Evolution of Knowledge Science

Myth to Medicine: Intelligent Internet-Based Humanist Machines

Syed V. Ahamed

• Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann
• Year: 2016
• Print ISBN: 9780128054789
• eBook ISBN: 9780128093559
• Topic: Computer Science
• Subtopic: Artificial Intelligence (AI) & Semantics
• Index: Computer Science

Evolution of Knowledge Science: Myth to Medicine: Intelligent Internet-Based Humanist Machines explains how to design and build the next generation of intelligent machines that solve social and environmental problems in a systematic, coherent, and optimal fashion. The book brings together principles from computer and communication sciences, electrical engineering, mathematics, physics, social sciences, and more to describe computer systems that deal with knowledge, its representation, and how to deal with knowledge centric objects. Readers will learn new tools and techniques to measure, enhance, and optimize artificial intelligence strategies for efficiently searching through vast knowledge bases, as well as how to ensure the security of information in open, easily accessible, and fast digital networks.Author Syed Ahamed joins the basic concepts from various disciplines to describe a robust and coherent knowledge sciences discipline that provides readers with tools, units, and measures to evaluate the flow of knowledge during course work or their research. He offers a unique academic and industrial perspective of the concurrent dynamic changes in computer and communication industries based upon his research. The author has experience both in industry and in teaching graduate level telecommunications and network architecture courses, particularly those dealing with applications of networks in education.- Presents a current perspective of developments in central, display, signal, and graphics processor-units as they apply to designing knowledge systems- Offers ideas and methodologies for systematically extending data and object processing in computing into other disciplines such as economics, mathematics, and management- Provides best practices and designs for engineers alongside case studies that illustrate practical implementation ideas across multiple domains

Part I

Knowledge, Wisdom and Values

Outline

Part I. Knowledge, Wisdom and Values

Section I From Early Thinker to Social Scientists

Section II Information Machines and Social Progress

Section III Knowledge Science and Social Influence

Part I. Knowledge, Wisdom and Values

Part I Summary

This part covers many centuries that span from the knowledge and wisdom across cultures to the embedded artificially intelligent (AI)-based problem algorithms in very modern social machines in hand-held devices. Communication aspects are also presented as they were deployed in the past era and the current high-speed network systems. From the pragmatic outlook of the knowledge society, the horizons of mind have been stretched far and wide, almost tearing the fabric of peace, joy and contentment. The contributions of the social scientists and philosophers serve as bandages to heal the deep scars the willful neglect of Sigmund Freud’s Superego, Carl Young’s concept of the soul, and Kant’s reasons for virtue. The socioeconomic price of moving from Freud to Maslow is evident this part. Numerous winners and losers due to this shift in perspective are explored further in these chapters. The final analysis places mind over machines and as discretion over valor. Human wisdom reigns supreme and reaches further than the spans of global fiber-optic network and inter galactic satellite links.

The scientific innovations have propelled the information-age of two generation into one decade. Knowledge society has moved equally fast but with deep ramification in shifting the power bases in the society. This Part has three Sections: In Section 01 we present the foundations of a civil society as contemplated by the great philosophers, of the East and of the West, and the contributions of scientists and the industrialists. In Section 02, the foundations for the modern computers and networks are established, and in Section 03, the ever increasing human and social needs are integrated with the capability of machine to provide the means to gratify such needs.

Section I

From Early Thinker to Social Scientists

Outline

Section I. From Early Thinker to Social Scientists

Chapter 1 Knowledge and Wisdom Across Cultures

Chapter 2 From Philosophers to Knowledge Machines

Chapter 3 Affirmative Knowledge and Positive Human Nature

Chapter 4 Negative Knowledge and Aggressive Human Nature

Chapter 5 Role of Devices, Computers and Networks

Section I. From Early Thinker to Social Scientists

Part I, Section I, Summary

Section 01 with five chapters deals with two extreme human nature: (a) the wise, philosophic, and contemplative and (b) the aggressive, coarse, brutal and selfish nature of human personality. These two opposing faces of human temperament tear the conscience apart at the lowest levels just as well as it enhances the level of consciousness at the highest levels. The technological revolutions during the later years of the last century have favored the innovations to enhance the leisure and comforts of life. In a very pragmatic world, the contributions of Henry Ford and the Wright Brothers have gained acceptance over teachings of Buddha or the selflessness of Gandhi or even the Presidency of Carter. This drift in the attitude of human thought has affirmed the foundation for the machines of early 20th century technology to foster the electronic age of the later generations. Breaking ground by the invention of the Transistor at Bell Laboratories and the study progress towards integration of logic circuits on Silicon Wafers, the digital age had prompted the PC age and general acceptance of the role of computers as essential forces in the society.

Network technologies and the ‘C language initiated again at Bell Laboratories, have strengthened the communication aspects of information and knowledge necessary to reach the public and survive as strict underlying and universal concepts. These diverse fields of knowledge stemming from semiconductor physics, mathematics, and communication sciences are interrelated and amplified in this Section of Part I of the book. During this thrust forward in making life easier, the ethical counterpart of enhancing social awareness has been ignored due to the lack of direction on the part of the social and political leaders. The wide gap for the greedy to make a deep valley down the path of self-gratification is now deeply entrenched. Human minds being the catalysts for social change can once more chart the balance with the knowledge machines that are contemplative, coherent and steadfast. This is the essential premise of this Section of Part I.

Chapter 1

Knowledge and Wisdom Across Cultures

Chapter Summary

This chapter covers a brief overview of the ancient trails of knowledge through the centers of learning. These trails have become genetic pathways for contemplation over many centuries in Kyoto, Japan; in Nalanda, India; in the Jewish kibotos in Apamea, Phrygia; and in Giza, Egypt. More recently (eighth to thirteenth centuries), astronomy, mathematics, and methodology have been introduced in shrines of learning for the disciples and inmates of these knowledge centers. These seeds of knowledge along the venues of meditation are still based on Aristotle’s notions of universal truisms, beauty and virtue in the minds of saints, gurus, and clergy. In the distant past, these seeds germinated into full blossoms of wisdom through the generations that have followed. Knowledge is many times compared to pristine water in the clouds, rain, and streams, and wisdom is likened to dew drops in the gardens of Eden. Refined thought, art, and generosity blossomed together. Wisdom deeply founded in social justice and fairness evolved much slowly in the prior generations.

The very recent pragmatism in sciences has started to demand immediate wealth and ready cash from knowledge. The pathways to progress have become optical fibers in the modern age of digital switches and information highways. Unfortunately, human reflection and refinement of notions have become subservient to the artificial wisdom of machines. The dramatic use of machines and their abuse have replaced the contemplations of the scholars of the past. Historical data bring home the ironic fact that hand-held PDAs (personal digital assistants) are becoming more affable than the spirituality laden scripture of the monks and gurus. Digits have become their beads; micro-programs have become their mantras; and keypads have become the sitars for the Internet-based transformed Vedic scholars. The monuments of technology have become barriers to the vision that unify the pursuit of science with human betterment. Marxist’s concepts of scientific innovation are not slanted toward raw greed for power and wealth.

The current uses of machines in the routine activities of individuals, societies, and communities are examined from the perspective of both progress and retreat of social change that machines can catalyze. Much as computers have hastened the financial swings in the stock market, the new wave of social machines is likely to hasten the social swings, as they are already evident by the Internet. Dishonest marketers and spammer quickly take most people into deception-lands. Both the positive and negative implications of the impending social machines are presented. The underlying object to direct the machines to social enhancement rather than its decay is emphasized in this part. As much as traditional computers have hastened the business and commercial activities in the modern societies, the well-primed social machines are poised to hasten the routine of peoples, both intellectually and culturally, and to enrich lives of the world community. Information and knowledge society has further hastened such cycles and accelerated the changes. The knowledge culture of this decade is no longer based on the social laws of the last decade!

Keywords

Social movement; Cultural impact; Knowledge revolution; Knowledge machines

1.1 Introduction

Very early civilizations fortified and reinforced the social practices for preservation and survival. Wars, brutality, and exploitation were common. Pragmatism was the mode of self-preservation. Competition for resources was practiced to the deadly ends. In many subcultures of the Aztecs and Incas, the time of plenty was also the period of brutality. Subcultures started t...

Table of contents

• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• About the Author
• Foreword
• Preface
• Part I: Knowledge, Wisdom and Values
• Part II: Summary
• Acronyms for Knowledge Science
• Epilogue: Transitional Knowledge Field Theory (KFT)
• Index