Thermodynamics

Jean-Paul Duroudier

• Publisher: ISTE Press - Elsevier
• Year: 2016
• Print ISBN: 9781785481765
• eBook ISBN: 9780081017890
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• Subtopic: Mechanical Engineering
• Index: Technology & Engineering

Thermodynamics includes thirteen independent volumes that define how to perform the selection and calculation of equipment involved in the thirteen basic operations of process engineering, offering reliable and simple methods. Throughout these concise and easy-to-use books, the author uses his vast practical experience and precise knowledge of global research to present an in-depth study of a variety of aspects within the field of chemical engineering. The main concepts of thermodynamics are presented in detail, and their importance is demonstrated through their various practical applications. In this volume, the author provides a general introduction into the study of thermodynamics. Across the five chapters, users will find different concepts involved in the study of energy, including systems, states, energy, laws, and their associated theorems. In addition, the author provides the methods needed for understanding the machinery used in applied thermodynamics to encourage students and engineers to build the programs they need themselves. - Provides detailed descriptions of thermodynamic phenomena - Presents clear analysis and practical applications - Includes different concepts involved in the study of energy, including systems, states, energy, laws, and their associated theorems

1

A Logical Presentation of Thermodynamics

Abstract

There are four states of aggregation: gas, liquid, solid and plasma.

Keywords

Aggregation; Enthalpy; Entropy; Euler’s theorem; Gibbs–Duhem equation; Gibbs energy; Holonomicity; Parameters; Pfaff formula; Reciprocity theorem; Thermodynamics

1.1 Concepts in thermodynamics

1.1.1 States of aggregation of material

There are four states of aggregation: gas, liquid, solid and plasma.

In the discussions herein, we shall only consider the first three.

1.1.2 Phases and components

A material is said to be homogeneous if all of its properties vary contiguously. It is said to be uniform if all its properties have the same value throughout.

A homogeneous piece of material constitutes what is called a “phase”. The number of phases that may be found in nature is, if not limitless, at least very large, because there are a considerable number of chemical species of which they may be composed.

A piece of material is said to be heterogeneous if its properties exhibit discontinuities. However, within a heterogeneous ensemble, there are homogeneous domains which make up phases.

An ensemble – be it homogeneous or heterogeneous – is often said to be either single- or poly-phase.

The terms “component” and “element” denote any species involved in the composition of a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture, whose quantity may vary independently of the other components. The proportions of the d...

Table of contents

• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Dedication
• Copyright
• Preface
• 1: A Logical Presentation of Thermodynamics
• 2: Equations of State and Fugacities
• 3: Solution Activity Coefficients
• 4: Laws Governing the Transfer of Material and Heat Between Two Immiscible Fluids Electrolytes and their Diffusion
• 5: Calculation of the Equilibrium Between Two Fluids
• Appendix 1: Indefinite Integrals Useful for the Calculation of the Functions of State on the Basis of a Cubic Equation
• Appendix 2: Solving Third- and Fourth-degree Equations: Searching for Dimensioless Groups
• Appendix 3: A Few Important Identities
• Appendix 4: A Few Expressions for Partial Vapor Pressures
• Appendix 5: Numerical Calculation of the Solution to F(X) = 0
• Appendix 6: Jacobian Method
• Appendix 7: Characteristics of Various Gases
• Appendix 8: The CGS Electromagnetic System
• Appendix 9: Resistance, Conductance, Diffusance
• Bibliography
• Index