Advances in Carbon Capture

Methods, Technologies and Applications

Mohammad Reza Rahimpour, Mohammad Farsi, Mohammad Amin Makarem, Mohammad Reza Rahimpour, Mohammad Farsi, Mohammad Amin Makarem

• Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
• Year: 2020
• ISBN:
  9780128227589
• Topic: Biowissenschaften
• Subtopic: Umweltwissenschaft

Advances in Carbon Capture reviews major implementations of CO2 capture, including absorption, adsorption, permeation and biological techniques. For each approach, key benefits and drawbacks of separation methods and technologies, perspectives on CO2 reuse and conversion, and pathways for future CO2 capture research are explored in depth. The work presents a comprehensive comparison of capture technologies. In addition, the alternatives for CO2 separation from various feeds are investigated based on process economics, flexibility, industrial aspects, purification level and environmental viewpoints.

• Explores key CO2 separation and compare technologies in terms of provable advantages and limitations
• Analyzes all critical CO2 capture methods in tandem with related technologies
• Introduces a panorama of various applications of CO2 capture

Section II

Absorption techniques and methods for CO₂ capture

Chapter 3: CO₂ absorption by common solvents

Peyman Pakzad^a; Masoud Mofarahi^a,b; Meisam Ansarpour^a; Morteza Afkhamipour^a; Chang-Ha Lee^{b a} Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Petroleum, Gas and Petrochemical Engineering, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran
^b Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Abstract

This chapter summarizes previous studies on CO₂ absorption with a special focus on amine scrubbing technology. First, an overview of carbon capture technologies is presented, including postcombustion, precombustion, and oxy-combustion capture. This subject is expounded by introducing different types of common solvents used in carbon absorption processes along with their specifications and disadvantages. In the next stage, various experimental methods and techniques of vapor-liquid equilibrium measurement, as well as different thermodynamic models for amine-H₂O-CO₂ systems presented in the literature, are discussed. Furthermore, the various mechanisms for CO₂ absorption reaction kinetics based on the zwitterion, termolecular, and base-catalyzed hydration are described. Finally, mass transfer phenomena for CO₂ absorption by amine solutions, amine regeneration, and amine degradation are investigated.

Keywords

CO₂ absorption; Carbon dioxide solvents; Amines regeneration and degradation; CO₂ solubility

Abbreviations

1DMA2P 1-dimethylamino-2-propanol

2DMAE MDEA, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol

2EAE 2-(ethylamino)ethanol

3DMA1P 3-dimethylamino-1-propanol

a interfacial area

AC acetate

ACAP Alstom's chilled ammonia process

AEEA 2-((2-aminoethyl)amino)ethanol

AEP 1-(2-aminoethyl) piperazine

AMP 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanolamine

AMPD 2-amino-1-methyl-1,3-propanediol

[BF₄] tetrafluoroborate

[bmim] 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium

[Bpy] 1-butylpyridinium

C content of component in the bulk phase

CCS carbon capture and storage

CCUS carbon capture, utilization, and storage

COE cost of electricity

DEA diethanolamine

DEAE 2-diethylaminoethanol

DETA diethylenetriamine

DGA diglycolamine

DIPA diisopropanolamine

DMF dimethylformamide

DMSO dimethylsulfoxide

DPEG dimethylether polyethylene glycol

E enhancement factor

EGR enhanced gas recovery

EOR enhanced oil recovery

H Henry's law constant

HMDA hexamethylenediamine

IL ionic liquid

K mass transfer coefficient

k rate constant

K₂CO₃ potassium carbonate

KPr potassium prolinate

MAE 2-methylamino ethanol

MDEA methyldiethanolamine

MEA monoethanolamine

MIPA monoisopropanolamine

N mass flux

NFM N-formylmorpholine

NG natural gas

NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone

NO_x nitrogen oxides

OTABr n-octyltrimethylammonium bromide

[OTF] trifluoromethanesulfonate

P reaction pressure

PC polypropylene carbonate

PG t potassium glycinate

PL potassium lysinate

PZ piperazine

PZEA 2-(1-piperazinyl)-ethylamine

RTIL room-temperature ionic liquid

SDBS sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate

SILM supported ionic liquid membrane

SO_x sulfur oxides

TEA triethanolamine

TEG triethylene glycol

TEGMME triethylene glycol monomethyl ether

TEPA tetraethylenepentamine

TIPA triisopropanolamine

TMDPA 5 tertiary amines, i.e., N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-1,3-propanediamine

TMS sulfolane

TSIL task-specific ionic liquid

TSP trisodium phosphate

vol volume concentration (%)

Y concentration in mole (%)

Subscripts

ap apparent

e effective

G gas

L liquid

obs observed

reg regeneration

Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Persian Gulf University and Yonsei University, for financial support and for granting the required approval for this study. This study was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) and funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (2019K1A4A7A03113187).

3.1: Introduction

Gas-liquid absorption is a unit process to separate a specific gas from the gas mixture by using an appropriate solvent. Absorption is usually used to reduce impurities to enhance process efficiency, eliminating toxic gaseous from a gas mixture, etc. [1]. Such useful applications for this process are recovery alcohol vapor, acid gas removal, and separation of hydrocarbons by water, alkaline aqueous solution, and hydrocarbon oil, respectively [2]. Besides various usages of gas-liquid absorption, CO₂ capture in industry, nature, and also the energy sector by common solvents known as an effective method for this CO₂ removal from gas streams [3, 4].

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) is extensively conside...