Computational Nanophotonics

Modeling and Applications

Sarhan Musa

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2018
• Print ISBN: 9781466558762
• eBook ISBN: 9781351832113
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• Subtopic: Electrical Engineering & Telecommunications
• Index: Technology & Engineering

This reference offers tools for engineers, scientists, biologists, and others working with the computational techniques of nanophotonics. It introduces the key concepts of computational methods in a manner that is easily digestible for newcomers to the field. The book also examines future applications of nanophotonics in the technical industry and covers new developments and interdisciplinary research in engineering, science, and medicine. It provides an overview of the key computational nanophotonics and describes the technologies with an emphasis on how they work and their key benefits.

1

Computational of Optical Micro-/Nanoprism

Sarhan M. Musa and Orion Ciftja

CONTENTS

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Computation of Optical Microprism between Two Optical Waveguides

1.2.1 Modeling and Simulation of the Optical Microprism

1.2.2 Results and Analysis for the Modeling and Simulation of the Optical Microprism

1.3 Computational of Optical Nanoprism

1.4 Conclusions

References

1.1 Introduction

Many nanoscale materials have found wide applications in various scientific and engineering fields. Optical devices have also benefited from this trend. During the last decade, extensive research has been devoted to various metal nanoparticles. These structures manifest very interesting optical properties, which are strongly dependent on their shape and size. By artificially controlling their shapes and sizes, one can effectively tune the overall optical properties, a much desirable feature when building optical devices.

Though nanoparticles can come with various shapes and, generally, it is not easy to fully control their final shape, microprisms and nanoprisms represent a very important key element that has already been synthesized. Micro-/nanoblocks of optical material with flat polished faces arranged at precisely controlled angles are called micro-/nanoprisms. Light passing through micro-/nanoprisms is governed by the laws of light. In fact, the study of light passing through micro-/nanoprisms becomes very useful to nanophotonics and has a great significant use in building optical devices and formatting of images.

When light of an appropriate wavelength goes through such a structure, it can cause oscillation of conduction electrons in metal nanoparticles, such as those of silver and gold, inducing a special optical phenomenon. Differently from bulk optical phenomena, coupling of light and matter in this case is size dependent and scale dependent. The exploitation of the optical properties associated with these structures is based on a small number of discrete differences between features of the microprisms or nanoprisms and also quantum effects.

Today, light coupling and losses occurring as coupling through optical waveguides become an essential issue for optical communications. Optical prism is an optical device that refracts light. Light coupling through prism was used in [1,2,3]. Indeed, the optical prism coupling method was first established in [4]. Optical prism couplers allow for coupling light in and out of an optical waveguide without exposing the cross section of the waveguide [5]. In fact, the phase-match angles θ₀ (the angle of the incident light normal from the waveguide surface) [1] can be written as

${\text{θ}}_0={\cos }^{-1}\left(\frac{\text{β}}{n_p{k}_0}\right)$

(1.1)

where

β is the mode propagation constant of the waveguide

n_p is refractive index of the prism

k₀ is the vacuum wave number

The vacuum wave number k₀ is given by

$k_0=\frac{2\text{π}}{{\text{λ}}_0}$

(1.2)

where

λ₀ is the wavelength of the light

The coupling of light into narrow optical waveguides is only possible if high coupling losses due to diffraction effects in the coupling region are accepted [6].

This chapter will focus on the results of modeling and simulations of light coupling in waveguides through microprism coupl...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Dedication
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Editor
• Contributors
• 1. Computational of Optical Mkro-/Nanoprism
• 2. Role of Computational Intelligence in Nanophotonics Technology
• 3. Nanowire Photonics and Their Applications
• 4. Modeling and Characterization of Nonlinear Optical Effects in Photonic Nanowires
• 5. Modeling Optical Applications of Nanofibers/Nanowires
• 6. Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics: Application to Quantum State Transfer through Nanophotonic Waveguidance
• 7. Nanopatterned Photonics on Probe: Modeling, Simulations, and Applications for Near-Field Light Manipulation
• 8. Coupled Mode Theory and Its Applications on Computational Nanophotonics
• 9. Multilayer Coupled Nanoplasmonic Structures and Related Computational Techniques
• 10. Advanced Techniques in Medical Computational Nanophotonics and Nanoplasmonics
• 12. Defense Applications for Nanophotonics
• 13. Future Trends in Nanophotonics: Medical Diagnostics and Treatment, Nanodevices, and Photovoltaic Cells
• Appendix A: Material and Physical Constants
• Appendix B: Photon Equations, Index of Refraction, Electromagnetic Spectrum, and Wavelength of Commercial Laser
• Appendix C: Symbols and Formulas
• Index
• Plates