Applied Petroleum Geomechanics

Test Test

• Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
• Year: 2019
• ISBN:
  9780128148150
• Topic: Tecnología e ingeniería
• Subtopic: Ingeniería química y bioquímica

Applied Petroleum Geomechanics provides a bridge between theory and practice as a daily use reference that contains direct industry applications. Going beyond the basic fundamentals of rock properties, this guide covers critical field and lab tests, along with interpretations from actual drilling operations and worldwide case studies, including abnormal formation pressures from many major petroleum basins. Rounding out with borehole stability solutions and the geomechanics surrounding hydraulic fracturing and unconventional reservoirs, this comprehensive resource gives petroleum engineers a much-needed guide on how to tackle today's advanced oil and gas operations.

• Presents methods in formation evaluation and the most recent advancements in the area, including tools, techniques and success stories
• Bridges the gap between theory of rock mechanics and practical oil and gas applications
• Helps readers understand pore pressure calculations and predictions that are critical to shale and hydraulic activity

Chapter 1

Stresses and strains

Abstract

Basic rock mechanics concepts are introduced, including stresses and strains, normal and shear stresses, total and effective stresses, displacement and deformation, and normal and shear strains. The 2-D and 3-D Mohr circle representations of stresses are described, which can be used to interpret mechanical behaviors of rocks under stresses and depletion. Stress–strain governing equations are given for both elastic and poroelastic rocks with thermal effects. Rock anisotropic behaviors are investigated, and the constitutive equations for transversely isotropic and orthotropic rocks are presented. Considerations of anisotropy and poroelasticity play a very important role in understanding mechanical behaviors of rocks, particularly in shale oil and gas formations in which anisotropy and pore pressure are dominant characteristics. In situ stress equations accounting for anisotropy effects are also derived.

Keywords

Anisotropy of rock; Constitutive equation; Effective stress; Mohr’s circle; Stress and strain

1. 1.1 Stresses
   1. 1.1.1 Normal and shear stresses
   2. 1.1.2 Stress components
   3. 1.1.3 Stresses in an inclined plane
   4. 1.1.4 Principal stresses
   5. 1.1.5 Effective stresses
   6. 1.1.6 In situ stresses...