Cloud Computing

Master Cloud Computing Concepts, Architecture and Applications with Real-world examples and Case studies

Ruchi Doshi

• Publisher: BPB Publications
• Year: 2019
• ISBN:
  9789388511407
• Topic: Computer Science
• Subtopic: Cloud Computing
• Index: Computer Science

Unleash the power of cloud computing using Azure, AWS and Apache Hadoop Key Features

• Provides a sound understanding of the Cloud computing concepts, architecture and its applications
• Explores the practical benefits of Cloud computing services and deployment models in details
• Cloud Computing Architecture, Cloud Computing Life Cycle (CCLC), Load balancing approach, Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC), Google App Engine (GAE)
• Virtualization and Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)
• Cloud Computing applications - Google Apps, Dropbox Cloud and Apple iCloud and its uses in various sectors - Education, Healthcare, Politics, Business, and Agriculture
• Cloud Computing platforms - Microsoft Azure, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Open Nebulla, Eucalyptus, Open Stack, Nimbus and The Apache Hadoop Architecture
• Adoption of Cloud Computing technology and strategies for migration to the cloud
• Cloud computing adoption case studies - Sub-Saharan Africa and India

Description
With the advent of internet, there is a complete paradigm shift in the manner we comprehend computing. Need to enable ubiquity, convenient and on-demand access to resources in highly scalable and resilient environments that can be remotely accessed, gave birth to the concept of Cloud computing. The acceptance is so rapid that the notion influences sophisticated innovations in academia, industry and research world-wide and hereby change the landscape of information technology as we thought of. This book begins with the fundamentals of cloud computing, its service and deployment models, architecture, as well as applications and platforms. It presents some key enterprise strategies and models for the adoption of and migration to cloud. Privacy and security issues and challenges also form a major part of our discussion in the book as well as case studies of cloud computing adoption in Sub-Saharan Africa and India. The book concludes with a discussion of several advanced topics, such as Amazon Web Services (AWS), Open Nebulla, Microsoft Azure, Apache Hadoop and Google App Engine (GAE). What you will learn

• Learn about the Importance of Cloud Computing in Current Digital Era
• Understand the Core concepts and Principles of Cloud Computing with practical benefits
• Discover how Cloud Computing Architecture works
• Learn about the Load balancing approach and Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC)
• Learn about the Virtualization and Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) concepts
• Learn about the various Cloud Computing applications, Platforms and Security concepts
• Understand the adoption Cloud Computing technology and strategies for migration to the cloud
• 
  Who This Book is For
  This book is intended for students of B.E., B.Tech., B.Sc., M.Sc., M.E., and M.Tech. as a text book. The content is designed keeping in mind the bench marked curriculum of various universities (both National and International). Aspiring Cloud Computing Researchers Instructors, Academicians and Professionals, if they are familiar with cloud, can use this book to learn various open source cloud computing tools, applications, technologies. They will also get a flavor of various international certification exams available. Table of Contents
  
• Foundation of Cloud Computing
• Cloud Services and Deployment Models
• Cloud Computing Architecture
• Virtualization Technology
• Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)
• Cloud Security and Privacy
• Cloud Computing Applications
• Cloud Computing Technologies, Platform and Services
• Adoption of Cloud Computing

CHAPTER 1

Foundation of
Cloud Computing

"Cloud computing is a spectrum of things complementing one another and building on a foundation of sharing."

∼ Chris Howard, Research Vice President at Gartner

Objectives

• To learn about the basic concepts of new evolving/emerging technologies in cloud computing
• To learn about the fundamentals of the cloud computing ecosystem and its characteristics
• To learn about the advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing
• To evaluate the cloud's business impact and economics
• To identify the difference between cluster, grid and cloud computing
• To identify the drivers of cloud computing adoption and discuss future of cloud (FoC)

Cloud computing is the delivery of on-demand computing services from applications to storage and processing power over the internet and on a pay-as-you-go basis. Organizations have moved to cloud platforms for better scalability, mobility, and security.

One benefit of using cloud computing services is that organizations can avoid the upfront cost and complexity of owning and maintaining their own IT infrastructure, and instead simply pay for what they use, when they use it.

This chapter takes on a proactive and practical approach to discuss the foundation, background concepts, characteristics as well as the pros and cons of the cloud computing paradigm. We will discuss the evolution from the old traditional computing practice to the most recent cloud computing technology, provisioning sophisticated systems, and infrastructures as utilities for retail access and use over the internet. This chapter concludes by discussing the approaches of migration and economics of potential business impacts as well as prospects for the future of the cloud ecosystem.

In this chapter, we will discuss the following topics:

• Introduction to cloud computing
• History of cloud computing
• Fundamentals of the cloud computing ecosystem
• Characteristics of cloud computing
• Advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing
• Comparison of traditional and cloud computing paradigms
• Evaluating the cloud's business impact and economics
• Business drivers of cloud computing adoption
• Future of cloud (FoC)

Introduction to cloud computing

Cloud computing is a service that integrates the characteristics and functionalities of cloud and computing as a technological revolutionized approach or system. Cloud can be defined as a wide-area network community that houses data centers and their associated software/hardware applications, other Information Technology (IT) resources and infrastructures that can be accessed using internet connectivity. It was further conceptualized as a unique IT environment principally designed to remotely provision regular and scalable IT resources.

On the other hand, according to Technopedia, computing is defined as the process of adopting computer technology to solve a given goal-oriented problem. It can further symbolize the process of gathering, processing and organizing information using some computer software and/or hardware as well as a computer system for a myriad of purposes.

By unifying the concept of cloud and computing, cloud computing has enjoyed a broad and diverse perspective to its definitions. At present, there is no standard and generally acceptable definition for cloud computing. Nevertheless, let us take a look at some definitions of cloud computing:

• A dynamically scalable system that provides internet-based services often virtually.
• A model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (for example, networks, servers, storage, applications and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction (the National Institute for Standards and Technology of the United States).
• A type of parallel and distributed computing system consisting of a collection of inter-connected and virtualized computers that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified computing resources based on Service Level Agreements (SLAs) established through negotiation between the service providers and consumers.
• The delivery of IT infrastructure and applications as a service on-demand to individuals and organizations via internet platforms.
• Forrester Research provided its own definition of cloud computing as: "...a standardized IT capability (services, software, or infrastructure) delivered via Internet technologies in pay-per-use, self-service way."
• Forrester defines cloud computing as "A pool of abstracted, highly scalable, and managed compute infrastructure capable of hosting end-customer applications and billed by consumption."

The following figure shows the basic operating mode of cloud computing. The resources are provisioned and released with less effort from the management and the interaction of a service. Thus, an organization or individuals can use the resources whenever it is required from anywhere and at any time:

Figure 1.1: Basic operating mode of a cloud

Cloud computing offers virtualized pay-per-use platforms which are dynamic, scalable and self-service flexible for resource sharing. It is a distributed computing paradigm embodying the delivery, development and application platforms for utility-based services. It can be seen as a delivery platform when it deploys an application via on-demand services.

An example of cloud computing is the Amazon Elastic Cloud. It acts as a development platform when it provides a general-purpose development environment for programming via the internet. Examples also include Google Sites and Coghead. It allows you to design, build and deploy end-users' applications as an application platform. It also includes Google docs, NetSuite and Cisco-WebEx.

History of cloud computing

Cloud computing has its roots from technologies, including the mainfr...