Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction

A Series of Advances, Volume 11

Jacob A. Marinsky, Yitzhak Marcus

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2017
• Print ISBN:
  9780824784720
• eBook ISBN:
  9781351436304
• Topic: Physical Sciences
• Subtopic: Chemistry
• Index: Chemistry

The Ion Exchange and Solvent Extraction series treats ion exchange and solvent extraction both as discrete topics and as a unified, multidisciplinary study - presenting new insights for researchers in many chemical and related field. Containing current knowledge and results in ion exchange, this text: presents an overview of the chemical thermodynamics of cation-exchange reactions, with particular emphasis placed on liquid-phase- and solid-phase-activity coefficient models; describes the development of surface complexation theory and its application to the ion exchange phenomenon; discusses metal-natural colloid surface reactions and their consideration by surface complexation modelling complements; and covers the influence of humic substances on the uptake of metal ions by naturally occurring materials.

1

Chemical Thermodynamics of Cation Exchange Reactions: Theoretical and Practical Considerations

STEVEN A. GRANT Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire

PHILIP FLETCHER Schlumberger Cambridge Research Limited, Cambridge, England

I. INTRODUCTION

The ion-exchange reaction consists of the replacement of an electrostatically sorbed ion by a like-charged ion from solution. The exchangeable ions may be either positively or negatively charged; the ion exchanger may be solid or liquid; and the equilibrating solution may be aqueous or a mixture of solvents. Given the many chemical environments in which the ion-exchange reaction occurs, it is difficult to write clearly about “general” ion-exchange-reaction thermodynamics. With some loss of generality, this chapter will be restricted to cation-exchange reactions on solid cation exchangers bathed by aqueous electrolyte solutions. This chapter will not neglect consideration of the commonly observed sorption by the cation exchanger of water and neutral salts. It is hoped that the reader will be able to adopt directly any useful ideas found here to his or her particular research problem.

The measurement and chemical-thermodynamic characterization of cation-exchange reactions is commonly employed to understand the process or the environment in which the process occurs. The objective of any formulation of the chemical thermodynamics of cation-exchange reactions is to calculate from experimentally measured cation-exchange data values of thermodynamic functions (typically exchange equilibr...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title Page
• Copyright Page
• Table of Contents
• Preface
• Contributors to Volume 11
• Contents of Other Volumes
• Chapter 1 Chemical Thermodynamics of Cation Exchange Reactions: Theoretical and Practical Considerations Steven A. Grant and Philip Fletcher
• Chapter 2 A Three-Parameter Model for Summarizing Data in Ion Exchange Erik Hogfeldt
• Chapter 3 Description of Ion-Exchange Equilibria by Means of the Surface Complexation Theory Wolfgang H. Holl, Matthias Franzreb, Jürgen Horst, and Siegfried H. Eberle
• Chapter 4 Surface Complexation of Metals by Natural Colloids Garrison Sposito
• Chapter 5 A Gibbs-Donnan-Based Analysis of Ion-Exchange and Related Phenomena Jacob A. Marinsky
• Chapter 6 Influence of Humic Substances on the Uptake of Metal Ions by Naturally Occurring Materials James H. Ephraim and Bert Allard
• Index