Internal Conversion Processes

Joseph Hamilton

• Publisher: Academic Press
• Year: 2012
• Print ISBN: 9780123956101
• eBook ISBN: 9780323143240
• Topic: Physical Sciences
• Subtopic: Nuclear Physics

Internal Conversion Processes documents the proceedings of the International Conference on the Internal Conversion Process held at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee on May 10-13, 1965. This compilation discusses the internal conversion theory; experimental methods for the determination of internal conversion coefficients; and conversion electron-gamma directional correlation. Other topics include the application of the internal-external conversion (IEC) method to the lens-type spectrometer; anomalies of E2 conversion coefficients in the deformed-nucleus region; and conversion coefficients of mixed E2-M1 rotational transitions. The anomalous El conversion; internal conversion electrons from primary fission fragments; particle parameters measured in pure transitions; and survey of El transitions in the rare earth region are also discussed in this book. This publication is a good reference for nuclear physicists and researchers conducting work on the various types of measurements that involve internal conversion electrons.

Table of contents

• Cover image
• Title page
• Table of Contents
• Copyright
• List of Contributors
• Preface
• Chapter 1: Internal Conversion Processes—Yesterday and Today
• Chapter 2: Internal Conversion Theory
• Chapter 3: Experimental Methods for the Determination of Internal Conversion Coefficients
• Chapter 4: Remarks on Conversion Electron-Gamma Directional Correlations
• Chapter 5: Proceedings of the International Conference on the Internal Conversion Process
• Chapter 6: Remarks on Conversion Electron-Gamma Directional Correlations
• Chapter 7: The Use of Semiconductor Detectors for Internal Conversion Coefficient Measurements
• Chapter 8: A Scheme for High-Luminosity High-Resolution Internal and External Conversion Measurements
• Chapter 9: Recent Developments in the Internal-External Conversion (IEC) Method
• Chapter 10: Application of the Internal-External Conversion (IEC) Method to the Lens-Type Spectrometer
• Chapter 11: The IEC Method Applied to a Medium-Thin Magnetic Lens Spectrometer
• Chapter 12: Improvement of the Resolution of a Siegbahn-Svartholm Type Iron-Yoke Double-Focusing Spectrometer
• Chapter 13: Recent Determinations of Conversion Coefficients of E2 Transitions Obtained from Coincidence Techniques and the Peak-to-Beta Spectrum Method
• Chapter 14: The Beta Spectrum of Au198, and the Conversion Coefficients of the 412-keV Line in Hg198
• Chapter 15: Method for Measuring Internal Conversion Coefficients Using a Bent-Crystal Gamma-Ray Monochromator and a Magnetic Electron Spectrometer
• Chapter 16: Conversion Coefficient Measurements Employing Magnetic and Solid-State Spectrometers
• Chapter 17: Anomalous K/L Ratio of the Conversion Electrons from (p, 2n) Reactions
• Chapter 18: Measurement of Electron Capture Ratios and Internal Conversion Coefficient Ratios with a Solid State Detector
• Chapter 19: Information on Conversion Coefficients from Coulomb Excitation and Lifetime Measurements
• Chapter 20: Anomalies in Internal Conversion Coefficients of E2 Transitions in Even-Even Nuclei
• Chapter 21: Determination of the Conversion Coefficient in Yb170 with Scintillation Methods
• Chapter 22: On the Anomalies of E2 Conversion Coefficients in the Deformed-Nucleus Region
• Chapter 23: The K Conversion Coefficient of the Pure E2 123-keV Transition in Gd154 by a Coincidence Method
• Chapter 24: Conversion Coefficient Measurements in Sm152, Gd154, and Dy160 by the IEC Method
• Chapter 25: K Conversion Coefficients of Mixed E2-M1 Rotational Transitions
• Chapter 26: A Test of the Effect of Scattering on the f Factor Used in the IEC Method
• Chapter 27: E2 Conversion Coefficients of the 245-keV Transition in Sm152 and the 344-keV Transition in Gd152
• Chapter 28: Nuclear Models, Particle Correlations, and Internal Conversion Coefficients
• Chapter 29: Confirmation of the Presence of E0 in Direct Competition with M1 and E2
• Chapter 30: Large E0-E2 Mixing Observed in Gd154
• Chapter 31: Some Conversion Coefficients Which Should Be Measured
• Chapter 32: Anomalous M1 Transitions in Ta181 and Lu175
• Chapter 33: Anomalous E1 Conversion
• Chapter 34: Internal Conversion Measurements of Transitions in Ta181
• Chapter 35: The Conversion Coefficient of Some Gamma Rays in In113, In115, Xe129, and Xe133
• Chapter 36: Internal Conversion Coefficients: General Formulation for All Shells and Application to Low Energy Transitions
• Chapter 37: On the Anomalous E2 ΔK = 1 Transitions in the Deformed Region
• Chapter 38: Penetration Effects on M1 Conversion Coefficients and the Core-Excitation Model
• Chapter 39: New Calculations of β4 (M Shell) in Tellurium
• Chapter 40: The Internal Conversion of High Multipole Order γ-Transitions
• Chapter 41: Relative Intensities of Internal Conversion Lines in 137Bam and Bi210
• Chapter 42: π High-Precision β-Ray Spectrometer
• Chapter 43: Gamma-Electron Directional Correlation Experiment on the 356 keV → 81 keV Cascade in Cs133
• Chapter 44: Nuclear Structure Effect in the K-Conversion Process of the 81-keV M1 Transition in Cs133
• Chapter 45: Nuclear Structure Effect in the L1-Conversion Process of the 57.1-keV M1 Transition of a Rotational Band in Dy161
• Chapter 46: Internal Conversion Coefficient of the 53-keV Gamma Ray Emitted in the Decay of Ru103
• Chapter 47: Internal Conversion Electrons from Primary Fission Fragments
• Chapter 48: Experimental and Theoretical Particle Parameters for L Electrons. Directional Correlations in Hg199 and Pt195
• Chapter 49: Angular Correlations Involving Conversion Electrons
• Chapter 50: Particle Parameters Measured in Pure Transitions
• Chapter 51: Experimental Studies of Dynamic Contributions to E2 Conversion
• Chapter 52: K and L Shell Particle Parameters of the 84.2-keV E2 Transition in Yb170
• Chapter 53: E2, L, and M + … Shell Particle Parameters in Gd154
• Chapter 54: Angular Distributions of Conversion Electrons from Oriented Ce137m Nuclei
• Chapter 55: γ-e− (L + M) and γ-e− (K) Directional Correlations in Pb207
• Chapter 56: M1-E2 Mixing from L Subshell Conversion Ratios
• Chapter 57: L Subshell Ratios in E2 Transitions
• Chapter 58: L Subshell Measurements of Retarded Dipole Transitions
• Chapter 59: A Survey of E1 Transitions in the Rare Earth Region
• Chapter 60: L Subshell Ratio Measurements for E2 Transitions in Gd154, Yb170, and W182
• Chapter 61: L Subshell Ratios for E2 Transitions in Deformed Heavy Elements
• Chapter 62: X-Ray Yields from K-Shell Ionization by Alpha Particles
• Chapter 63: Very Low Energy Isomer in the Decay of Mo90
• Chapter 64: Panel Session on Conversion Coefficient Measurements
• Chapter 65: Conference Summary
• Chapter 66: Penetration Effects in Internal Conversion
• APPENDIX 1: Tables of the Conversion Matrix Elements and Phases
• APPENDIX 2: L Shell Particle Parameters for Angular Correlations of Conversion Electrons: Part 1: L1 and L2 Subshells
• L Shell Particle Parameters for Angular Correlations of Conversion Electrons: Part 2: L3 Subshell
• APPENDIX 3: K/L, L1/L2, and L1/L3 Conversion Coefficient Ratios
• APPENDIX 4: Conversion Coefficients Useful as Calibration Standards
• APPENDIX 5: Table of Electron Binding Energies
• Author Index
• Subject Index