The Graded Motor Imagery Handbook

G. Lorimer Moseley, David S. Butler, Timothy B. Beames, Thomas J. Giles

• Publisher: Noigroup Publications
• Year: 2012
• Print ISBN: 9780987246752
• eBook ISBN: 9780987246769
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Medicine
• Subtopic: Physiotherapy, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation

Finally! A handbook arising from the last 15 years of neuroscience, clinical trials and clinical reasoning science is here for both clinicians and pain sufferers. Graded Motor Imagery (GMI) offers a novel three stage synaptic exercise process for neuropathic pain involving left/right discrimination, imagined movements and mirror therapy. With patience, persistence and often lots of hard work, GMI gives new hope for treatment outcomes.

Table of contents

• Contents
• Chapter 1 - Knowledge - The power behind Graded Motor Imagery
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.1.1 Knowledge and reasoning
• 1.2 A special kind of knowledge for GMI users
• 1.2.1 What is in the handbook?
• 1.2.2 The paradigms that underpin our work
• 1.3 The idea of knowledge as context
• 1.4 Some science behind gaining knowledge
• 1.4.1 Knowledge enrichment and conceptual challenges
• 1.4.2 Grains of unhelpful and incorrect information
• 1.4.3 Deep knowledge is better than superficial konwledge
• 1.4.4 'Out of the shadows learning'
• 1.5 A knowledge contract
• 1.6 References
• Chapter 2 - Background, theory and evidence for Graded Motor Imagery
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Starting at the very beginning - neurotags
• 2.2.1 The pain neurotag changes as pain persists
• 2.2.2 Other body related neurotags change as pain persists
• 2.2.3 Reorganised S1 and possible clinical observations
• 2.2.4 Summary of this section
• 2.3 Left/right judgements of pictured hands or feet
• 2.3.1 Laterality recognition
• 2.3.2 How do we make a left/right judgement of a pictured limb?
• 2.3.3 Explicit versus implicit motor imagery
• 2.3.4 Implicit motor imagery - thoughts on underlying neurology
• 2.4 Interpreting response time and accuracy data on left/right judgements
• 2.4.1 Slow response times - average RT > 2.5s
• 2.4.2 Side-to-side difference in response times - difference > 0.3s
• 2.4.3 Some obvious questions
• 2.4.4 Reduced accuracy of left/right judgements < 80% correct
• 2.5 Graded Motor Imagery
• 2.5.1 Preparing the soil - the critical role of explanation
• 2.5.2 The principle of graded exposure and response prevention
• 2.5.3 Mirror neurones may offer some explanations
• 2.5.4 Explicit motor imagery
• 2.5.5 Mirror therapy
• 2.6 Does graded motor imagery work?
• 2.7 Concluding remarks for this chapter
• 2.8 References
• Chapter 3 - Treatment through Graded Motor Imagery
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 The graded part of GMI
• 3.2.1 Graded exposure
• 3.2.2 Two ways of grading in GMI
• 3.2.3 Baselines and flareups
• 3.3 The three stages of GMI
• 3.4 Left/right discrimination (implicit motor imagery)
• 3.4.1 Introduction and definition
• 3.4.2 Tools to assess and treat left/right discrimination changes
• 3.4.3 Recognise online
• 3.4.4 Patients' and therapists' stories about left/right discrimination exercises
• 3.4.5 Summary of left/right discrimination tasks
• 3.5 Explicit motor imagery
• 3.5.1 Introduction and definition
• 3.5.2 Observing, imagining and performing movement
• 3.5.3 The tools for explicit motor imagery
• 3.5.4 The process illustrated via patient stories
• 3.5.5 Summary of explicit motor imagery
• 3.6 Mirrors - 'The user as illusionist'
• 3.6.1 Introduction and definition
• 3.6.2 The tools for mirror therapy
• 3.6.3 Starting the process
• 3.6.4 The process - patient stories
• 3.6.5 Summary - using mirrors
• 3.7 Graded motor imagery as a whole - don't be satisfied with just managing pain
• 3.8 References
• Chapter 4 - Helping the Graded Motor Imagery process with stories and metaphors
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Metaphors and stories
• 4.2.1 What does it have to do with GMI?
• 4.3 Problem solving metaphors and sayings to get you through
• 4.3.1 Helpful metaphors
• 4.3.2 Challenge unhelpful metaphors during the GMI process
• 4.3.3 Be a bit philosophical
• 4.3.4 Quotes from the famous to keep you going
• 4.4 Three common questions answered
• 4.4.1 What don't some people believe me?
• 4.4.2 How does the brain work?
• 4.4.3 Why do we hurt?
• 4.4.4 Powerful natural drugs in our brains - our own drug cabinet
• 4.5 References
• Chapter 5 - The Graded Motor Imagery toolbox
• 5.1 Patience, persistence, courage and commitment
• 5.2 The GMI toolbox
• 5.3 Recognise
• 5.3.1 System requirements
• 5.3.2 Starting up a recognise account
• 5.3.3 Using Recognise as a patient
• 5.3.4 Using Recognise as a clinician
• 5.3.5 The left/right tests
• 5.3.6 Stop test!
• 5.3.6 Test performance
• 5.3.8 Translating results
• 5.3.9 Adding notes
• 5.3.10 Using Recognise for (explicit) motor imagery
• 5.4 Flash cards
• 5.4.1 Practical tips for use
• 5.5 Recognise App
• 5.6 Other useful GMI tools
• 5.6.1 Mirrors, magazines, search engines and photos
• 5.6.2 Contact us
• 5.7 Summary
• INDEX
• GMI Resources
• Explain Pain resources
• Neurodynamics Resources