- 482 pages
- English
- ePUB (mobile friendly)
- Available on iOS & Android
eBook - ePub
Primary FRCA in a Box, Second Edition
About this book
Primary FRCA in a Box 2e contains over 200 revision flashcards addressing all the topics needed to pass the Primary FRCA. The key subject areas of physiology, pharmacology, physics, and anatomy are covered in easy-to-learn note format. Illustrations aid understanding making this particularly suited to the viva examination. Using standard question formats from the Royal College exams, Primary FRCA in a Box 2e is an essential tool for effective revision and preparation for the Primary FRCA exams.Recommended for all qualified and trainee anaesthetists and their trainers, and related health professionals.
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Yes, you can access Primary FRCA in a Box, Second Edition by Sarah Armstrong,Barry Clifton,Lionel Davis in PDF and/or ePUB format, as well as other popular books in Medicine & Anesthesiology & Pain Management. We have over one million books available in our catalogue for you to explore.
Information
Physiology
General Principles 62
Effects of old age on anaesthesia
Increased incidence of coexisting disease
●COPD, atherosclerosis, ischaemic heart disease, high blood pressure, arthritis, diabetes mellitus, dementia, Parkinson’s disease, frailty, malnutrition and sensory impairment
●Polypharmacy
●↓ physiological reserve
| Airway | ● Edentulous, ↓ oropharyngeal muscle tone, osteoporotic mandible and cervical spondylosis |
| Respiratory | ● ↓ PaO2 ● ↓ sensitivity to hypoxia and hypercapnia ● ↓ compliance ● ↓ vital capacity ● ↑ closing capacity ● ↑ V/Q mismatch leads to ↑ alveolar–arterial oxygen gradient ● ↑ atelectasis and pneumonia postoperatively |
| Cardiovascular system | ● ↓ heart rate, stroke volume and contractility ● ↓ cardiac output (20% at age 60 years) • ↓ left ventricular compliance ● ↓ sensitivity to inotropes ● ↑ risk of pulmonary thromboembolism |
| CNS | ● Cerebral atrophy (10% reduction in brain weight) ● ↓ cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygen consumption ● ↓ MAC ● ↓ short term memory ● ↓ neurotransmitter concentrations ● ↑ sensitivity to benzodiazepines and opiates ● ↑ risk of confusion |
| Autonomic nervous system | ● Orthostatic hypotension (25% at age 60 years) ● ↓ basal metabolic rate (BMR) and temperature control |
| Gastrointestinal | ● ↑ hiatus hernia • Slower gastric emptying • ↓ hepatic drug metabolism |
| Renal | • ↓ renal blood flow ● ↓ GFR (by 30%–45%) ● ↓ urine concentrating ability ● ↓ drug clearance |
Paediatric anatomy and physiology
●Neonate is up to one month of age
●I...
Table of contents
- Cover
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Dedication
- Introduction
- Contents
- Physics
- Physiology
- Pharmacology
- Anatomy