHBI, multi-carrier sine-phase shift (MSPS) and multi-carrier sine-level shift (MSLS) PWM. Finally, system models of power electronic converters discussed in Chapters 3 through 9 are verified for performance using circuit component-level models in Chapter 10, where semiconductor and passive components from Simscape-Electrical, Power Systems and Specialized Technology block sets are used. An interactive component-level model and real-time SIL or PIL simulation of a single-phase half H-bridge sine PWM inverter is presented in Chapter 11.

In the system- and component-level models for these power electronic converters, it is the aim to simulate any given power electronic converter by entering the parameters of the converter into the appropriate dialogue boxes, without altering the inner details of the model. This easy-to-use system, and component-level models, save time and are suitable for virtual power electronic laboratory applications.

References

1. B.K. Lee and M. Ehsani: “A simplified functional model for 3-phase voltage source inverter using switching function concept”, IEEE-IECON ’99; Vol.1; San Jose, CA, November–December 1999; pp. 462–467.
2. B.K. Lee and M. Ehsani: “A simplified functional simulation model for three-phase voltage source inverter using switching function concept”, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics; Vol.48, No.2, April 2001; pp. 309–321.
3. V.F. Pires and J.F.A. Silva: “Teaching nonlinear modelling, simulation and control of electronic power converters using MATLAB/SIMULINK”, IEEE Transactions on Education; Vol.45, No.3, August 2002; pp. 253–256.
4. B. Baha: “Modelling of resonant switched-mode converters using SIMULINK”, IEE Proceedings, Electric Power Applications; Vol.145, No.3, May 1998; pp. 159–163.
5. G.D. Marques: “A simple and accurate system simulation of three-phase diode rectifiers”, IEEE-IECON; Aachen, Germany, 1998; pp. 416–421.
6. B. Baha: “Simulation of switched-mode power electronic circuits”, IEE Intern...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• 1 Introduction
• 2 Fundamentals of Interactive Modelling
• 3 Interactive Models for AC to DC Converters
• 4 Interactive Models for DC to AC Converters
• 5 Interactive Models for DC to DC Converters
• 6 Interactive Models for AC to AC Converters
• 7 Interactive Modelling of an Switched Mode Power Supply Using Buck Converter
• 8 Interactive Models for Fourth-Order DC to DC Converters
• 9 Interactive Models for Three-Phase Multilevel Inverters
• 10 Interactive Model Verification
• 11 Interactive Model for and Real-Time Simulation of a Single-Phase Half H-Bridge Sine PWM Inverter
• Index