Guy Davidson, Monique Rooney, Guy Davidson, Monique Rooney
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Queer Objects
Guy Davidson, Monique Rooney, Guy Davidson, Monique Rooney
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About This Book
Pursuing the discursive or material effects of relational queerness, this book reflects on how objects can illuminate, affect, and animate queer modes of being.
In the early 1990s the queer theorist Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick defined queer as "multiply transitive... relational and strange, " rather than a fixed identity. In spite of this, much of the queer theoretical scholarship of the last three decades has used queer as a synonym for anti-normative sexual identities. The contributions to this volume return to the idea of transitivity, exploring what happens when queer is thought of as a turning toward or turning away from a diverse range of objects, including bodily waste; frozen cats; archival ephemera; the writing of Virginia Woolf; the Pop art of Ray Johnson; the podcast S-Town; and Maggie Nelson's memoir The Argonauts.
Relevant to those studying queer theory, this book will also be of wider interest to those researching identity and the way in which it is represented in a variety of artistic disciplines.
This book was originally published as a special issue of Angelaki.
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for jonathan goldberg and michael moon, in appreciation
scott herring
âEve Sedgwickâs âOther Materialsââ refers to a seminar that Sedgwick offered several times at the CUNY Graduate Center entitled âHow to Do Things with Words and Other Materials.â According to its digitally archived syllabus, the seminarâs graduate students participated in an âexperimental seminar/studio workshopâ with âeach exploring different aspects of the complex relations among language, materiality, and visualityâ via literary and non-literary objects, including those of their own creation (âHow to Do Thingsâ).1 With their âunconventional use of the materiality of both the written word and its support,â these classes were a pedagogical riff on J.L. Austinâs 1955 lectures (âHow to Do Thingsâ). But Sedgwickâs title not only gestures to this British philosopher or to her own revisions of his speech act theory that she put forth in works such as her co-edited collection Performativity and Performance (1995) or Touching Feeling (2003). It also nods to her established interest in creating material things â what her memoir A Dialogue on Love (1999) refers to as âTHE BUDDHIST STUFF, MANIA FOR MAKING UNSPEAKING OBJECTSâ which assist âEMOTIONAL REGISTERS THAT WERENâT AVAILABLE WHILE GENERATING FIRST PERSONâ (Dialogue 207).2 These course offerings coincided with her art pieces as well as their exhibition at Stony Brook University, Dartmouth College, and elsewhere before her death in 2009.
Eve Sedgwickâs âother materialsâ also refers to her fecal matter. The two titles are inextricable, as Sedgwick herself acknowledges. This should come as no surprise given her avowed interest in anality. Think of her close reading of Henry Jamesâs âGolden Bowelâ and his âanal poeticsâ in âIs the Rectum Straight?â (Tendencies 102, 98); her shared glee in filmmaker John Waterâs âtoilet bowl mentalityâ featured in her collaborative essay with Michael Moon (âDivinityâ 236); and her commitment to âfemale anal eroticismâ in âA Poem Is Being Writtenâ (Tendencies 178). All this constituted what Sedgwick, quoting James, calls âaccumulated good stuff,â and it is fitting, then, that the CUNY Graduate Center held a two-day symposium in 2010 juxtaposing public discussion of Sedgwickâs course materials with academic talks organized under the theme of âSpanking & Poetryâ (Touching 60; Fig. 1). Anality and erotics as well as the rear and its material output regularly went hand-in-hand for this theorist. âSOMEHOW,â Sedgwick writes in a line from A Dialogue on Love that Touching Feeling repeats, âTHE SILK AND SHIT GO TOGETHERâ (Dialogue 206; Touching 22).
She was, as usual, on to something. This essay teases out Sedgwickâs not-so-tenuous link between material cultures such as cloth and socially abject matter such as feces by thinking more about the relationship between queer object relations and queer material cultures. As I have argued in previous writings on unorthodox collecting and material deviance, queer theorists and queer studies scholars would do well to appreciate how our organizing keywords â perversion, normativity, normalization â impact persons, subjectivities, and their possessions far beyond any identifiable sex/gender system (Herring). Regimes of normalization do not fade away like old soldiers after homonormativityâs successful march across the West for many LGBTQ individuals and populations. They take on new life in material perverts such as hoarders, or in relationships with what Sedgwick and Moon call the âchemical, cultural, and material garbage â our own waste â in whose company we are destined to live and dieâ (âDivinityâ 235).
These observations have had good company. In his recent book-length evaluation of Sedgwick, art historian Jason Edwards cites my last quoted line above and notes that âSedgwickâs writing pays particular attention to matters analâ (74). Finding that âshe places in centre stage her own rear end,â Edwards zeroes in on how Sedgwick negotiated âa theoretical context in which ideas of âfecalisationâ as necessarily negative were commonplace among Kleiniansâ (75, 74). Picking up on the queerness of this Sedgwickian âSHIT,â my essayâs aim is not to desexualize anality even as Sedgwick noted that the last book she published âincludes so little sexâ (Touching 13). It is instead to consider how her writings on gendered anal erotics from the late 1980s met up with her crafty interest from the mid-1990s onward in what Melanie Klein terms âthe anal object relationâ (123). She â and I â are interested not just in the bottom or the bowels but also in what comes out of our digestive tracts. While I acknowledge and discuss her reliance on Kleinian thought below, I nevertheless show that Sedgwick offered her own queer theory of anal affairs, or, to be more precise, of fecal object relations. Following scholars such as Edwards, Renu Bora, Kathryn Bond Stockton, Robert Reid-Pharr, and others, I consider the critical issue of Sedgwickian bowels as they materialized into an idiosyncratically queer theory of objects and stuff, one that was never not a matter of life and death in this criticâs thought.3 My basic argument is that, while we have extensively detailed Sedgwickâs contributions to literary studies, sexuality, gender, affect, and performativity, we should also see her writings as theorizing queer material relations given how her rearticulating of psychodynamic object relations theory overlapped with the organic and inorganic matter that the workshops of our bodies daily produce. Indeed, Sedgwick listed her intersecting professional fields on her CUNY Graduate Center faculty website page as âthe Victorian novel; queer studies; performativity and performance; experimental critical writing; material culture, especially textiles and texture; early modernism and Proust; Romantic fiction; artistsâ books; non-Lacanian psychoanalysis; Buddhism in the Westâ (Bklynbiblio). I detail how part of her lasting investment in material culture studies was waste matter, including that of her own doing as she made things and, as a practicing Buddhist, also tried to empty herself out.
This piece consequently makes good on Sedgwickâs dedication to material culture and âmaterial garbageâ of all sorts, including feces, which is and is not part of personhood given that human waste matter consists of a bodyâs unprocessed, partially undigested food, drink, and bacteria. But shit, as Freud taught us and as the wordâs various usages imply, can also be an emotional thing released into the world, a queer social bond, and, for an infant, a âfirst âgiftââ to family members (Three Essays 52).4 Sedgwick felt similarly. âIn an essay that has influenced me a lot,â she writes in Touching Feeling, âRenu Bora uses Jamesâs intense fecal interest as his point of departure for a remarkably productive discussion of the whole issue of textureâ (13). My point of departure for this argument will thus be her own.
Some quick words of caution before this close reading begins: I do not intend to dishonor Sedgwick by attending to her own thinking on her own ordure. She took this subject matter seriously throughout her academic essays, her poetry, and her creative non-fiction. I follow her example and do so as well. Her writings have been formative to my own writing on queer entities as well as my development as a white gay male academic who came to US queer theory with Sedgwickâs works in my pocket. With this debt in mind, my piece is not a paranoid reading of her excrement. Neither, however, is it an unabashedly reparative one. I have come to think that Sedgwickâs other materials â unlike those of Klein and many of our queer theories today â suggest one way of âenvision[ing] a further space beyond the depressive positionâ even as she tried âto get a little distance from beyondâ (Weather 136; Touching 8). How waste matter facilitates this task is one of my essayâs subsidiary concerns.
Letâs start, then, with her poem âBathroom Song,â first published in the afterword to a special 2006 issue of Women and Performance on the topic of reparations. Reprinting the piece in the posthumously released The Weather in Proust, her editor Jonathan Goldberg informs us that âBathroom Songâ was earlier included in a 1997 essay entitled âCome as You Areâ â the same year that Duke University Pressâs Series Q released one version of âParanoid Reading and Reparative Reading; or, Youâre So Paranoid, You Probably Think This Introduction Is about Youâ in Sedgwickâs edited collection Novel Gazing. I present the four stanzas of this free verse poem in full:
(Weather xv; reproduced by kind permission of Hal Sedgwick and Duke University Press)
Riffing on nineteenth-century American writer Lydia Maria Childâs 1844 hymn âThe New-England Boyâs Song about Thanksgiving Dayâ (âover the river, and through the wood / To Grandfatherâs house we goâ), this poem concentrates numerous facets of Sedgwickian thought (91). First, the toss-off translation of âWhatever svaha meansâ evidences her non-expert interest in âBUDDHIST STUFFâ as the fourth stanza quotes the Heart Sutra, a meditation that she elsewhere defines as âa key text of East Asian Buddhismâ (Weather 105). By the initial publication date of âBathroom Song,â Sedgwick had written extensively about her own relationship to Buddhism â as well as American translations of Buddhist thinking â in her personal memoir, in the closing chapter of Touching Feeling titled âPedagogy of Buddhism,â in an essay titled âReality and Realization,â and elsewhere. The primacy of this subject reveals itself in âBathroom Songâ as w...