Glass Nanocomposites

Synthesis, Properties and Applications

Basudeb Karmakar, Klaus Rademann, Andrey Stepanov, BASUDEB Karmakar, ANDREY Stepanov

• Publisher: William Andrew
• Year: 2016
• Print ISBN: 9780323393096
• eBook ISBN: 9780323393126
• Topic: Technology & Engineering
• Subtopic: Materials Science
• Index: Technology & Engineering

Glass Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Properties and Applications provides the latest information on a rapidly growing field of specialized materials, bringing light to new research findings that include a growing number of technologies and applications. With this growth, a new need for deep understanding of the synthesis methods, composite structure, processing and application of glass nanocomposites has emerged. In the book, world renowned experts in the field, Professors Karmakar, Rademann, and Stepanov, fill the knowledge gap, building a bridge between the areas of nanoscience, photonics, and glass technology. The book covers the fundamentals, synthesis, processing, material properties, structure property correlation,  interpretation thereof, characterization, and a wide range of applications of glass nanocomposites in many different devices and branches of technology. Recent developments and future directions of all types of glass nanocomposites, such as metal-glasses (e.g., metal nanowire composites, nanoglass-mesoporous silica composites), semiconductor-glass and ceramic-glass nanocomposites, as well as oxide and non-oxide glasses, are also covered in great depth. Each chapter is logically structured in order to increase coherence, with each including question sets as exercises for a deeper understanding of the text. - Provides comprehensive and up-to-date knowledge and literature review for both the oxide and non-oxide glass nanocomposites (i.e., practically all types of glass nanocomposites) - Reviews a wide range of synthesis types, properties, characterization, and applications of diverse types of glass nanocomposites - Presents future directions of glass nanocomposites for researchers and engineers, as well as question sets for use in university courses

II

Oxide Glass Nanocomposites

Chapter 2

Glass-Based Nanocomposites

S. Chatterjee; S.K. Saha; D. Chakravorty Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India

Abstract

This chapter reviews investigations on different nanocomposites in which glass has been the matrix phase. Electrical properties at low temperatures are controlled by electron tunneling between metal islands. Glass ceramics with metal particles exhibit a range of electrical resistivity values. These show large resistivity changes as a function of relative humidity. Metal core-metal oxide shell nanostructures grown within a glass show optical absorption spectra which after theoretical analysis leads to the conclusion that below a certain particle diameter the metal shows a metal-insulator transition. Glass-silver nanowire composites exhibit an ultra-high dielectric permittivity. Iron core-barium titanate shell nanostructures grown within silica based glass show a multiferroic behavior. Nanodimensional silica glasses containing lithium ions and grown within the nanopores of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles compacts, respectively are found to have much higher electrical conductivities as compared to those of the corresponding bulk form. Large magnetodielectric effect is observed in composites of nanoglasses and semiconductors which have been explained using Catalan’s model.

Keywords

Glass

Nanocomposite

Glass-metal nanocomposite

Glass-ceramic-metal nanocomposite

Glasses with metal core-metal oxide shell nanostructure

Electrical property

Magnetic property

Humidity sensing behavior

Glass metal nanowire composite

Multiferroic behavior of glass nanocomposite with core-shell nanostructure

Semiconductor-nanoglass composite

Nanoglass-mesoporous silica composite

Outline

2.1 Introduction 58

2.2 Glasses with Metal Nanoparticles 58

2.2.1 Electrical Properties 59

2.2.2 Magnetic Properties 60

2.3 Glass Ceramics with Metal Nanoparticles 62

2.3.1 Electrical Properties of Glass-Ceramic Metal Nanocomposites 63

2.3.2 Sensing Behavior of Glass-Ceramic Metal Nanocomposites 64

2.4 Glasses with Metal Core Metal Oxide Shell Nanostructures and Their Optical Properties 65

2.5 Glass Metal Nanowire Composites and Their Electrical Properties 69

2.5.1 Electrical Properties 69

2.6 Nanocomposites Synthesized by Electrodeposition 71

2.6.1 Humidity Sensing Behavior 71

2.6.2 Electrical Properties 72

2.7 Glass Silver Nanowire Composites and Their Dielectric Properties 73

2.8 Multiferroic Behavior of Glass Nanocomposites with a Core Shell Nanostructure 74

2.9 Semiconductor-Nanoglass Composites 75

2.9.1 Electrical Properties 77

2.9.2 Magnetic Properties 79

2.9.3 Magnetodielectric Properties 80

2.10 Nanoglass-Mesoporous Silica Composites 82

2.10.1 Magnetic Properties 82

2.10.2 Magnetodielectric Properties 83

2.11 Applications 85

2.12 Future Outlook 85

Exercises 85

Acknowledgments 86

References 86

Acknowledgments

S. Chatterjee acknowledges the award of INSPIRE Fellowship by DST, New Delhi. D. Chakravorty thanks DST, New Delhi for the award of SERB Distinguished Fellowship and INSA, New Delhi for giving him an Honorary Scientist position. S. K. Saha acknowledges DST, New Delhi for financial support through Project No. SR/NM/NS-1089/2011.

2.1 Introduction

Glasses with metallic nanoparticles dispersed within were developed early in human history when Romans used these types of composites to obtain colored glasses of different varieties. Photochromatic glasses [1] are comprised of metal nanoparticles grown within a glass medium after the latter is subjected to a particular radiation. Spectra float glasses developed by Pilkington Brothers U.K. consist of a layer of glass-metal nanocomposite at their surfaces [2]. These have been effective in preventing some of the deleterious components of solar radiation from entering a building. Investigations on the properties of glass-based nanocomposites have gathered momentum during the last two decades. Optical properties of glass-metal nanocomposites have been studied and theoretically analyzed in detail [3]. This has led to the finding that metal particles below a certain diameter undergo a metal-insulator transition. Electrical properties of these composites were found to be controlled by electron tunneling between the metal nanoparticles [4]. Glass-ceramics were observed to be efficient in giving rise to the growth of metal nanoparticles with controlled separation between them thereby making it possible to induce a range of electrical conductivities to the composite [5]. These were shown to be very effective sensors for relative humidity (RH) [6]. Glasses containing metallic nanowires have been shown to exhibit very high dielectric permittivity [7]. Multiferroic properties have been observed in glass nanocomposites containing a ferromagnetic core-ferroelectric shell microstructure [8]. Composites made of nanodimensional silica-based glass and...

Table of contents

• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• Foreword
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Contributors
• Short Biography of Editors
• I: Introduction
• II: Oxide Glass Nanocomposites
• III: Nonoxide Glass Nanocomposites
• Index