The Third Reich and the Arab East

Łukasz Hirszowicz

• Publisher: Taylor & Francis
• Year: 2016
• eBook ISBN: 9781315409399
• Edition: 1
• Topic: Social Sciences
• Subtopic: Regional Studies
• Index: Social Sciences

This book, first published in English in 1966, is a comprehensive guide to, and analysis of, the Third Reich's policy towards the Arab world. Based on German archive material, the records of the Nuremburg trials, published collections of American, British, French, German and Italian documents, and on European and Arabian diaries and memoirs, it provides an essential reading of the history of the region at a key point in time.

Notes

I. The Great Powers and the Arab East

¹ R. Bullard, Britain and the Middle East, London, 1951, Pt 3.

² See R. Graziani, Pace Romana in Libia, Milan, 1937; F. E. Evans-Pritchard, The Sanusi of Cyrenaica, Oxford, 1949.

³ See Novaya istoriya stran zarubezhnogo Vostoka, Vol. 2, Moscow, 1952, pp. 365–437; S. N. Fisher, The Middle East. A History, London, 1959, Pt. 3.

⁴ J. Pajewski, ‘Mitteleuropa’. Studia z dziejów imperializmu niemieckiego w dobie pierwszej wojny światowei> Poznań, 1959, p. 143.

⁵ The best study about the Baghdad Railway is E. M. Earle, Turkey, the Great Powers and the Baghdad Railway, New York, 1923; see also Pajewski, op. cit.

⁶ G. E. Kirk, A Short History of the Middle East, London, 1948, p. 98; W. L. Langer, The Diplomacy of Imperialism 1890–1902, New York, 1951, pp. 639 and 643.

⁷ See G. Antonius, The Arab Awakening, The Story of the Arab National Movement, London, 1945; Amin Said, Ath-thawra al-arabiyya al-kubra, Cairo, 1934, 3 vols.; Elie Kedourie, England and the Middle East. The Destruction of the Ottoman Empire 1914–1920, London, 1956; H. W. V. Temperley, A History of the Peace Conference of Paris, Vol. 6, London, 1924, Ch. 1, Pt. 2.

⁸ A classic description of the Arab revolt is T. E. Lawrence, Seven Pillars of Wisdom. A Triumph, London, 1935. See also E. Brémond, Le Hédjaz dans la guerre mondiale, Paris, 1931; H. Young, The Independent Arab, London, 1933; Amin Said, op. cit.; Nuri al-Sa’id, Muhadarat an al-harakat al-askariyya lil-jaysh al-arabi fi al-Hijaz wa-Suriya 1916–1918, Baghdad, 1947.

⁹ The text of the Husein-McMahon correspondence appears in Correspondence between Sir Henry McMahon, His Majesty’s High Commissioner at Cairo, and the Sherif Hussein of Mecca, July 1915–March 1916, Cmd. 5957, London, 1939. See also G. Antonius, op. cit., pp. 413–27; J. C. Hurewitz, Diplomacy in the Near and Middle East, New York, 1956, pp. 13–17. Zeine N. Zeine gives the text of Sherif Husein’s letter of February 18th, 1916 (not reproduced in the above-mentioned books) in an appendix to his book The Struggle for Arab Independence. Western Diplomacy and the Rise and Fall of Faisal’s Kingdom in Syria, Beirut, 1960, pp. 244–7.

¹⁰ The Russian documents relating to the agreements on the partition of Turkey were published after the Revolution by the Soviet Government—E. A. Adamov, Evropeiskie derzhavy i Turciya vo vremya mirovoi voiny, Moscow, 1925–6 (German translation: E. A. Adamow, Die europäischen Mächte und die Türkei während des Weltkrieges. Die Aufteilung der asiatischen Türkei, Dresden, 1932). The relevant British documents are cited in E. L. Woodward and R. Butler, Documents on British Foreign Policy, 1st Ser., Vol. 4, London, 1952, pp. 241–51. J. C. Hurewitz, op. cit., pp. 18–22, reprints these documents. For the text of the so-called Sykes-Picot agreement see G. Antonius, op. cit., pp. 428–30.

¹¹ See E. Kedourie, op. cit.. Ch. 5–6; Zeine N. Zeine, op. cit.

¹² Ch. Weizmann, Trial and Error, London, 1949, p. 193; H. F. Frischwasser-Ra’anan, The Frontiers of a Nation, London, 1955, pp. 75–76.

¹³ Abd ar-Rahman ar-Rafii, Thawrat 1919 sana₉ Cairo, 1946, Ch. 1; J. Marlowe, Anglo-Egyptian Relations 1800–1953, London, 1954, Ch. 9.

¹⁴ Fritz Fischer, Griff nach der Weltmacht, Düsseldorf, 1961, pp. 134–5.

¹⁵ Ibid., p. 144.

¹⁶ H. St. J. Philby, Saudi Arabia, London, 1955, pp. 272–4.

¹⁷ F. Fischer, op. cit., pp. 144–5; Zeine N. Zeine, The Struggle for Arab Independence, loc. cit., pp. 21–22.

¹⁸ G. Antonius, op. cit., Ch. VI; Zeine N. Zeine, Arab-Turkish Relations and the Emergence of Arab Nationalism, Beirut, 1958, Ch. 5; A. Kohen, Ha-mizrah ha-arvi, Tel-Aviv, 1957, pp. 385–90.

¹⁹ F. Fischer, op. cit., p. 145.

²⁰ Zeine N. Zeine, Arab Turkish Relations …, loc. cit.; G. Stitt, A Prince of Arabia, the Emir Shereef Ali Haidar, London, 1937; Ahmed Djemal Pasha, Memoirs of a Turkish Statesman 191...

Table of contents

• Cover
• Half Title
• Title
• Copyright
• Original Title
• Original Copyright
• CONTENTS
• MAPS
• PREFACE
• ABBREVIATIONS
• Dedication
• I. THE GREAT POWERS AND THE ARAB EAST
• II. NAZI GERMANY AND THE PEEL COMMISSION PLAN
• III. REPERCUSSIONS OF THE CZECHOSLOVAK CRISIS AND UNDERSTANDING WITH TURKEY
• IV. OUTBREAK OF WAR
• V. THE FALL OF FRANCE AND THE DECLARATIONS OF OCTOBER 23rd/DECEMBER 5th, 1940
• VI. IRAQ ON THE EVE OF REBELLION
• VII. THE GERMANS AND THE IRAQ REVOLT
• VIII. UPRISING IN IRAQ
• IX. GERMANY AND THE SYRIAN CAMPAIGN
• X. SPREAD OF THE WAR AND NAZI ARAB POLICY
• XI. NEW DECLARATIONS ON ARAB QUESTIONS
• XII. THE AXIS EGYPT OFFENSIVE
• XIII. THE ARAB LEGION AND MUFTI-KILANI DISPUTE
• XIV. EPILOGUE IN TUNISIA
• CONCLUSION
• NOTES
• CHRONOLOGY
• BIBLIOGRAPHY
• INDEX